Comprehensive mathematical modeling of age-dependent oocyte quality and quantity for predicting live birth rate

BackgroundAge-related decline in fertility is widely recognized. However, a quantitative evaluation of changes in oocyte quality and quantity remains insufficient. Therefore, developing a mathematical model to quantitatively predict live birth rates affected by these changes is essential for support...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Toshio Sujino, Tatsuyuki Ogawa, Akira Komiya, Makiko Tajima, Yuko Takayanagi, Yurie Nako, Hayata Nakajo, Kenichiro Hiraoka, Isao Tamura, Hidetoshi Yamashita, Kiyotaka Kawai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Endocrinology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1595970/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850225570969812992
author Toshio Sujino
Tatsuyuki Ogawa
Akira Komiya
Akira Komiya
Makiko Tajima
Yuko Takayanagi
Yurie Nako
Hayata Nakajo
Kenichiro Hiraoka
Isao Tamura
Hidetoshi Yamashita
Kiyotaka Kawai
author_facet Toshio Sujino
Tatsuyuki Ogawa
Akira Komiya
Akira Komiya
Makiko Tajima
Yuko Takayanagi
Yurie Nako
Hayata Nakajo
Kenichiro Hiraoka
Isao Tamura
Hidetoshi Yamashita
Kiyotaka Kawai
author_sort Toshio Sujino
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundAge-related decline in fertility is widely recognized. However, a quantitative evaluation of changes in oocyte quality and quantity remains insufficient. Therefore, developing a mathematical model to quantitatively predict live birth rates affected by these changes is essential for supporting decision-making in assisted reproductive technology.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, we developed a mathematical model to predict live birth rates based on oocyte quality and quantity using IVF treatment data from our clinic over an 8-year period. In the first stage, medically meaningful model functions were selected, and curve fitting was performed using weighted nonlinear least-squares regression to quantify age-related changes in oocyte quality and quantity. For oocyte quality, a comparative analysis was conducted on our clinical data and other large-scale datasets, modeling the live birth rate per single vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer (SVBT) in correlation with the euploidy rate. For oocyte quantity, the distributions of anti-Müllerian hormone levels, antral follicle count, mature oocyte count, and transferable embryo count were analyzed by two-dimensional weighted nonlinear least-squares regression. In the second stage, logistic regression was applied to analyze live birth rates per SVBT and oocyte pick-up, incorporating multiple explanatory variables.ResultsThe adjusted R-squared values for the curve fitting results were above 0.9, indicating high fitting accuracy. In oocyte quality evaluation, all datasets showed that the values declined to half their peak by the age of 40 years. With respect to oocyte quantity, complete distribution characteristics were successfully modeled, enabling calculations at any percentile value. Logistic regression analysis incorporating blastocyst grade and culture duration as explanatory variables allowed for embryo selection based on a single indicator (i.e., the live birth rate). In the predictive model for live birth rate per oocyte pick-up, which included age, AMH levels, and number of retrieval cycles as explanatory variables, logistic regression analysis showed an AUC of 0.84 and an accuracy of 76.4%, demonstrating high predictive performance.ConclusionMathematical models of age-dependent oocyte quality and quantity were successfully developed. These models were integrated to construct a multi-variable predictive tool for estimating live birth rates, offering valuable insights for reproductive decision-making.
format Article
id doaj-art-57a9ccafbbe74f17b5220bfc685e977d
institution OA Journals
issn 1664-2392
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Endocrinology
spelling doaj-art-57a9ccafbbe74f17b5220bfc685e977d2025-08-20T02:05:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-06-011610.3389/fendo.2025.15959701595970Comprehensive mathematical modeling of age-dependent oocyte quality and quantity for predicting live birth rateToshio Sujino0Tatsuyuki Ogawa1Akira Komiya2Akira Komiya3Makiko Tajima4Yuko Takayanagi5Yurie Nako6Hayata Nakajo7Kenichiro Hiraoka8Isao Tamura9Hidetoshi Yamashita10Kiyotaka Kawai11Department of Reproductive Medicine, Kameda IVF Clinic Makuhari, Chiba-shi, Chiba, JapanDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Kameda IVF Clinic Makuhari, Chiba-shi, Chiba, JapanDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Kameda IVF Clinic Makuhari, Chiba-shi, Chiba, JapanDepartment of Urology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa-shi, Chiba, JapanDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Kameda IVF Clinic Makuhari, Chiba-shi, Chiba, JapanDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Kameda IVF Clinic Makuhari, Chiba-shi, Chiba, JapanDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Kameda IVF Clinic Makuhari, Chiba-shi, Chiba, JapanDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Kameda IVF Clinic Makuhari, Chiba-shi, Chiba, JapanDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Kameda IVF Clinic Makuhari, Chiba-shi, Chiba, JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube-shi, Yamaguchi, JapanResearch Laboratory, H.U. Group Research Institute G.K., Akiruno-shi, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Kameda IVF Clinic Makuhari, Chiba-shi, Chiba, JapanBackgroundAge-related decline in fertility is widely recognized. However, a quantitative evaluation of changes in oocyte quality and quantity remains insufficient. Therefore, developing a mathematical model to quantitatively predict live birth rates affected by these changes is essential for supporting decision-making in assisted reproductive technology.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, we developed a mathematical model to predict live birth rates based on oocyte quality and quantity using IVF treatment data from our clinic over an 8-year period. In the first stage, medically meaningful model functions were selected, and curve fitting was performed using weighted nonlinear least-squares regression to quantify age-related changes in oocyte quality and quantity. For oocyte quality, a comparative analysis was conducted on our clinical data and other large-scale datasets, modeling the live birth rate per single vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer (SVBT) in correlation with the euploidy rate. For oocyte quantity, the distributions of anti-Müllerian hormone levels, antral follicle count, mature oocyte count, and transferable embryo count were analyzed by two-dimensional weighted nonlinear least-squares regression. In the second stage, logistic regression was applied to analyze live birth rates per SVBT and oocyte pick-up, incorporating multiple explanatory variables.ResultsThe adjusted R-squared values for the curve fitting results were above 0.9, indicating high fitting accuracy. In oocyte quality evaluation, all datasets showed that the values declined to half their peak by the age of 40 years. With respect to oocyte quantity, complete distribution characteristics were successfully modeled, enabling calculations at any percentile value. Logistic regression analysis incorporating blastocyst grade and culture duration as explanatory variables allowed for embryo selection based on a single indicator (i.e., the live birth rate). In the predictive model for live birth rate per oocyte pick-up, which included age, AMH levels, and number of retrieval cycles as explanatory variables, logistic regression analysis showed an AUC of 0.84 and an accuracy of 76.4%, demonstrating high predictive performance.ConclusionMathematical models of age-dependent oocyte quality and quantity were successfully developed. These models were integrated to construct a multi-variable predictive tool for estimating live birth rates, offering valuable insights for reproductive decision-making.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1595970/fullovarian agingfertility declineanti-Müllerian hormonelive birth ratepredictioncurve fitting
spellingShingle Toshio Sujino
Tatsuyuki Ogawa
Akira Komiya
Akira Komiya
Makiko Tajima
Yuko Takayanagi
Yurie Nako
Hayata Nakajo
Kenichiro Hiraoka
Isao Tamura
Hidetoshi Yamashita
Kiyotaka Kawai
Comprehensive mathematical modeling of age-dependent oocyte quality and quantity for predicting live birth rate
Frontiers in Endocrinology
ovarian aging
fertility decline
anti-Müllerian hormone
live birth rate
prediction
curve fitting
title Comprehensive mathematical modeling of age-dependent oocyte quality and quantity for predicting live birth rate
title_full Comprehensive mathematical modeling of age-dependent oocyte quality and quantity for predicting live birth rate
title_fullStr Comprehensive mathematical modeling of age-dependent oocyte quality and quantity for predicting live birth rate
title_full_unstemmed Comprehensive mathematical modeling of age-dependent oocyte quality and quantity for predicting live birth rate
title_short Comprehensive mathematical modeling of age-dependent oocyte quality and quantity for predicting live birth rate
title_sort comprehensive mathematical modeling of age dependent oocyte quality and quantity for predicting live birth rate
topic ovarian aging
fertility decline
anti-Müllerian hormone
live birth rate
prediction
curve fitting
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1595970/full
work_keys_str_mv AT toshiosujino comprehensivemathematicalmodelingofagedependentoocytequalityandquantityforpredictinglivebirthrate
AT tatsuyukiogawa comprehensivemathematicalmodelingofagedependentoocytequalityandquantityforpredictinglivebirthrate
AT akirakomiya comprehensivemathematicalmodelingofagedependentoocytequalityandquantityforpredictinglivebirthrate
AT akirakomiya comprehensivemathematicalmodelingofagedependentoocytequalityandquantityforpredictinglivebirthrate
AT makikotajima comprehensivemathematicalmodelingofagedependentoocytequalityandquantityforpredictinglivebirthrate
AT yukotakayanagi comprehensivemathematicalmodelingofagedependentoocytequalityandquantityforpredictinglivebirthrate
AT yurienako comprehensivemathematicalmodelingofagedependentoocytequalityandquantityforpredictinglivebirthrate
AT hayatanakajo comprehensivemathematicalmodelingofagedependentoocytequalityandquantityforpredictinglivebirthrate
AT kenichirohiraoka comprehensivemathematicalmodelingofagedependentoocytequalityandquantityforpredictinglivebirthrate
AT isaotamura comprehensivemathematicalmodelingofagedependentoocytequalityandquantityforpredictinglivebirthrate
AT hidetoshiyamashita comprehensivemathematicalmodelingofagedependentoocytequalityandquantityforpredictinglivebirthrate
AT kiyotakakawai comprehensivemathematicalmodelingofagedependentoocytequalityandquantityforpredictinglivebirthrate