Comparison of the oral health indices in patients with type II diabetes with different glycemic control levels: a case-control study

Background. Glycemic control and oral health have a two-way relationship. The objective of this study was to compare dental caries and gingival indices in type II diabetic patients based on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Methods. In this case-control study, 150 type II diabetic patients were studied...

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Main Authors: Mohsen Hashemi, Shirin Hassanpour, Vahideh Sadra, Zahra Aghazadeh, Arman Amini Dehkordi, Katayoun Katebi
Format: Article
Language:fas
Published: Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 2024-12-01
Series:مجله پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز
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Online Access:https://mj.tbzmed.ac.ir/PDF/mj-46-580.pdf
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author Mohsen Hashemi
Shirin Hassanpour
Vahideh Sadra
Zahra Aghazadeh
Arman Amini Dehkordi
Katayoun Katebi
author_facet Mohsen Hashemi
Shirin Hassanpour
Vahideh Sadra
Zahra Aghazadeh
Arman Amini Dehkordi
Katayoun Katebi
author_sort Mohsen Hashemi
collection DOAJ
description Background. Glycemic control and oral health have a two-way relationship. The objective of this study was to compare dental caries and gingival indices in type II diabetic patients based on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Methods. In this case-control study, 150 type II diabetic patients were studied in three groups with HbA1c below 7%, between 7‒9%, and above 9%. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index and gingival index were determined by oral examination. Demographic variables were collected through patient files. A blood test was requested to measure HbA1c. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17, and the significance level was set at P<0.05. Results. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean number of decayed teeth (P=0.017), missing teeth (P=0.034), and overall DMFT index between the three groups (P<0.001). The mean number of filled teeth between the three groups was not significant (P=0.346). The mean gingival index in the group with HbA1c above 9% was significantly higher than the other two groups (P=0.015). Conclusion. The gingival index and DMFT increased with an increase in HbA1c. In other words, diabetes had more negative effects on gingival and dental health when its control was poorer. Practical Implications. Considering that the level of diabetes control has a great impact on oral health, it is necessary for diabetic patients, especially patients whose HbA1c is higher than 7%, to be regularly examined for teeth and gingival problems.
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series مجله پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز
spelling doaj-art-5748fc0cb7f84733b235f8fc8cae81fe2025-08-20T02:57:36ZfasTabriz University of Medical Sciencesمجله پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز2783-20312783-204X2024-12-0146558058710.34172/mj.2024.059mj-33490Comparison of the oral health indices in patients with type II diabetes with different glycemic control levels: a case-control studyMohsen Hashemi0Shirin Hassanpour1Vahideh Sadra2Zahra Aghazadeh3Arman Amini Dehkordi4Katayoun Katebi5Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranEndocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranFaculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranBackground. Glycemic control and oral health have a two-way relationship. The objective of this study was to compare dental caries and gingival indices in type II diabetic patients based on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Methods. In this case-control study, 150 type II diabetic patients were studied in three groups with HbA1c below 7%, between 7‒9%, and above 9%. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index and gingival index were determined by oral examination. Demographic variables were collected through patient files. A blood test was requested to measure HbA1c. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17, and the significance level was set at P<0.05. Results. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean number of decayed teeth (P=0.017), missing teeth (P=0.034), and overall DMFT index between the three groups (P<0.001). The mean number of filled teeth between the three groups was not significant (P=0.346). The mean gingival index in the group with HbA1c above 9% was significantly higher than the other two groups (P=0.015). Conclusion. The gingival index and DMFT increased with an increase in HbA1c. In other words, diabetes had more negative effects on gingival and dental health when its control was poorer. Practical Implications. Considering that the level of diabetes control has a great impact on oral health, it is necessary for diabetic patients, especially patients whose HbA1c is higher than 7%, to be regularly examined for teeth and gingival problems.https://mj.tbzmed.ac.ir/PDF/mj-46-580.pdfdental cariestype 2periodontal index
spellingShingle Mohsen Hashemi
Shirin Hassanpour
Vahideh Sadra
Zahra Aghazadeh
Arman Amini Dehkordi
Katayoun Katebi
Comparison of the oral health indices in patients with type II diabetes with different glycemic control levels: a case-control study
مجله پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز
dental caries
type 2
periodontal index
title Comparison of the oral health indices in patients with type II diabetes with different glycemic control levels: a case-control study
title_full Comparison of the oral health indices in patients with type II diabetes with different glycemic control levels: a case-control study
title_fullStr Comparison of the oral health indices in patients with type II diabetes with different glycemic control levels: a case-control study
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of the oral health indices in patients with type II diabetes with different glycemic control levels: a case-control study
title_short Comparison of the oral health indices in patients with type II diabetes with different glycemic control levels: a case-control study
title_sort comparison of the oral health indices in patients with type ii diabetes with different glycemic control levels a case control study
topic dental caries
type 2
periodontal index
url https://mj.tbzmed.ac.ir/PDF/mj-46-580.pdf
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