A preliminary study on digital quantification of ocular attributes in cattle as potential non-invasive indicators of anemia

A preliminary study on digital quantification of ocular attributes in cattle as potential non-invasive indicators of anemia

Abstract Background Various non-invasive indicators such as ocular attributes have been tested and validated for the assessment of anemia and vitamin A deficiency in human medical sciences with promising results. However, regarding veterinary diagnostics/prognostics, there is limited literature for...

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Main Authors: Mushtaq Hussain Lashari, Anna Abdullah, Fouzia Nazir, Asma Iqbal, Muhammad Abrar Afzal, Umer Farooq, Musadiq Idris, Musarrat Abbas Khan, Faisal Shahzad, Mahad Azam, Khawar Ali Shahzad, Dalia Fouad, Farid Shokry Ataya, Shagufta Nasreen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:BMC Veterinary Research
Subjects:
Anemia
Non-invasive indicators
Ocular attributes
Point-of-care-tests
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04618-x
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