Prevalence of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Associated Risk Factors Among Preschool Children in the City of Jeddah and Surrounding Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study
<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) affect children’s daily activities and overall performance due to gastrointestinal symptoms. This study assesses the prevalence and types of FGIDs in children living in Jeddah City and its countryside. It also ex...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Mai A. Khatib Elham A. Aljaaly Eram Albajri Nahlaa A. Khalifa Saleh Khateeb Sarah M. Ajabnoor Daniah Radhwan Khawlah Aljohani Aisha Y. Hussein |
| author_facet | Mai A. Khatib Elham A. Aljaaly Eram Albajri Nahlaa A. Khalifa Saleh Khateeb Sarah M. Ajabnoor Daniah Radhwan Khawlah Aljohani Aisha Y. Hussein |
| author_sort | Mai A. Khatib |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background/Objectives:</b> Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) affect children’s daily activities and overall performance due to gastrointestinal symptoms. This study assesses the prevalence and types of FGIDs in children living in Jeddah City and its countryside. It also examines factors that contribute to the incidence of these disorders and their impact on children’s lifestyles. <b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study was conducted among 285 mothers of preschool children enrolled in kindergartens during the academic year 2020–2021. The Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire was sent out online through kindergartens to be filled out by the children’s mothers. The questionnaire assessed the prevalence of FGIDs subjectively through symptoms and their frequency. <b>Results:</b> Among the 285 participants, 9% (n = 27) fit the diagnostic criteria for FGIDs. Common FGIDs included functional constipation, 3.5% (n = 10); postprandial distress syndrome, 2.4% (n = 7); functional abdominal pain—not otherwise specified, 1% (n = 3); and functional epigastric pain, 0.7% (n = 2). Significant risk factors for developing FGIDs among the children in the sample included being a preterm baby (<i>p</i> < 0.01), being previously diagnosed with a gastrointestinal condition (<i>p</i> < 0.010), having a family history of diarrhea or nausea and vomiting (<i>p</i> < 0.001 and <i>p</i> < 0.01, respectively), skipping lunch at kindergarten (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and having pre-existing food allergies (<i>p</i> < 0.01). <b>Conclusions:</b> FGIDs were prevalent among 9% of children in Jeddah City and its countryside. Functional constipation was the most common disorder. Factors associated with FGIDs in children included preterm birth, being previously diagnosed with a GI condition, a family history of gastrointestinal conditions, irregular eating habits, and food allergies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5713de2b24924257b5d3756906b84961 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-5713de2b24924257b5d3756906b849612025-08-20T02:48:06ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182025-01-0115324210.3390/diagnostics15030242Prevalence of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Associated Risk Factors Among Preschool Children in the City of Jeddah and Surrounding Areas: A Cross-Sectional StudyMai A. Khatib0Elham A. Aljaaly1Eram Albajri2Nahlaa A. Khalifa3Saleh Khateeb4Sarah M. Ajabnoor5Daniah Radhwan6Khawlah Aljohani7Aisha Y. Hussein8Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Clinical Sciences, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah 23323, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) affect children’s daily activities and overall performance due to gastrointestinal symptoms. This study assesses the prevalence and types of FGIDs in children living in Jeddah City and its countryside. It also examines factors that contribute to the incidence of these disorders and their impact on children’s lifestyles. <b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study was conducted among 285 mothers of preschool children enrolled in kindergartens during the academic year 2020–2021. The Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire was sent out online through kindergartens to be filled out by the children’s mothers. The questionnaire assessed the prevalence of FGIDs subjectively through symptoms and their frequency. <b>Results:</b> Among the 285 participants, 9% (n = 27) fit the diagnostic criteria for FGIDs. Common FGIDs included functional constipation, 3.5% (n = 10); postprandial distress syndrome, 2.4% (n = 7); functional abdominal pain—not otherwise specified, 1% (n = 3); and functional epigastric pain, 0.7% (n = 2). Significant risk factors for developing FGIDs among the children in the sample included being a preterm baby (<i>p</i> < 0.01), being previously diagnosed with a gastrointestinal condition (<i>p</i> < 0.010), having a family history of diarrhea or nausea and vomiting (<i>p</i> < 0.001 and <i>p</i> < 0.01, respectively), skipping lunch at kindergarten (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and having pre-existing food allergies (<i>p</i> < 0.01). <b>Conclusions:</b> FGIDs were prevalent among 9% of children in Jeddah City and its countryside. Functional constipation was the most common disorder. Factors associated with FGIDs in children included preterm birth, being previously diagnosed with a GI condition, a family history of gastrointestinal conditions, irregular eating habits, and food allergies.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/3/242Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnairefunctional gastrointestinal disordersFGIDsfunctional constipationpreschool childrenbedtimes |
| spellingShingle | Mai A. Khatib Elham A. Aljaaly Eram Albajri Nahlaa A. Khalifa Saleh Khateeb Sarah M. Ajabnoor Daniah Radhwan Khawlah Aljohani Aisha Y. Hussein Prevalence of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Associated Risk Factors Among Preschool Children in the City of Jeddah and Surrounding Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study Diagnostics Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire functional gastrointestinal disorders FGIDs functional constipation preschool children bedtimes |
| title | Prevalence of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Associated Risk Factors Among Preschool Children in the City of Jeddah and Surrounding Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | Prevalence of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Associated Risk Factors Among Preschool Children in the City of Jeddah and Surrounding Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Associated Risk Factors Among Preschool Children in the City of Jeddah and Surrounding Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Associated Risk Factors Among Preschool Children in the City of Jeddah and Surrounding Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | Prevalence of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Associated Risk Factors Among Preschool Children in the City of Jeddah and Surrounding Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders and associated risk factors among preschool children in the city of jeddah and surrounding areas a cross sectional study |
| topic | Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire functional gastrointestinal disorders FGIDs functional constipation preschool children bedtimes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/3/242 |
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