In vitro and in vivo studies of selenium nanoparticles coated bacterial polysaccharide as anti-lung cancer agents

Abstract Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) possess valuable biological functions and fascinating physicochemical properties. On the other hand, lung cancer is the primary contributor to global cancer-related deaths. However, health and safety concerns have prevented the identification and approval...

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Main Authors: Nourhan S. Shehata, Bassma H. Elwakil, Salma S. Elshewemi, Doaa A. Ghareeb, Zakia A. Olama
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:Microbial Cell Factories
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-024-02601-z
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author Nourhan S. Shehata
Bassma H. Elwakil
Salma S. Elshewemi
Doaa A. Ghareeb
Zakia A. Olama
author_facet Nourhan S. Shehata
Bassma H. Elwakil
Salma S. Elshewemi
Doaa A. Ghareeb
Zakia A. Olama
author_sort Nourhan S. Shehata
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) possess valuable biological functions and fascinating physicochemical properties. On the other hand, lung cancer is the primary contributor to global cancer-related deaths. However, health and safety concerns have prevented the identification and approval of any medications, including chemotherapeutic agents, for lung cancer treatment to date. The current study aims to enhance the production of bacterial EPS as a coating agent for the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (AZEPS-SeNPs), to enhance their biological activity against pathogenic microbes, human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) in vitro, and diethyl nitrosamine (DEN)-induced lung cancer in vivo. The synthesized AZEPS-SeNPs exhibited a significant antifungal effect reaching 49.3 mm against Candida albicans. SeNPs and EPSs demonstrated a concentration-dependent synergistic antioxidant effect of 96.8%. Moreover, the synthesized nanoparticles showed a highly potent cytotoxic effect against A549 cells (1.724 ± 0.08 µg/mL) with a therapeutic index of 7.18 ± 0.21 that leads to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. AZEPS-SeNPs demonstrated a proapoptotic effect on the lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line by stimulating caspase 3 and Bax (7.08-fold and 6.505-fold, respectively), inhibiting the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2, and arresting the cell cycle in the S phase. In vivo study revealed that the AZEPS-SeNPs-treated group showed improved histopathological examination of lung tissue sections. The present study concluded the efficiency of the synthesized bacterial EPS-SeNPs as multi-functional antimicrobial, anticancer and antioxidant agent.
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spelling doaj-art-56ae61f5359c4d098a655bdc5d58f4a52025-08-20T01:59:47ZengBMCMicrobial Cell Factories1475-28592024-12-0123112010.1186/s12934-024-02601-zIn vitro and in vivo studies of selenium nanoparticles coated bacterial polysaccharide as anti-lung cancer agentsNourhan S. Shehata0Bassma H. Elwakil1Salma S. Elshewemi2Doaa A. Ghareeb3Zakia A. Olama4Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in AlexandriaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in AlexandriaZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria UniversityBio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria UniversityDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria UniversityAbstract Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) possess valuable biological functions and fascinating physicochemical properties. On the other hand, lung cancer is the primary contributor to global cancer-related deaths. However, health and safety concerns have prevented the identification and approval of any medications, including chemotherapeutic agents, for lung cancer treatment to date. The current study aims to enhance the production of bacterial EPS as a coating agent for the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (AZEPS-SeNPs), to enhance their biological activity against pathogenic microbes, human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) in vitro, and diethyl nitrosamine (DEN)-induced lung cancer in vivo. The synthesized AZEPS-SeNPs exhibited a significant antifungal effect reaching 49.3 mm against Candida albicans. SeNPs and EPSs demonstrated a concentration-dependent synergistic antioxidant effect of 96.8%. Moreover, the synthesized nanoparticles showed a highly potent cytotoxic effect against A549 cells (1.724 ± 0.08 µg/mL) with a therapeutic index of 7.18 ± 0.21 that leads to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. AZEPS-SeNPs demonstrated a proapoptotic effect on the lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line by stimulating caspase 3 and Bax (7.08-fold and 6.505-fold, respectively), inhibiting the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2, and arresting the cell cycle in the S phase. In vivo study revealed that the AZEPS-SeNPs-treated group showed improved histopathological examination of lung tissue sections. The present study concluded the efficiency of the synthesized bacterial EPS-SeNPs as multi-functional antimicrobial, anticancer and antioxidant agent.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-024-02601-zExopolysaccharideAntimicrobialAnticancerOptimizationSelenium nanoparticles coated bacterial polysaccharide
spellingShingle Nourhan S. Shehata
Bassma H. Elwakil
Salma S. Elshewemi
Doaa A. Ghareeb
Zakia A. Olama
In vitro and in vivo studies of selenium nanoparticles coated bacterial polysaccharide as anti-lung cancer agents
Microbial Cell Factories
Exopolysaccharide
Antimicrobial
Anticancer
Optimization
Selenium nanoparticles coated bacterial polysaccharide
title In vitro and in vivo studies of selenium nanoparticles coated bacterial polysaccharide as anti-lung cancer agents
title_full In vitro and in vivo studies of selenium nanoparticles coated bacterial polysaccharide as anti-lung cancer agents
title_fullStr In vitro and in vivo studies of selenium nanoparticles coated bacterial polysaccharide as anti-lung cancer agents
title_full_unstemmed In vitro and in vivo studies of selenium nanoparticles coated bacterial polysaccharide as anti-lung cancer agents
title_short In vitro and in vivo studies of selenium nanoparticles coated bacterial polysaccharide as anti-lung cancer agents
title_sort in vitro and in vivo studies of selenium nanoparticles coated bacterial polysaccharide as anti lung cancer agents
topic Exopolysaccharide
Antimicrobial
Anticancer
Optimization
Selenium nanoparticles coated bacterial polysaccharide
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-024-02601-z
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AT salmaselshewemi invitroandinvivostudiesofseleniumnanoparticlescoatedbacterialpolysaccharideasantilungcanceragents
AT doaaaghareeb invitroandinvivostudiesofseleniumnanoparticlescoatedbacterialpolysaccharideasantilungcanceragents
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