Circular economy and olive mill wastewater management—from production to direct land application and short-term effects on soil properties

Circular economy and olive mill wastewater management—from production to direct land application and short-term effects on soil properties

Olive mill wastewater (OMW) is the most important aqueous by-product generated during olive oil extraction from olive fruit. Due to the large quantities produced in short periods, OMW exhibits high phytotoxicity and a high level of organic pollution, which presents a serious environmental concern. T...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Iosif E. Kapellakis, Vasileios A. Tzanakakis, Emmanouil M. Kabourakis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Sustainability
Subjects:
circular economy
olive orchard
olive mill wastewater
reuse
soil properties
nutrients
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frsus.2025.1545806/full
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