Understanding the potential contribution of polygenic risk scores to the prediction of gestational and type 2 diabetes in women from British Pakistani and Bangladeshi groups: a cohort study in Genes and HealthAJOG MFM at a Glance

Background: British Pakistani and Bangladeshi (BPB) women have disproportionately high rates of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), with prevalence estimates up to three times higher than in the general population. They are also at increased risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes, leading to signif...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Julia Zöllner, PhD, Binur Orazumbekova, MA, Sam Hodgson, MBBS, David A. van Heel, PhD, Stamatina Iliodromiti, PhD, Moneeza Siddiqui, PhD, Rohini Mathur, PhD, Sarah Finer, PhD, Jennifer Jardine, PhD, Shaheen Akhtar, MSc, Mohammad Anwar, Omar Asgar, MBBS, Samina Ashraf, BSc, Saeed Bidi, PhD, Gerome Breen, PhD, Eamonn Maher, PhD, Daniel MacArthur, PhD, Dan Mason, PhD, Bill Newman, Caroline Winckley, BSc, John Wright, PhD, James Broster, Raymond Chung, BSc, David Collier, PhD, Charles J Curtis, Shabana Chaudhary, MBBS, Grainne Colligan, Panos Deloukas, PhD, Ceri Durham, Faiza Durrani, Fabiola Eto, PhD, Joseph Gafton, MBBS, Ana Angel, MSc, Chris Griffiths, PhD, Joanne Henry, Teng Heng, MD, Qin Qin Huan, Matt Hurles, PhD, Karen A Hunt, PhD, Shapna Hussain, Kamrul Islam, BSc, Vivek Iyer, PhD, Benjamin M Jacobs, PhD, Georgios Kalantzis, PhD, Ahsan Khan, Claudia Langenberg, PhD, Cath Lavery, Sang Hyuck Lee, BSc, Sidra Malik, Daniel Malawsky, Hilary Martin, PhD, Mohammed Bodrul Mazid, John McDermott, Caroline Morton, MBBS, Vladimir Ovchinnikov, PhD, Elizabeth Owor, PhD, Iaroslav Popov, PhD, Asma Qureshi, MSc, Mehru Raza, Jessry Russell, MA, Nishat Safa, Miriam Samuel, MBBS, Michael Simpson, PhD, John Solly, PhD, Marie Spreckley, Daniel Stow, PhD, Michael Taylor, Richard C Trembath, PhD, Karen Tricker, Klaudia Walter, PhD, Suzanne Wood, Sabina Yasmin, Ishevanhu Zengeya, BSc
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:AJOG Global Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666577825000188
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849434050999091200
author Julia Zöllner, PhD
Binur Orazumbekova, MA
Sam Hodgson, MBBS
David A. van Heel, PhD
Stamatina Iliodromiti, PhD
Moneeza Siddiqui, PhD
Rohini Mathur, PhD
Sarah Finer, PhD
Jennifer Jardine, PhD
Shaheen Akhtar, MSc
Mohammad Anwar
Omar Asgar, MBBS
Samina Ashraf, BSc
Saeed Bidi, PhD
Gerome Breen, PhD
Eamonn Maher, PhD
Daniel MacArthur, PhD
Dan Mason, PhD
Bill Newman
Caroline Winckley, BSc
John Wright, PhD
James Broster
Raymond Chung, BSc
David Collier, PhD
Charles J Curtis
Shabana Chaudhary, MBBS
Grainne Colligan
Panos Deloukas, PhD
Ceri Durham
Faiza Durrani
Fabiola Eto, PhD
Joseph Gafton, MBBS
Ana Angel, MSc
Chris Griffiths, PhD
Joanne Henry
Teng Heng, MD
Qin Qin Huan
Matt Hurles, PhD
Karen A Hunt, PhD
Shapna Hussain
Kamrul Islam, BSc
Vivek Iyer, PhD
Benjamin M Jacobs, PhD
Georgios Kalantzis, PhD
Ahsan Khan
Claudia Langenberg, PhD
Cath Lavery
Sang Hyuck Lee, BSc
Sidra Malik
Daniel Malawsky
Hilary Martin, PhD
Rohini Mathur, PhD
Mohammed Bodrul Mazid
John McDermott
Caroline Morton, MBBS
Vladimir Ovchinnikov, PhD
Elizabeth Owor, PhD
Iaroslav Popov, PhD
Asma Qureshi, MSc
Mehru Raza
Jessry Russell, MA
Nishat Safa
Miriam Samuel, MBBS
Michael Simpson, PhD
John Solly, PhD
Marie Spreckley
Daniel Stow, PhD
Michael Taylor
Richard C Trembath, PhD
Karen Tricker
Klaudia Walter, PhD
Suzanne Wood
Sabina Yasmin
Ishevanhu Zengeya, BSc
author_facet Julia Zöllner, PhD
Binur Orazumbekova, MA
Sam Hodgson, MBBS
David A. van Heel, PhD
Stamatina Iliodromiti, PhD
Moneeza Siddiqui, PhD
Rohini Mathur, PhD
Sarah Finer, PhD
Jennifer Jardine, PhD
Shaheen Akhtar, MSc
Mohammad Anwar
Omar Asgar, MBBS
Samina Ashraf, BSc
Saeed Bidi, PhD
Gerome Breen, PhD
Eamonn Maher, PhD
Daniel MacArthur, PhD
Dan Mason, PhD
Bill Newman
Caroline Winckley, BSc
John Wright, PhD
James Broster
Raymond Chung, BSc
David Collier, PhD
Charles J Curtis
Shabana Chaudhary, MBBS
Grainne Colligan
Panos Deloukas, PhD
Ceri Durham
Faiza Durrani
Fabiola Eto, PhD
Joseph Gafton, MBBS
Ana Angel, MSc
Chris Griffiths, PhD
Joanne Henry
Teng Heng, MD
Qin Qin Huan
Matt Hurles, PhD
Karen A Hunt, PhD
Shapna Hussain
Kamrul Islam, BSc
Vivek Iyer, PhD
Benjamin M Jacobs, PhD
Georgios Kalantzis, PhD
Ahsan Khan
Claudia Langenberg, PhD
Cath Lavery
Sang Hyuck Lee, BSc
Sidra Malik
Daniel Malawsky
Hilary Martin, PhD
Rohini Mathur, PhD
Mohammed Bodrul Mazid
John McDermott
Caroline Morton, MBBS
Vladimir Ovchinnikov, PhD
Elizabeth Owor, PhD
Iaroslav Popov, PhD
Asma Qureshi, MSc
Mehru Raza
Jessry Russell, MA
Nishat Safa
Miriam Samuel, MBBS
Michael Simpson, PhD
John Solly, PhD
Marie Spreckley
Daniel Stow, PhD
Michael Taylor
Richard C Trembath, PhD
Karen Tricker
Klaudia Walter, PhD
Suzanne Wood
Sabina Yasmin
Ishevanhu Zengeya, BSc
author_sort Julia Zöllner, PhD
collection DOAJ
description Background: British Pakistani and Bangladeshi (BPB) women have disproportionately high rates of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), with prevalence estimates up to three times higher than in the general population. They are also at increased risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes, leading to significant health complications. Despite this, predictive models tailored to this high-risk, yet understudied group are lacking. Objective: To investigate whether combining genetic and traditional clinical data improves risk prediction of GDM and progression to type 2 diabetes among BPB women. We hypothesized that incorporating polygenic risk scores (PRS) would enhance the predictive accuracy of existing models. Study Design: An observational cohort study utilizing the Genes &amp; Health dataset, which includes comprehensive electronic health records. Women who gave birth between 2000 and 2023, both with and without a history of GDM, were included. Controls were defined as women without a GDM diagnosis during this period but who had a birth record. A total of 117 type 2 diabetes or GDM PRS were tested to determine the optimal PRS based on predictive performance metrics. The best-performing PRS was integrated with clinical variables for statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results: Of 13,489 women with birth records, 10,931 were included in the analysis, with 29.3% developing GDM. Women with GDM were older (mean age 31.7 years, P<.001) and had a higher BMI (mean 28.4 kg/m2, P<.001) compared to controls. The optimal PRS demonstrated a strong association with GDM risk; women in the highest PRS decile had significantly increased odds of developing GDM (OR 5.66, 95% CI [4.59, 7.01], P=3.62×10−58). Furthermore, the risk of converting from GDM to type 2 diabetes was 30% in the highest PRS decile, compared to 19% among all GDM cases and 11% in the lowest decile. Incorporating genetic risk factors with clinical data improved the C-statistic for predicting type 2 diabetes following GDM from 0.62 to 0.67 (P=4.58×10−6), indicating better model discrimination. Conclusion: The integration of genetic assessment with traditional clinical factors significantly enhances risk prediction for BPB women at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes after GDM. These findings support the implementation of targeted interventions and personalized monitoring strategies in this high-risk population. Future research should focus on validating these predictive models in external cohorts and exploring their integration into clinical practice to improve health outcomes.
format Article
id doaj-art-56861d11c08f4baaaa85a91eddacad54
institution Kabale University
issn 2666-5778
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series AJOG Global Reports
spelling doaj-art-56861d11c08f4baaaa85a91eddacad542025-08-20T03:26:48ZengElsevierAJOG Global Reports2666-57782025-05-015210045710.1016/j.xagr.2025.100457Understanding the potential contribution of polygenic risk scores to the prediction of gestational and type 2 diabetes in women from British Pakistani and Bangladeshi groups: a cohort study in Genes and HealthAJOG MFM at a GlanceJulia Zöllner, PhD0Binur Orazumbekova, MA1Sam Hodgson, MBBS2David A. van Heel, PhD3Stamatina Iliodromiti, PhD4Moneeza Siddiqui, PhD5Rohini Mathur, PhD6Sarah Finer, PhD7Jennifer Jardine, PhD8Shaheen Akhtar, MSc9Mohammad Anwar10Omar Asgar, MBBS11Samina Ashraf, BSc12Saeed Bidi, PhD13Gerome Breen, PhD14Eamonn Maher, PhD15Daniel MacArthur, PhD16Dan Mason, PhD17Bill Newman18Caroline Winckley, BSc19John Wright, PhD20James Broster21Raymond Chung, BSc22David Collier, PhD23Charles J Curtis24Shabana Chaudhary, MBBS25Grainne Colligan26Panos Deloukas, PhD27Ceri Durham28Faiza Durrani29Fabiola Eto, PhD30Joseph Gafton, MBBS31Ana Angel, MSc32Chris Griffiths, PhD33Joanne Henry34Teng Heng, MD35Qin Qin Huan36Matt Hurles, PhD37Karen A Hunt, PhD38Shapna Hussain39Kamrul Islam, BSc40Vivek Iyer, PhD41Benjamin M Jacobs, PhD42Georgios Kalantzis, PhD43Ahsan Khan44Claudia Langenberg, PhD45Cath Lavery46Sang Hyuck Lee, BSc47Sidra Malik48Daniel Malawsky49Hilary Martin, PhD50Rohini Mathur, PhD51Mohammed Bodrul Mazid52John McDermott53Caroline Morton, MBBS54Vladimir Ovchinnikov, PhD55Elizabeth Owor, PhD56Iaroslav Popov, PhD57Asma Qureshi, MSc58Mehru Raza59Jessry Russell, MA60Nishat Safa61Miriam Samuel, MBBS62Michael Simpson, PhD63John Solly, PhD64Marie Spreckley65Daniel Stow, PhD66Michael Taylor67Richard C Trembath, PhD68Karen Tricker69Klaudia Walter, PhD70Suzanne Wood71Sabina Yasmin72Ishevanhu Zengeya, BSc73Institute for Women's Health, Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK (Zöllner); Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Zöllner, Orazumbekova, Hodgson, Iliodromiti, Siddiqui, Mathur, Finer, and Jardine); Corresponding author: Julia Zöllner, PhD.Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Zöllner, Orazumbekova, Hodgson, Iliodromiti, Siddiqui, Mathur, Finer, and Jardine)Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Zöllner, Orazumbekova, Hodgson, Iliodromiti, Siddiqui, Mathur, Finer, and Jardine)Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (van Heel)Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Zöllner, Orazumbekova, Hodgson, Iliodromiti, Siddiqui, Mathur, Finer, and Jardine)Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Zöllner, Orazumbekova, Hodgson, Iliodromiti, Siddiqui, Mathur, Finer, and Jardine)Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Zöllner, Orazumbekova, Hodgson, Iliodromiti, Siddiqui, Mathur, Finer, and Jardine)Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Zöllner, Orazumbekova, Hodgson, Iliodromiti, Siddiqui, Mathur, Finer, and Jardine)Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Zöllner, Orazumbekova, Hodgson, Iliodromiti, Siddiqui, Mathur, Finer, and Jardine)Wellcome Sanger Institute, London, UK (Akhtar, Heng, Huan, Hurles, Iyer, Kalantzis, Malawsky, Martin, and Walter)Social Action for Health, London, UK (Anwar, Colligan, and Durham)Manchester University NHS Trust, Manchester, UK (Asgar)Bradford Teaching Hospitals, Bradford, UK (Ashraf)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)King's College London, London, UK (Breen, Chung, Curtis, Hyuck Lee, Simpson, and Trembath)University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (Maher)Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia (MacArthur)Born in Bradford, Bradford, UK (Mason)University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (Newman and McDermott)NIHR Clinical Research Clinical Trials, Manchester, UK (Winckley)Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford, UK (Wright)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)King's College London, London, UK (Breen, Chung, Curtis, Hyuck Lee, Simpson, and Trembath)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)King's College London, London, UK (Breen, Chung, Curtis, Hyuck Lee, Simpson, and Trembath)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Social Action for Health, London, UK (Anwar, Colligan, and Durham)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Social Action for Health, London, UK (Anwar, Colligan, and Durham)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Wellcome Sanger Institute, London, UK (Akhtar, Heng, Huan, Hurles, Iyer, Kalantzis, Malawsky, Martin, and Walter)Wellcome Sanger Institute, London, UK (Akhtar, Heng, Huan, Hurles, Iyer, Kalantzis, Malawsky, Martin, and Walter)Wellcome Sanger Institute, London, UK (Akhtar, Heng, Huan, Hurles, Iyer, Kalantzis, Malawsky, Martin, and Walter)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Wellcome Sanger Institute, London, UK (Akhtar, Heng, Huan, Hurles, Iyer, Kalantzis, Malawsky, Martin, and Walter)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Wellcome Sanger Institute, London, UK (Akhtar, Heng, Huan, Hurles, Iyer, Kalantzis, Malawsky, Martin, and Walter)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)King's College London, London, UK (Breen, Chung, Curtis, Hyuck Lee, Simpson, and Trembath)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Wellcome Sanger Institute, London, UK (Akhtar, Heng, Huan, Hurles, Iyer, Kalantzis, Malawsky, Martin, and Walter)Wellcome Sanger Institute, London, UK (Akhtar, Heng, Huan, Hurles, Iyer, Kalantzis, Malawsky, Martin, and Walter)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (Newman and McDermott)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)King's College London, London, UK (Breen, Chung, Curtis, Hyuck Lee, Simpson, and Trembath)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)King's College London, London, UK (Breen, Chung, Curtis, Hyuck Lee, Simpson, and Trembath)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Wellcome Sanger Institute, London, UK (Akhtar, Heng, Huan, Hurles, Iyer, Kalantzis, Malawsky, Martin, and Walter)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Bidi, Broster, Collier, Chaudhary, Deloukas, Durrani, Eto, Gafton, Angel, Griffiths, Henry, Hunt, Hussain, Islam, Jacobs, Khan, Langenberg, Lavery, Malik, Mathur, Bodrul Mazid, Morton, Ovchinnikov, Owor, Popov, Qureshi, Raza, Russell, Safa, Samuel, Solly, Spreckley, Stow, Taylor, Tricker, Wood, Yasmin, and Zengeya)Background: British Pakistani and Bangladeshi (BPB) women have disproportionately high rates of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), with prevalence estimates up to three times higher than in the general population. They are also at increased risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes, leading to significant health complications. Despite this, predictive models tailored to this high-risk, yet understudied group are lacking. Objective: To investigate whether combining genetic and traditional clinical data improves risk prediction of GDM and progression to type 2 diabetes among BPB women. We hypothesized that incorporating polygenic risk scores (PRS) would enhance the predictive accuracy of existing models. Study Design: An observational cohort study utilizing the Genes &amp; Health dataset, which includes comprehensive electronic health records. Women who gave birth between 2000 and 2023, both with and without a history of GDM, were included. Controls were defined as women without a GDM diagnosis during this period but who had a birth record. A total of 117 type 2 diabetes or GDM PRS were tested to determine the optimal PRS based on predictive performance metrics. The best-performing PRS was integrated with clinical variables for statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results: Of 13,489 women with birth records, 10,931 were included in the analysis, with 29.3% developing GDM. Women with GDM were older (mean age 31.7 years, P<.001) and had a higher BMI (mean 28.4 kg/m2, P<.001) compared to controls. The optimal PRS demonstrated a strong association with GDM risk; women in the highest PRS decile had significantly increased odds of developing GDM (OR 5.66, 95% CI [4.59, 7.01], P=3.62×10−58). Furthermore, the risk of converting from GDM to type 2 diabetes was 30% in the highest PRS decile, compared to 19% among all GDM cases and 11% in the lowest decile. Incorporating genetic risk factors with clinical data improved the C-statistic for predicting type 2 diabetes following GDM from 0.62 to 0.67 (P=4.58×10−6), indicating better model discrimination. Conclusion: The integration of genetic assessment with traditional clinical factors significantly enhances risk prediction for BPB women at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes after GDM. These findings support the implementation of targeted interventions and personalized monitoring strategies in this high-risk population. Future research should focus on validating these predictive models in external cohorts and exploring their integration into clinical practice to improve health outcomes.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666577825000188gestational diabetespolygenic riskprediction modelpregnancy complicationsprognosisrisk stratification
spellingShingle Julia Zöllner, PhD
Binur Orazumbekova, MA
Sam Hodgson, MBBS
David A. van Heel, PhD
Stamatina Iliodromiti, PhD
Moneeza Siddiqui, PhD
Rohini Mathur, PhD
Sarah Finer, PhD
Jennifer Jardine, PhD
Shaheen Akhtar, MSc
Mohammad Anwar
Omar Asgar, MBBS
Samina Ashraf, BSc
Saeed Bidi, PhD
Gerome Breen, PhD
Eamonn Maher, PhD
Daniel MacArthur, PhD
Dan Mason, PhD
Bill Newman
Caroline Winckley, BSc
John Wright, PhD
James Broster
Raymond Chung, BSc
David Collier, PhD
Charles J Curtis
Shabana Chaudhary, MBBS
Grainne Colligan
Panos Deloukas, PhD
Ceri Durham
Faiza Durrani
Fabiola Eto, PhD
Joseph Gafton, MBBS
Ana Angel, MSc
Chris Griffiths, PhD
Joanne Henry
Teng Heng, MD
Qin Qin Huan
Matt Hurles, PhD
Karen A Hunt, PhD
Shapna Hussain
Kamrul Islam, BSc
Vivek Iyer, PhD
Benjamin M Jacobs, PhD
Georgios Kalantzis, PhD
Ahsan Khan
Claudia Langenberg, PhD
Cath Lavery
Sang Hyuck Lee, BSc
Sidra Malik
Daniel Malawsky
Hilary Martin, PhD
Rohini Mathur, PhD
Mohammed Bodrul Mazid
John McDermott
Caroline Morton, MBBS
Vladimir Ovchinnikov, PhD
Elizabeth Owor, PhD
Iaroslav Popov, PhD
Asma Qureshi, MSc
Mehru Raza
Jessry Russell, MA
Nishat Safa
Miriam Samuel, MBBS
Michael Simpson, PhD
John Solly, PhD
Marie Spreckley
Daniel Stow, PhD
Michael Taylor
Richard C Trembath, PhD
Karen Tricker
Klaudia Walter, PhD
Suzanne Wood
Sabina Yasmin
Ishevanhu Zengeya, BSc
Understanding the potential contribution of polygenic risk scores to the prediction of gestational and type 2 diabetes in women from British Pakistani and Bangladeshi groups: a cohort study in Genes and HealthAJOG MFM at a Glance
AJOG Global Reports
gestational diabetes
polygenic risk
prediction model
pregnancy complications
prognosis
risk stratification
title Understanding the potential contribution of polygenic risk scores to the prediction of gestational and type 2 diabetes in women from British Pakistani and Bangladeshi groups: a cohort study in Genes and HealthAJOG MFM at a Glance
title_full Understanding the potential contribution of polygenic risk scores to the prediction of gestational and type 2 diabetes in women from British Pakistani and Bangladeshi groups: a cohort study in Genes and HealthAJOG MFM at a Glance
title_fullStr Understanding the potential contribution of polygenic risk scores to the prediction of gestational and type 2 diabetes in women from British Pakistani and Bangladeshi groups: a cohort study in Genes and HealthAJOG MFM at a Glance
title_full_unstemmed Understanding the potential contribution of polygenic risk scores to the prediction of gestational and type 2 diabetes in women from British Pakistani and Bangladeshi groups: a cohort study in Genes and HealthAJOG MFM at a Glance
title_short Understanding the potential contribution of polygenic risk scores to the prediction of gestational and type 2 diabetes in women from British Pakistani and Bangladeshi groups: a cohort study in Genes and HealthAJOG MFM at a Glance
title_sort understanding the potential contribution of polygenic risk scores to the prediction of gestational and type 2 diabetes in women from british pakistani and bangladeshi groups a cohort study in genes and healthajog mfm at a glance
topic gestational diabetes
polygenic risk
prediction model
pregnancy complications
prognosis
risk stratification
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666577825000188
work_keys_str_mv AT juliazollnerphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT binurorazumbekovama understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT samhodgsonmbbs understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT davidavanheelphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT stamatinailiodromitiphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT moneezasiddiquiphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT rohinimathurphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT sarahfinerphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT jenniferjardinephd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT shaheenakhtarmsc understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT mohammadanwar understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT omarasgarmbbs understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT saminaashrafbsc understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT saeedbidiphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT geromebreenphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT eamonnmaherphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT danielmacarthurphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT danmasonphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT billnewman understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT carolinewinckleybsc understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT johnwrightphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT jamesbroster understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT raymondchungbsc understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT davidcollierphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT charlesjcurtis understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT shabanachaudharymbbs understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT grainnecolligan understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT panosdeloukasphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT ceridurham understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT faizadurrani understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT fabiolaetophd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT josephgaftonmbbs understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT anaangelmsc understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT chrisgriffithsphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT joannehenry understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT tenghengmd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT qinqinhuan understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT matthurlesphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT karenahuntphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT shapnahussain understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT kamrulislambsc understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT vivekiyerphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT benjaminmjacobsphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT georgioskalantzisphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT ahsankhan understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT claudialangenbergphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT cathlavery understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT sanghyuckleebsc understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT sidramalik understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT danielmalawsky understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT hilarymartinphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT rohinimathurphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT mohammedbodrulmazid understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT johnmcdermott understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT carolinemortonmbbs understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT vladimirovchinnikovphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT elizabethoworphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT iaroslavpopovphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT asmaqureshimsc understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT mehruraza understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT jessryrussellma understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT nishatsafa understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT miriamsamuelmbbs understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT michaelsimpsonphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT johnsollyphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT mariespreckley understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT danielstowphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT michaeltaylor understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT richardctrembathphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT karentricker understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT klaudiawalterphd understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT suzannewood understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT sabinayasmin understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance
AT ishevanhuzengeyabsc understandingthepotentialcontributionofpolygenicriskscorestothepredictionofgestationalandtype2diabetesinwomenfrombritishpakistaniandbangladeshigroupsacohortstudyingenesandhealthajogmfmataglance