Trypanosoma dionisii in China: ecology and tentative epidemiology
Abstract Background Trypanosoma dionisii, one of several species that parasitizes Chiroptera worldwide, was first reported in a 30 year-old pregnant woman in China. It is important to improve our understanding of ecological and epidemiological patterns to identify potential transmission vectors and...
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2025-07-01
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| author | Qin Liu Mu-xin Chen Yu-chun Cai Yuan-yuan Li Zi-yi Wang Yun-hai Guo Yu-wan Hao Jing-bo Xue Yi-dan Jing Fan-na Wei Yong-bin Wang Yue-jin Li Hai-fang Wang Jun-ling Sun Ya-li Wang Gang Wang Na Wang Nai-li Guo Jian-cun Fang Wei-xiao Chen Xun-ming Zhou Yang Yu Yi Zhang Jun-hu Chen Qiang Wang Shi-zhu Li Ge Yan Qun Li |
| author_facet | Qin Liu Mu-xin Chen Yu-chun Cai Yuan-yuan Li Zi-yi Wang Yun-hai Guo Yu-wan Hao Jing-bo Xue Yi-dan Jing Fan-na Wei Yong-bin Wang Yue-jin Li Hai-fang Wang Jun-ling Sun Ya-li Wang Gang Wang Na Wang Nai-li Guo Jian-cun Fang Wei-xiao Chen Xun-ming Zhou Yang Yu Yi Zhang Jun-hu Chen Qiang Wang Shi-zhu Li Ge Yan Qun Li |
| author_sort | Qin Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Trypanosoma dionisii, one of several species that parasitizes Chiroptera worldwide, was first reported in a 30 year-old pregnant woman in China. It is important to improve our understanding of ecological and epidemiological patterns to identify potential transmission vectors and to estimate the risk of T. dionisii infection in the local population as well as in various species of domestic and wild animals. Methods We performed an ecological survey with epidemiological features in the area where the first T. dionisii case was found, including parasitological and serological tests and local demographic information for six surrounding villages. Sylvatic and domestic mammals and potential vector organisms in the same locality were investigated by nested-PCR for Trypanosoma and the phylogenetic analysis was performed. Results A total of 241 samples from the local population were screened for trypanosomiasis by parasitological and serological tests with no positive cases identified. However, 11 out of 18 bats collected from the village tested positively for Trypanosoma spp. by microscopy and nested-PCR, while 9 were positive for T. dionisii and 2 for T. vespertilionis. With regard to cats, 5 from a pet hospital in local showed 3 were co-infected with of T. dionisii and T. vespertilionis, and one having T. dionisii only, as well as one of the 29 animals examined was found infected with T. vespertilionis. Other animals seemed even less affected as all 163 blood samples collected from livestock and poultry, such as cows, sheep, chickens, ducks and geese, tested negative. Also 35 mosquito and mite pools tested negatively, while 4 out of 30 tick pools tested positive by nested-PCR with their sequences close to T. conorhini. Conclusions The survey indicates that a natural epidemic foci of T. dionisii, exists in Dongying Region, Shandong Province, China. Although no evidence of a high risk for human epidemic was found, the widespread presence of this parasites in bat species and a relatively high infection rate observed in the surveyed cats and dogs emphasize the emerging threat it poses to human health. Further surveillance and analysis are warranted to evaluate the transmission risk. Graphical Abstract |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-568285a024b7472487511ef379b4b2ec |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Infectious Diseases of Poverty |
| spelling | doaj-art-568285a024b7472487511ef379b4b2ec2025-08-20T03:46:12ZengBMCInfectious Diseases of Poverty2049-99572025-07-0114111110.1186/s40249-025-01336-2Trypanosoma dionisii in China: ecology and tentative epidemiologyQin Liu0Mu-xin Chen1Yu-chun Cai2Yuan-yuan Li3Zi-yi Wang4Yun-hai Guo5Yu-wan Hao6Jing-bo Xue7Yi-dan Jing8Fan-na Wei9Yong-bin Wang10Yue-jin Li11Hai-fang Wang12Jun-ling Sun13Ya-li Wang14Gang Wang15Na Wang16Nai-li Guo17Jian-cun Fang18Wei-xiao Chen19Xun-ming Zhou20Yang Yu21Yi Zhang22Jun-hu Chen23Qiang Wang24Shi-zhu Li25Ge Yan26Qun Li27National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyShandong Institute of Parasitic Disease, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences)Shandong Institute of Parasitic Disease, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences)Shandong Institute of Parasitic Disease, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences)National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionDepartment of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityDisease Control and Prevention Center of Dongying CityDisease Control and Prevention Center of Dongying CityDisease Control and Prevention Center of Dongying CityKey Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesSchool of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and TechnologyShandong Institute of Parasitic Disease, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences)National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionAbstract Background Trypanosoma dionisii, one of several species that parasitizes Chiroptera worldwide, was first reported in a 30 year-old pregnant woman in China. It is important to improve our understanding of ecological and epidemiological patterns to identify potential transmission vectors and to estimate the risk of T. dionisii infection in the local population as well as in various species of domestic and wild animals. Methods We performed an ecological survey with epidemiological features in the area where the first T. dionisii case was found, including parasitological and serological tests and local demographic information for six surrounding villages. Sylvatic and domestic mammals and potential vector organisms in the same locality were investigated by nested-PCR for Trypanosoma and the phylogenetic analysis was performed. Results A total of 241 samples from the local population were screened for trypanosomiasis by parasitological and serological tests with no positive cases identified. However, 11 out of 18 bats collected from the village tested positively for Trypanosoma spp. by microscopy and nested-PCR, while 9 were positive for T. dionisii and 2 for T. vespertilionis. With regard to cats, 5 from a pet hospital in local showed 3 were co-infected with of T. dionisii and T. vespertilionis, and one having T. dionisii only, as well as one of the 29 animals examined was found infected with T. vespertilionis. Other animals seemed even less affected as all 163 blood samples collected from livestock and poultry, such as cows, sheep, chickens, ducks and geese, tested negative. Also 35 mosquito and mite pools tested negatively, while 4 out of 30 tick pools tested positive by nested-PCR with their sequences close to T. conorhini. Conclusions The survey indicates that a natural epidemic foci of T. dionisii, exists in Dongying Region, Shandong Province, China. Although no evidence of a high risk for human epidemic was found, the widespread presence of this parasites in bat species and a relatively high infection rate observed in the surveyed cats and dogs emphasize the emerging threat it poses to human health. Further surveillance and analysis are warranted to evaluate the transmission risk. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-025-01336-2Human trypanosomiasisTrypanosoma dionisiiTrypanosoma vespertilionisCo-infectionBatsCompanion animals |
| spellingShingle | Qin Liu Mu-xin Chen Yu-chun Cai Yuan-yuan Li Zi-yi Wang Yun-hai Guo Yu-wan Hao Jing-bo Xue Yi-dan Jing Fan-na Wei Yong-bin Wang Yue-jin Li Hai-fang Wang Jun-ling Sun Ya-li Wang Gang Wang Na Wang Nai-li Guo Jian-cun Fang Wei-xiao Chen Xun-ming Zhou Yang Yu Yi Zhang Jun-hu Chen Qiang Wang Shi-zhu Li Ge Yan Qun Li Trypanosoma dionisii in China: ecology and tentative epidemiology Infectious Diseases of Poverty Human trypanosomiasis Trypanosoma dionisii Trypanosoma vespertilionis Co-infection Bats Companion animals |
| title | Trypanosoma dionisii in China: ecology and tentative epidemiology |
| title_full | Trypanosoma dionisii in China: ecology and tentative epidemiology |
| title_fullStr | Trypanosoma dionisii in China: ecology and tentative epidemiology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trypanosoma dionisii in China: ecology and tentative epidemiology |
| title_short | Trypanosoma dionisii in China: ecology and tentative epidemiology |
| title_sort | trypanosoma dionisii in china ecology and tentative epidemiology |
| topic | Human trypanosomiasis Trypanosoma dionisii Trypanosoma vespertilionis Co-infection Bats Companion animals |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-025-01336-2 |
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