Covalent Organic Frameworks for Immunoassays: A Review

Immunoassays relying on highly specific antigen–antibody recognition are important tools for effectively measuring the levels of various targets. Efforts have been made in the development of various methods to improve the detection sensitivity and stability of immunoassays. Covalent organic framewor...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Suling Yang, Hongmin Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Biosensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/7/469
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849246493187244032
author Suling Yang
Hongmin Liu
author_facet Suling Yang
Hongmin Liu
author_sort Suling Yang
collection DOAJ
description Immunoassays relying on highly specific antigen–antibody recognition are important tools for effectively measuring the levels of various targets. Efforts have been made in the development of various methods to improve the detection sensitivity and stability of immunoassays. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as an emerging class of novel crystalline porous materials, have unique advantages such as flexible designability, high surface area, excellent stability, tunable pore sizes, and multiple functionalities. They have great potential as novel sensory materials. Herein, we summarize the advances of COFs in electrochemical and optical immunoassays serving as electrode modifiers, signal indicators, enzyme or probe carriers, etc. Meanwhile, the design and application of typical COFs-based immunoassays in the determination of different targets are discussed in detail. Finally, challenges and future perspectives are presented.
format Article
id doaj-art-562bf60f34ac4072930a769e2d577bad
institution Kabale University
issn 2079-6374
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Biosensors
spelling doaj-art-562bf60f34ac4072930a769e2d577bad2025-08-20T03:58:30ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742025-07-0115746910.3390/bios15070469Covalent Organic Frameworks for Immunoassays: A ReviewSuling Yang0Hongmin Liu1Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-Electronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, ChinaHenan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-Electronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, ChinaImmunoassays relying on highly specific antigen–antibody recognition are important tools for effectively measuring the levels of various targets. Efforts have been made in the development of various methods to improve the detection sensitivity and stability of immunoassays. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as an emerging class of novel crystalline porous materials, have unique advantages such as flexible designability, high surface area, excellent stability, tunable pore sizes, and multiple functionalities. They have great potential as novel sensory materials. Herein, we summarize the advances of COFs in electrochemical and optical immunoassays serving as electrode modifiers, signal indicators, enzyme or probe carriers, etc. Meanwhile, the design and application of typical COFs-based immunoassays in the determination of different targets are discussed in detail. Finally, challenges and future perspectives are presented.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/7/469electrochemical immunoassaysoptical immunoassayscovalent organic frameworkselectrode materialssignal labels
spellingShingle Suling Yang
Hongmin Liu
Covalent Organic Frameworks for Immunoassays: A Review
Biosensors
electrochemical immunoassays
optical immunoassays
covalent organic frameworks
electrode materials
signal labels
title Covalent Organic Frameworks for Immunoassays: A Review
title_full Covalent Organic Frameworks for Immunoassays: A Review
title_fullStr Covalent Organic Frameworks for Immunoassays: A Review
title_full_unstemmed Covalent Organic Frameworks for Immunoassays: A Review
title_short Covalent Organic Frameworks for Immunoassays: A Review
title_sort covalent organic frameworks for immunoassays a review
topic electrochemical immunoassays
optical immunoassays
covalent organic frameworks
electrode materials
signal labels
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/7/469
work_keys_str_mv AT sulingyang covalentorganicframeworksforimmunoassaysareview
AT hongminliu covalentorganicframeworksforimmunoassaysareview