The Incidence of Scabies in Far North Queensland, Tropical Australia: Implications for Local Clinical Practice and Public Health Strategies

The recognition and treatment of scabies has been incorporated into Australian guidelines for the prevention of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The incidence of both diagnosed ARF and RHD is increasing in Far North Queensland (FNQ) in northeast tropical Australia, but...

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Main Authors: Mert Hamdi Korkusuz, Maria Eugenia Castellanos, Linton R. Harriss, Allison Hempenstall, Simon Smith, Josh Hanson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/10/4/111
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author Mert Hamdi Korkusuz
Maria Eugenia Castellanos
Linton R. Harriss
Allison Hempenstall
Simon Smith
Josh Hanson
author_facet Mert Hamdi Korkusuz
Maria Eugenia Castellanos
Linton R. Harriss
Allison Hempenstall
Simon Smith
Josh Hanson
author_sort Mert Hamdi Korkusuz
collection DOAJ
description The recognition and treatment of scabies has been incorporated into Australian guidelines for the prevention of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The incidence of both diagnosed ARF and RHD is increasing in Far North Queensland (FNQ) in northeast tropical Australia, but the local burden of scabies is incompletely defined. We reviewed the results of every skin scraping collected in FNQ’s public health system between 2000 and 2023; 121/4345 (2.8%) scrapings were positive, including 19/1071 (1.8%) in the last 5 years of the study; the proportion of scrapings that were positive for scabies declined over the study period. Individuals who tested positive for scabies were no more likely to have had a prior diagnosis of ARF or RHD compared to the matched controls (1/101 (1%) versus 3/101 (3%), <i>p</i> = 1.0). During a median of 14.7 years of follow-up, individuals who tested positive for scabies were also no more likely to have a diagnosis of ARF or RHD than matched controls (2/100 (2%) versus 6/98 (6%); hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.30 (0.06–1.50) <i>p</i> = 0.14). Microbiologically confirmed scabies is uncommon in FNQ and appears to make a limited contribution to the local incidence of ARF and RHD.
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spelling doaj-art-560ef11d9516466a845c696ccf4fc7fd2025-08-20T02:25:12ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662025-04-0110411110.3390/tropicalmed10040111The Incidence of Scabies in Far North Queensland, Tropical Australia: Implications for Local Clinical Practice and Public Health StrategiesMert Hamdi Korkusuz0Maria Eugenia Castellanos1Linton R. Harriss2Allison Hempenstall3Simon Smith4Josh Hanson5Cairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service, Cairns, QLD 4870, AustraliaCollege of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, AustraliaCairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service, Cairns, QLD 4870, AustraliaCairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service, Cairns, QLD 4870, AustraliaCairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service, Cairns, QLD 4870, AustraliaCairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service, Cairns, QLD 4870, AustraliaThe recognition and treatment of scabies has been incorporated into Australian guidelines for the prevention of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The incidence of both diagnosed ARF and RHD is increasing in Far North Queensland (FNQ) in northeast tropical Australia, but the local burden of scabies is incompletely defined. We reviewed the results of every skin scraping collected in FNQ’s public health system between 2000 and 2023; 121/4345 (2.8%) scrapings were positive, including 19/1071 (1.8%) in the last 5 years of the study; the proportion of scrapings that were positive for scabies declined over the study period. Individuals who tested positive for scabies were no more likely to have had a prior diagnosis of ARF or RHD compared to the matched controls (1/101 (1%) versus 3/101 (3%), <i>p</i> = 1.0). During a median of 14.7 years of follow-up, individuals who tested positive for scabies were also no more likely to have a diagnosis of ARF or RHD than matched controls (2/100 (2%) versus 6/98 (6%); hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.30 (0.06–1.50) <i>p</i> = 0.14). Microbiologically confirmed scabies is uncommon in FNQ and appears to make a limited contribution to the local incidence of ARF and RHD.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/10/4/111scabiesacute rheumatic feverrheumatic heart diseasechronic kidney diseasesocial determinants of healthaboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australian health
spellingShingle Mert Hamdi Korkusuz
Maria Eugenia Castellanos
Linton R. Harriss
Allison Hempenstall
Simon Smith
Josh Hanson
The Incidence of Scabies in Far North Queensland, Tropical Australia: Implications for Local Clinical Practice and Public Health Strategies
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
scabies
acute rheumatic fever
rheumatic heart disease
chronic kidney disease
social determinants of health
aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australian health
title The Incidence of Scabies in Far North Queensland, Tropical Australia: Implications for Local Clinical Practice and Public Health Strategies
title_full The Incidence of Scabies in Far North Queensland, Tropical Australia: Implications for Local Clinical Practice and Public Health Strategies
title_fullStr The Incidence of Scabies in Far North Queensland, Tropical Australia: Implications for Local Clinical Practice and Public Health Strategies
title_full_unstemmed The Incidence of Scabies in Far North Queensland, Tropical Australia: Implications for Local Clinical Practice and Public Health Strategies
title_short The Incidence of Scabies in Far North Queensland, Tropical Australia: Implications for Local Clinical Practice and Public Health Strategies
title_sort incidence of scabies in far north queensland tropical australia implications for local clinical practice and public health strategies
topic scabies
acute rheumatic fever
rheumatic heart disease
chronic kidney disease
social determinants of health
aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australian health
url https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/10/4/111
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