A Novel Mutation Related to Aceruloplasminemia with Mild Clinical Findings: A Case Report

<b>Background and Clinical Significance</b>: Aceruloplasminemia (ACP), a member of the neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) spectrum of disorders, is a rare disorder caused by mutations in the ceruloplasmin (CP) gene. Iron accumulation in various organs, including the br...

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Main Authors: Alexandros Giannakis, Tsamis Konstantinos, Maria Argyropoulou, Georgia Xiromerisiou, Spiridon Konitsiotis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Reports
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2571-841X/8/1/4
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author Alexandros Giannakis
Tsamis Konstantinos
Maria Argyropoulou
Georgia Xiromerisiou
Spiridon Konitsiotis
author_facet Alexandros Giannakis
Tsamis Konstantinos
Maria Argyropoulou
Georgia Xiromerisiou
Spiridon Konitsiotis
author_sort Alexandros Giannakis
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background and Clinical Significance</b>: Aceruloplasminemia (ACP), a member of the neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) spectrum of disorders, is a rare disorder caused by mutations in the ceruloplasmin (CP) gene. Iron accumulation in various organs, including the brain, liver, eyes, and heart, can lead to a broad clinical spectrum. Here, we report the first case of ACP in Greece. <b>Case Presentation</b>: Our patient was a 53-year-old male who was referred to our movement disorders center for a 6-month history of mild, unspecific, episodic dizziness and postural instability, and attention and memory deficits. Brain MRI revealed significant iron accumulation in multiple brain regions, including the dentate nuclei, cerebellar cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus, brainstem nuclei, and hypothalamus. These findings were particularly evident in susceptibility-weighted images. Fundoscopy revealed a normal retina, optic nerve, and macula. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous frameshift mutation in the CP gene [NM_000096.3:p.Thr3232fs (c.9695delC)]. This mutation has not been previously reported and is predicted to result in premature protein termination, supporting its pathogenic nature. Laboratory tests showed no anemia but revealed significantly elevated serum ferritin and low serum iron. Subsequent testing revealed extremely low serum CP and low serum copper. Despite less involvement of the myocardium, our patient succumbed to cardiac arrest. <b>Conclusions</b>: ACP should be considered in cases with minor neurological signs and symptoms. Brain MRI plays a significant role in early diagnosis. Close cardiac monitoring is also important.
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spelling doaj-art-55b9539973454d338f7ac9dbf5671f832025-08-20T03:43:40ZengMDPI AGReports2571-841X2024-12-0181410.3390/reports8010004A Novel Mutation Related to Aceruloplasminemia with Mild Clinical Findings: A Case ReportAlexandros Giannakis0Tsamis Konstantinos1Maria Argyropoulou2Georgia Xiromerisiou3Spiridon Konitsiotis4Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Clinical Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Thessaly, 45100 Larissa, GreeceDepartment of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece<b>Background and Clinical Significance</b>: Aceruloplasminemia (ACP), a member of the neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) spectrum of disorders, is a rare disorder caused by mutations in the ceruloplasmin (CP) gene. Iron accumulation in various organs, including the brain, liver, eyes, and heart, can lead to a broad clinical spectrum. Here, we report the first case of ACP in Greece. <b>Case Presentation</b>: Our patient was a 53-year-old male who was referred to our movement disorders center for a 6-month history of mild, unspecific, episodic dizziness and postural instability, and attention and memory deficits. Brain MRI revealed significant iron accumulation in multiple brain regions, including the dentate nuclei, cerebellar cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus, brainstem nuclei, and hypothalamus. These findings were particularly evident in susceptibility-weighted images. Fundoscopy revealed a normal retina, optic nerve, and macula. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous frameshift mutation in the CP gene [NM_000096.3:p.Thr3232fs (c.9695delC)]. This mutation has not been previously reported and is predicted to result in premature protein termination, supporting its pathogenic nature. Laboratory tests showed no anemia but revealed significantly elevated serum ferritin and low serum iron. Subsequent testing revealed extremely low serum CP and low serum copper. Despite less involvement of the myocardium, our patient succumbed to cardiac arrest. <b>Conclusions</b>: ACP should be considered in cases with minor neurological signs and symptoms. Brain MRI plays a significant role in early diagnosis. Close cardiac monitoring is also important.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-841X/8/1/4aceruloplasminemianeurodegeneration with brain iron accumulationceruloplasminferritincase report
spellingShingle Alexandros Giannakis
Tsamis Konstantinos
Maria Argyropoulou
Georgia Xiromerisiou
Spiridon Konitsiotis
A Novel Mutation Related to Aceruloplasminemia with Mild Clinical Findings: A Case Report
Reports
aceruloplasminemia
neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation
ceruloplasmin
ferritin
case report
title A Novel Mutation Related to Aceruloplasminemia with Mild Clinical Findings: A Case Report
title_full A Novel Mutation Related to Aceruloplasminemia with Mild Clinical Findings: A Case Report
title_fullStr A Novel Mutation Related to Aceruloplasminemia with Mild Clinical Findings: A Case Report
title_full_unstemmed A Novel Mutation Related to Aceruloplasminemia with Mild Clinical Findings: A Case Report
title_short A Novel Mutation Related to Aceruloplasminemia with Mild Clinical Findings: A Case Report
title_sort novel mutation related to aceruloplasminemia with mild clinical findings a case report
topic aceruloplasminemia
neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation
ceruloplasmin
ferritin
case report
url https://www.mdpi.com/2571-841X/8/1/4
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