RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion

Bovine adenovirus (BAdV)-3 genome encodes a 26 kDa core protein designated as protein VII, which localizes to the nucleus/nucleolus. The requirement of a protein VII-complementing cell line for the replication of VII-deleted BAdV-3 suggests that protein VII is required for the production of infectio...

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Main Authors: Shermila Kulanayake, Barinder Singh, Faryal Dar, Suresh K. Tikoo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-08-01
Series:Viruses
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/8/1323
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author Shermila Kulanayake
Barinder Singh
Faryal Dar
Suresh K. Tikoo
author_facet Shermila Kulanayake
Barinder Singh
Faryal Dar
Suresh K. Tikoo
author_sort Shermila Kulanayake
collection DOAJ
description Bovine adenovirus (BAdV)-3 genome encodes a 26 kDa core protein designated as protein VII, which localizes to the nucleus/nucleolus. The requirement of a protein VII-complementing cell line for the replication of VII-deleted BAdV-3 suggests that protein VII is required for the production of infectious progeny virions. An analysis of the BAV.VIId<sup>+</sup> virus (only phenotypically positive for protein VII) detected no noticeable differences in the expression and incorporation of viral proteins in the virions. Moreover, protein VII does not appear to be essential for the formation of mature BAV.VIId<sup>+</sup>. However, protein VII appeared to be required for the efficient assembly of mature BAV.VIId<sup>-</sup> virions. An analysis of the BAV.VIId<sup>-</sup> virus (genotypically and phenotypically negative for protein VII) in non-complementing cells detected the inefficient release of virions from endosomes, which affected the expression of viral proteins or DNA replication. Moreover, the absence of protein VII altered the proteolytic cleavage of protein VI of BAV.VIId<sup>-</sup>. Our results suggest that BAdV-3 protein VII appears to be required for efficient production of mature virions. Moreover, the absence of protein VII produces non-infectious BAdV-3 by altering the release of BAdV-3 from endosomes/vesicles.
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spelling doaj-art-554f7c89627f4f55b22480df38ea47212025-08-22T16:15:00ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152024-08-01168132310.3390/v16081323RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 VirionShermila Kulanayake0Barinder Singh1Faryal Dar2Suresh K. Tikoo3Vaccinology & Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, CanadaVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, CanadaVaccinology & Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, CanadaVaccinology & Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, CanadaBovine adenovirus (BAdV)-3 genome encodes a 26 kDa core protein designated as protein VII, which localizes to the nucleus/nucleolus. The requirement of a protein VII-complementing cell line for the replication of VII-deleted BAdV-3 suggests that protein VII is required for the production of infectious progeny virions. An analysis of the BAV.VIId<sup>+</sup> virus (only phenotypically positive for protein VII) detected no noticeable differences in the expression and incorporation of viral proteins in the virions. Moreover, protein VII does not appear to be essential for the formation of mature BAV.VIId<sup>+</sup>. However, protein VII appeared to be required for the efficient assembly of mature BAV.VIId<sup>-</sup> virions. An analysis of the BAV.VIId<sup>-</sup> virus (genotypically and phenotypically negative for protein VII) in non-complementing cells detected the inefficient release of virions from endosomes, which affected the expression of viral proteins or DNA replication. Moreover, the absence of protein VII altered the proteolytic cleavage of protein VI of BAV.VIId<sup>-</sup>. Our results suggest that BAdV-3 protein VII appears to be required for efficient production of mature virions. Moreover, the absence of protein VII produces non-infectious BAdV-3 by altering the release of BAdV-3 from endosomes/vesicles.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/8/1323BAdV-3adenovirus protein cleavageadenovirus protease cleavage sitesadenovirus assemblyendosomesDNA packaging
spellingShingle Shermila Kulanayake
Barinder Singh
Faryal Dar
Suresh K. Tikoo
RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion
Viruses
BAdV-3
adenovirus protein cleavage
adenovirus protease cleavage sites
adenovirus assembly
endosomes
DNA packaging
title RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion
title_full RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion
title_fullStr RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion
title_full_unstemmed RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion
title_short RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion
title_sort retracted role of protein vii in the production of infectious bovine adenovirus 3 virion
topic BAdV-3
adenovirus protein cleavage
adenovirus protease cleavage sites
adenovirus assembly
endosomes
DNA packaging
url https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/8/1323
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