RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion
Bovine adenovirus (BAdV)-3 genome encodes a 26 kDa core protein designated as protein VII, which localizes to the nucleus/nucleolus. The requirement of a protein VII-complementing cell line for the replication of VII-deleted BAdV-3 suggests that protein VII is required for the production of infectio...
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2024-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/8/1323 |
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| author | Shermila Kulanayake Barinder Singh Faryal Dar Suresh K. Tikoo |
| author_facet | Shermila Kulanayake Barinder Singh Faryal Dar Suresh K. Tikoo |
| author_sort | Shermila Kulanayake |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bovine adenovirus (BAdV)-3 genome encodes a 26 kDa core protein designated as protein VII, which localizes to the nucleus/nucleolus. The requirement of a protein VII-complementing cell line for the replication of VII-deleted BAdV-3 suggests that protein VII is required for the production of infectious progeny virions. An analysis of the BAV.VIId<sup>+</sup> virus (only phenotypically positive for protein VII) detected no noticeable differences in the expression and incorporation of viral proteins in the virions. Moreover, protein VII does not appear to be essential for the formation of mature BAV.VIId<sup>+</sup>. However, protein VII appeared to be required for the efficient assembly of mature BAV.VIId<sup>-</sup> virions. An analysis of the BAV.VIId<sup>-</sup> virus (genotypically and phenotypically negative for protein VII) in non-complementing cells detected the inefficient release of virions from endosomes, which affected the expression of viral proteins or DNA replication. Moreover, the absence of protein VII altered the proteolytic cleavage of protein VI of BAV.VIId<sup>-</sup>. Our results suggest that BAdV-3 protein VII appears to be required for efficient production of mature virions. Moreover, the absence of protein VII produces non-infectious BAdV-3 by altering the release of BAdV-3 from endosomes/vesicles. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-554f7c89627f4f55b22480df38ea4721 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-554f7c89627f4f55b22480df38ea47212025-08-22T16:15:00ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152024-08-01168132310.3390/v16081323RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 VirionShermila Kulanayake0Barinder Singh1Faryal Dar2Suresh K. Tikoo3Vaccinology & Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, CanadaVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, CanadaVaccinology & Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, CanadaVaccinology & Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, CanadaBovine adenovirus (BAdV)-3 genome encodes a 26 kDa core protein designated as protein VII, which localizes to the nucleus/nucleolus. The requirement of a protein VII-complementing cell line for the replication of VII-deleted BAdV-3 suggests that protein VII is required for the production of infectious progeny virions. An analysis of the BAV.VIId<sup>+</sup> virus (only phenotypically positive for protein VII) detected no noticeable differences in the expression and incorporation of viral proteins in the virions. Moreover, protein VII does not appear to be essential for the formation of mature BAV.VIId<sup>+</sup>. However, protein VII appeared to be required for the efficient assembly of mature BAV.VIId<sup>-</sup> virions. An analysis of the BAV.VIId<sup>-</sup> virus (genotypically and phenotypically negative for protein VII) in non-complementing cells detected the inefficient release of virions from endosomes, which affected the expression of viral proteins or DNA replication. Moreover, the absence of protein VII altered the proteolytic cleavage of protein VI of BAV.VIId<sup>-</sup>. Our results suggest that BAdV-3 protein VII appears to be required for efficient production of mature virions. Moreover, the absence of protein VII produces non-infectious BAdV-3 by altering the release of BAdV-3 from endosomes/vesicles.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/8/1323BAdV-3adenovirus protein cleavageadenovirus protease cleavage sitesadenovirus assemblyendosomesDNA packaging |
| spellingShingle | Shermila Kulanayake Barinder Singh Faryal Dar Suresh K. Tikoo RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion Viruses BAdV-3 adenovirus protein cleavage adenovirus protease cleavage sites adenovirus assembly endosomes DNA packaging |
| title | RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion |
| title_full | RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion |
| title_fullStr | RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion |
| title_full_unstemmed | RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion |
| title_short | RETRACTED: Role of Protein VII in the Production of Infectious Bovine Adenovirus-3 Virion |
| title_sort | retracted role of protein vii in the production of infectious bovine adenovirus 3 virion |
| topic | BAdV-3 adenovirus protein cleavage adenovirus protease cleavage sites adenovirus assembly endosomes DNA packaging |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/8/1323 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shermilakulanayake retractedroleofproteinviiintheproductionofinfectiousbovineadenovirus3virion AT barindersingh retractedroleofproteinviiintheproductionofinfectiousbovineadenovirus3virion AT faryaldar retractedroleofproteinviiintheproductionofinfectiousbovineadenovirus3virion AT sureshktikoo retractedroleofproteinviiintheproductionofinfectiousbovineadenovirus3virion |