Influence of vanadium oxide on the structural, optical, mechanical and dielectric properties of cadmium borate glasses
Abstract The melt-quenching method has been employed to fabricate 30B2O3–(70−x)CdO-xV2O5; x = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 5 mol% glasses. The physical, optical, mechanical, and dielectric properties of the prepared glasses were measured. Structural FTIR spectra and their related deconvolution process showed dis...
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2025-07-01
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| author | A. Kh. Helmy Takwa E. Ellakwa Gehan T. El-BassyounI M. A. Azooz M. A. Ouis Mohammed A. Taha |
| author_facet | A. Kh. Helmy Takwa E. Ellakwa Gehan T. El-BassyounI M. A. Azooz M. A. Ouis Mohammed A. Taha |
| author_sort | A. Kh. Helmy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The melt-quenching method has been employed to fabricate 30B2O3–(70−x)CdO-xV2O5; x = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 5 mol% glasses. The physical, optical, mechanical, and dielectric properties of the prepared glasses were measured. Structural FTIR spectra and their related deconvolution process showed distinct absorption bands, from which some parameters especially, the N4 ratio, could be determined by calculating the area under peaks. The successive addition of V2O5 up to 2 mol% at the expense of CdO in the glass network led to an increase in density from 4.27 to 4.69 g/cm3 for the prepared glasses while adding more V2O5 led to a decrease in density. The molar volume showed the same trend that occurred in the density, but in an opposite direction, as it decreased by increasing V2O5 content till the 2 mol% samples, then increased. The optical energy gap values (Eg) were calculated and were found to decrease from 2.95 to 1.35 eV with increasing levels of V2O5. With varying V2O5 concentrations, the mechanical characteristics of cadmium borate glasses increased up to 2%, declined at 3%, and then improved once again at mol%. The maximum microhardness, fracture toughness, and Young’s modulus were 624.12 HV, 2.87 MPa.m0.5, and 63.71 GPa for samples contained 2 mol% V2O5 which improved about 14.91, 32.26, and 21.84% compared to unreinforced glass sample. In addition, adding V2O5 and increasing the frequency had a positive effect on the electrical conductivity with the real and imaginary dielectric constant, and tan δ is the opposite. The electrical conductivity and tan δ of glass containing high V2O5 at a frequency of 20 MHz were 1.45 × 10⁻2 S/cm and 0.0619, respectively, at a frequency of 20 mΩ. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-551babea8b4a4660850cb3ad48baae08 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-551babea8b4a4660850cb3ad48baae082025-08-20T03:42:38ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111710.1038/s41598-025-09064-1Influence of vanadium oxide on the structural, optical, mechanical and dielectric properties of cadmium borate glassesA. Kh. Helmy0Takwa E. Ellakwa1Gehan T. El-BassyounI2M. A. Azooz3M. A. Ouis4Mohammed A. Taha5Glass Research Department, National Research Centre (NRC)Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian UniversityRefractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre (NRC)Glass Research Department, National Research Centre (NRC)Glass Research Department, National Research Centre (NRC)Solid State Physics Department, National Research CentreAbstract The melt-quenching method has been employed to fabricate 30B2O3–(70−x)CdO-xV2O5; x = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 5 mol% glasses. The physical, optical, mechanical, and dielectric properties of the prepared glasses were measured. Structural FTIR spectra and their related deconvolution process showed distinct absorption bands, from which some parameters especially, the N4 ratio, could be determined by calculating the area under peaks. The successive addition of V2O5 up to 2 mol% at the expense of CdO in the glass network led to an increase in density from 4.27 to 4.69 g/cm3 for the prepared glasses while adding more V2O5 led to a decrease in density. The molar volume showed the same trend that occurred in the density, but in an opposite direction, as it decreased by increasing V2O5 content till the 2 mol% samples, then increased. The optical energy gap values (Eg) were calculated and were found to decrease from 2.95 to 1.35 eV with increasing levels of V2O5. With varying V2O5 concentrations, the mechanical characteristics of cadmium borate glasses increased up to 2%, declined at 3%, and then improved once again at mol%. The maximum microhardness, fracture toughness, and Young’s modulus were 624.12 HV, 2.87 MPa.m0.5, and 63.71 GPa for samples contained 2 mol% V2O5 which improved about 14.91, 32.26, and 21.84% compared to unreinforced glass sample. In addition, adding V2O5 and increasing the frequency had a positive effect on the electrical conductivity with the real and imaginary dielectric constant, and tan δ is the opposite. The electrical conductivity and tan δ of glass containing high V2O5 at a frequency of 20 MHz were 1.45 × 10⁻2 S/cm and 0.0619, respectively, at a frequency of 20 mΩ.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09064-1Cadmium borate glassesMechanical propertiesElectrical propertiesDielectric propertiesOptical properties |
| spellingShingle | A. Kh. Helmy Takwa E. Ellakwa Gehan T. El-BassyounI M. A. Azooz M. A. Ouis Mohammed A. Taha Influence of vanadium oxide on the structural, optical, mechanical and dielectric properties of cadmium borate glasses Scientific Reports Cadmium borate glasses Mechanical properties Electrical properties Dielectric properties Optical properties |
| title | Influence of vanadium oxide on the structural, optical, mechanical and dielectric properties of cadmium borate glasses |
| title_full | Influence of vanadium oxide on the structural, optical, mechanical and dielectric properties of cadmium borate glasses |
| title_fullStr | Influence of vanadium oxide on the structural, optical, mechanical and dielectric properties of cadmium borate glasses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of vanadium oxide on the structural, optical, mechanical and dielectric properties of cadmium borate glasses |
| title_short | Influence of vanadium oxide on the structural, optical, mechanical and dielectric properties of cadmium borate glasses |
| title_sort | influence of vanadium oxide on the structural optical mechanical and dielectric properties of cadmium borate glasses |
| topic | Cadmium borate glasses Mechanical properties Electrical properties Dielectric properties Optical properties |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09064-1 |
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