Psychometric validation of the continuum beliefs of mental illness scale (CB-MIS) and its associations with stigma
Abstract Background Continuum beliefs of mental health and illness are robustly negatively correlated with mental illness stigma. However, there is a lack of multidimensional and validated measures, not entirely relying on vignettes. Methods To develop such a scale, a pool of 37 items adapted from o...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Lina-Jolien Peter Thomas McLaren Samuel Tomczyk Holger Muehlan Silke Schmidt Georg Schomerus |
| author_facet | Lina-Jolien Peter Thomas McLaren Samuel Tomczyk Holger Muehlan Silke Schmidt Georg Schomerus |
| author_sort | Lina-Jolien Peter |
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| description | Abstract Background Continuum beliefs of mental health and illness are robustly negatively correlated with mental illness stigma. However, there is a lack of multidimensional and validated measures, not entirely relying on vignettes. Methods To develop such a scale, a pool of 37 items adapted from other studies on continuum beliefs, was initially examined in expert discussions and a convenience sample (N = 227, M age=32 years, 80.6% female). Items were selected based on theoretical tenability and assigned to pre-defined facets of “State”, “Person”, and nosological “Concept” in relation to mental illness. In a second sample (N = 1375; M age=42 years; 65.2% female), the Continuum Beliefs of Mental Illness Scale (CB-MIS) was psychometrically tested (i.e. factorial, convergent, discriminant validity). Results The scale comprises three subscales with three items, and one optional vignette-based item each, rated on a 5-point Likert scale. It showed very good factorial and discriminant validity, associations with stigma were moderately negative. The scale exhibited good test-retest reliability over a period of six months. Conclusions A validated, practical, multifaceted measure is offered to evaluate beliefs regarding the continuum of mental health and illness. Future studies should conduct subgroup-specific investigations regarding sociodemographic and illness variables, and could apply this measure to anti-stigma interventions. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00023557. Registered 11/12/2020. World Health Organization, Universal Trial Number: U1111–1264–9954. Registered 16/02/2021. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5515883dfbf24bacaf7c5f5d9db1441a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-244X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj-art-5515883dfbf24bacaf7c5f5d9db1441a2025-02-09T12:49:24ZengBMCBMC Psychiatry1471-244X2025-02-0125111510.1186/s12888-024-06467-8Psychometric validation of the continuum beliefs of mental illness scale (CB-MIS) and its associations with stigmaLina-Jolien Peter0Thomas McLaren1Samuel Tomczyk2Holger Muehlan3Silke Schmidt4Georg Schomerus5Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University LeipzigDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University LeipzigDepartment of Health and Prevention, Institute of Psychology, University of GreifswaldDepartment of Health and Prevention, Institute of Psychology, University of GreifswaldDepartment of Health and Prevention, Institute of Psychology, University of GreifswaldDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University LeipzigAbstract Background Continuum beliefs of mental health and illness are robustly negatively correlated with mental illness stigma. However, there is a lack of multidimensional and validated measures, not entirely relying on vignettes. Methods To develop such a scale, a pool of 37 items adapted from other studies on continuum beliefs, was initially examined in expert discussions and a convenience sample (N = 227, M age=32 years, 80.6% female). Items were selected based on theoretical tenability and assigned to pre-defined facets of “State”, “Person”, and nosological “Concept” in relation to mental illness. In a second sample (N = 1375; M age=42 years; 65.2% female), the Continuum Beliefs of Mental Illness Scale (CB-MIS) was psychometrically tested (i.e. factorial, convergent, discriminant validity). Results The scale comprises three subscales with three items, and one optional vignette-based item each, rated on a 5-point Likert scale. It showed very good factorial and discriminant validity, associations with stigma were moderately negative. The scale exhibited good test-retest reliability over a period of six months. Conclusions A validated, practical, multifaceted measure is offered to evaluate beliefs regarding the continuum of mental health and illness. Future studies should conduct subgroup-specific investigations regarding sociodemographic and illness variables, and could apply this measure to anti-stigma interventions. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00023557. Registered 11/12/2020. World Health Organization, Universal Trial Number: U1111–1264–9954. Registered 16/02/2021.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-06467-8Continuum beliefs; Mental Health ContinuumScale DevelopmentMental Illness StigmaDiscriminationStereotypesAnti-stigma |
| spellingShingle | Lina-Jolien Peter Thomas McLaren Samuel Tomczyk Holger Muehlan Silke Schmidt Georg Schomerus Psychometric validation of the continuum beliefs of mental illness scale (CB-MIS) and its associations with stigma BMC Psychiatry Continuum beliefs; Mental Health Continuum Scale Development Mental Illness Stigma Discrimination Stereotypes Anti-stigma |
| title | Psychometric validation of the continuum beliefs of mental illness scale (CB-MIS) and its associations with stigma |
| title_full | Psychometric validation of the continuum beliefs of mental illness scale (CB-MIS) and its associations with stigma |
| title_fullStr | Psychometric validation of the continuum beliefs of mental illness scale (CB-MIS) and its associations with stigma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychometric validation of the continuum beliefs of mental illness scale (CB-MIS) and its associations with stigma |
| title_short | Psychometric validation of the continuum beliefs of mental illness scale (CB-MIS) and its associations with stigma |
| title_sort | psychometric validation of the continuum beliefs of mental illness scale cb mis and its associations with stigma |
| topic | Continuum beliefs; Mental Health Continuum Scale Development Mental Illness Stigma Discrimination Stereotypes Anti-stigma |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-06467-8 |
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