One-Dimensional Electro-Thermal Modelling of Battery Pack Cooling System for Heavy-Duty Truck Application
The transport sector is responsible for nearly a quarter of global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions annually, underscoring the urgent need for cleaner, more sustainable alternatives such as electric vehicles (EVs). However, the electrification of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) has been slow due to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Batteries |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/2/55 |
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| author | Mateusz Maciocha Thomas Short Udayraj Thorat Farhad Salek Harvey Thompson Meisam Babaie |
| author_facet | Mateusz Maciocha Thomas Short Udayraj Thorat Farhad Salek Harvey Thompson Meisam Babaie |
| author_sort | Mateusz Maciocha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The transport sector is responsible for nearly a quarter of global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions annually, underscoring the urgent need for cleaner, more sustainable alternatives such as electric vehicles (EVs). However, the electrification of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) has been slow due to the substantial power and battery capacity required to match the large payloads and extended operational ranges. This study addresses the research gap in battery pack design for commercial HGVs by investigating the electrical and thermal behaviour of a novel battery pack configuration using an electro-thermal model based on the equivalent circuit model (ECM). Through computationally efficient 1D modelling, this study evaluates critical factors such as cycle ageing, state of charge (SoC), and their impact on the battery’s range, initially estimated at 285 km. The findings of this study suggest that optimal cooling system parameters, including a flow rate of 18 LPM (litres per minute) and actively controlling the inlet temperature within ±7.8 °C, significantly enhance thermal performance and stability. This comprehensive electro-thermal assessment and the advanced cooling strategy set this work apart from previous studies centred on smaller EV applications. The findings provide a foundation for future research into battery thermal management system (BTMS) design and optimised charging strategies, both of which are essential for accelerating the industrial deployment of electrified HGVs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-54ff8b6104d64ecfa05649cd7972ae65 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj-art-54ff8b6104d64ecfa05649cd7972ae652025-08-20T02:44:45ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052025-01-011125510.3390/batteries11020055One-Dimensional Electro-Thermal Modelling of Battery Pack Cooling System for Heavy-Duty Truck ApplicationMateusz Maciocha0Thomas Short1Udayraj Thorat2Farhad Salek3Harvey Thompson4Meisam Babaie5School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKSchool of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKSchool of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKAVL Powertrain UK LTD, Coventry CV4 7EZ, UKSchool of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKSchool of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKThe transport sector is responsible for nearly a quarter of global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions annually, underscoring the urgent need for cleaner, more sustainable alternatives such as electric vehicles (EVs). However, the electrification of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) has been slow due to the substantial power and battery capacity required to match the large payloads and extended operational ranges. This study addresses the research gap in battery pack design for commercial HGVs by investigating the electrical and thermal behaviour of a novel battery pack configuration using an electro-thermal model based on the equivalent circuit model (ECM). Through computationally efficient 1D modelling, this study evaluates critical factors such as cycle ageing, state of charge (SoC), and their impact on the battery’s range, initially estimated at 285 km. The findings of this study suggest that optimal cooling system parameters, including a flow rate of 18 LPM (litres per minute) and actively controlling the inlet temperature within ±7.8 °C, significantly enhance thermal performance and stability. This comprehensive electro-thermal assessment and the advanced cooling strategy set this work apart from previous studies centred on smaller EV applications. The findings provide a foundation for future research into battery thermal management system (BTMS) design and optimised charging strategies, both of which are essential for accelerating the industrial deployment of electrified HGVs.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/2/55driving cycleelectric truckdynamic battery thermal modelBTMSequivalent circuit model |
| spellingShingle | Mateusz Maciocha Thomas Short Udayraj Thorat Farhad Salek Harvey Thompson Meisam Babaie One-Dimensional Electro-Thermal Modelling of Battery Pack Cooling System for Heavy-Duty Truck Application Batteries driving cycle electric truck dynamic battery thermal model BTMS equivalent circuit model |
| title | One-Dimensional Electro-Thermal Modelling of Battery Pack Cooling System for Heavy-Duty Truck Application |
| title_full | One-Dimensional Electro-Thermal Modelling of Battery Pack Cooling System for Heavy-Duty Truck Application |
| title_fullStr | One-Dimensional Electro-Thermal Modelling of Battery Pack Cooling System for Heavy-Duty Truck Application |
| title_full_unstemmed | One-Dimensional Electro-Thermal Modelling of Battery Pack Cooling System for Heavy-Duty Truck Application |
| title_short | One-Dimensional Electro-Thermal Modelling of Battery Pack Cooling System for Heavy-Duty Truck Application |
| title_sort | one dimensional electro thermal modelling of battery pack cooling system for heavy duty truck application |
| topic | driving cycle electric truck dynamic battery thermal model BTMS equivalent circuit model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/2/55 |
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