Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA interactions regulating fecundity in the ovaries of two distinct sheep breeds

Abstract Sheep production is vital to the global agricultural economy, particularly for meat and wool. However, fertility varies significantly among breeds, influenced by genetics, nutrition, and environment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, binding...

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Main Authors: Salsabeel Yousuf, Waqar Afzal Malik, Hui Feng, Tianyi Liu, Lingli Xie, Xiangyang Miao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Genomics
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11408-0
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author Salsabeel Yousuf
Waqar Afzal Malik
Hui Feng
Tianyi Liu
Lingli Xie
Xiangyang Miao
author_facet Salsabeel Yousuf
Waqar Afzal Malik
Hui Feng
Tianyi Liu
Lingli Xie
Xiangyang Miao
author_sort Salsabeel Yousuf
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Sheep production is vital to the global agricultural economy, particularly for meat and wool. However, fertility varies significantly among breeds, influenced by genetics, nutrition, and environment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, binding to target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to inhibit translation or trigger degradation. Despite their importance, little is known about ovary-specific miRNAs and their target genes in high and low fecundity sheep breeds. Here, we investigated miRNA expression profiles in ovarian tissues from Small Tail Han (high fecundity) and Dolang sheep (low fecundity) using miRNA sequencing. The analysis identified 51 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), with only nine mapping to the reference genome (including oar-miR-103, oar-miR-16b). We predicted 88,699, 176,629, and 240,753 target mRNAs for these DEmiRNAs from sheep, goat, and cow, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis revealed significant biological processes and signaling pathways potentially associated with fecundity. Subsequently, we constructed a DEmiRNA-mRNA regulatory network, highlighting candidate miRNA-mRNA pairs like chi-miR-130a-3p-WNT2B, oar-miR-103-FSHR, and oar-miR-16b-AMH. These findings provide insights into the potential regulators of sheep fecundity. We further validated these candidate miRNA-mRNA interactions using qRT-PCR to explore their roles in regulating sheep fecundity. Overall, this study utilized miRNA sequencing to analyze ovarian miRNA expression in sheep and identified potential miRNA-mRNA targets associated with fecundity. This lays the foundation for future research on the molecular mechanisms underlying sheep ovarian physiology and improving reproductive traits.
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spelling doaj-art-54ebcec581db42e38e651bbe17542f1c2025-08-20T03:04:17ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642025-07-0126111810.1186/s12864-025-11408-0Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA interactions regulating fecundity in the ovaries of two distinct sheep breedsSalsabeel Yousuf0Waqar Afzal Malik1Hui Feng2Tianyi Liu3Lingli Xie4Xiangyang Miao5State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAgricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesState Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesState Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesState Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesState Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAbstract Sheep production is vital to the global agricultural economy, particularly for meat and wool. However, fertility varies significantly among breeds, influenced by genetics, nutrition, and environment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, binding to target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to inhibit translation or trigger degradation. Despite their importance, little is known about ovary-specific miRNAs and their target genes in high and low fecundity sheep breeds. Here, we investigated miRNA expression profiles in ovarian tissues from Small Tail Han (high fecundity) and Dolang sheep (low fecundity) using miRNA sequencing. The analysis identified 51 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), with only nine mapping to the reference genome (including oar-miR-103, oar-miR-16b). We predicted 88,699, 176,629, and 240,753 target mRNAs for these DEmiRNAs from sheep, goat, and cow, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis revealed significant biological processes and signaling pathways potentially associated with fecundity. Subsequently, we constructed a DEmiRNA-mRNA regulatory network, highlighting candidate miRNA-mRNA pairs like chi-miR-130a-3p-WNT2B, oar-miR-103-FSHR, and oar-miR-16b-AMH. These findings provide insights into the potential regulators of sheep fecundity. We further validated these candidate miRNA-mRNA interactions using qRT-PCR to explore their roles in regulating sheep fecundity. Overall, this study utilized miRNA sequencing to analyze ovarian miRNA expression in sheep and identified potential miRNA-mRNA targets associated with fecundity. This lays the foundation for future research on the molecular mechanisms underlying sheep ovarian physiology and improving reproductive traits.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11408-0miRNASheepOvine tissueTranscriptomeFecundityOvary
spellingShingle Salsabeel Yousuf
Waqar Afzal Malik
Hui Feng
Tianyi Liu
Lingli Xie
Xiangyang Miao
Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA interactions regulating fecundity in the ovaries of two distinct sheep breeds
BMC Genomics
miRNA
Sheep
Ovine tissue
Transcriptome
Fecundity
Ovary
title Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA interactions regulating fecundity in the ovaries of two distinct sheep breeds
title_full Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA interactions regulating fecundity in the ovaries of two distinct sheep breeds
title_fullStr Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA interactions regulating fecundity in the ovaries of two distinct sheep breeds
title_full_unstemmed Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA interactions regulating fecundity in the ovaries of two distinct sheep breeds
title_short Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA interactions regulating fecundity in the ovaries of two distinct sheep breeds
title_sort integrated analysis of microrna and mrna interactions regulating fecundity in the ovaries of two distinct sheep breeds
topic miRNA
Sheep
Ovine tissue
Transcriptome
Fecundity
Ovary
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11408-0
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