Red Light Mitigates the Deteriorating Placental Extracellular Matrix in Late Onset of Preeclampsia and Improves the Trophoblast Behavior
Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy disorder which in extreme cases may lead to maternal and fetal injury or death. Preexisting conditions which increase oxidative stress, e.g., hypertension and diabetes, increase the mother’s risk to develop preeclampsia. Previously, we established that when the ex...
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| Format: | Article |
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Wiley
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pregnancy |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3922368 |
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| author | Jakara Griffin John G. Krolikowski Kenisha Kounga Janine Struve Agnes Keszler Brian Lindemer Michelle Bordas Grant Broeckel Nicole L. Lohr Dorothee Weihrauch |
| author_facet | Jakara Griffin John G. Krolikowski Kenisha Kounga Janine Struve Agnes Keszler Brian Lindemer Michelle Bordas Grant Broeckel Nicole L. Lohr Dorothee Weihrauch |
| author_sort | Jakara Griffin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy disorder which in extreme cases may lead to maternal and fetal injury or death. Preexisting conditions which increase oxidative stress, e.g., hypertension and diabetes, increase the mother’s risk to develop preeclampsia. Previously, we established that when the extracellular matrix is exposed to oxidative stress, trophoblast function is impaired, and this may lead to improper placentation. We investigated how the oxidative ECM present in preeclampsia alters the behavior of first trimester extravillous trophoblasts. We demonstrate elevated levels of advanced glycation end products (AGE) and lipid oxidation end product 4-hydroxynonenal in preeclamptic ECM (28%, and 32% increase vs control, respectively) accompanied with 35% and 82% more 3-chlorotyrosine and 3-nitrotyrosine vs control, respectively. Furthermore, we hypothesized that 670 nm phototherapy, which has antioxidant properties, reverses the observed trophoblast dysfunction as depicted in the improved migration and reduction in apoptosis. Since NO is critical for placentation, we examined eNOS activity in preeclamptic placentas compared to healthy ones and found no differences; however, 670 nm light treatment triggered enhanced NO availability presumably by using alternative NO sources. Light exposure decreased apoptosis and restored trophoblast migration to levels in trophoblasts cultured on preeclamptic ECM. Moreover, 670 nm irradiation restored expression of Transforming Growth Factor (TGFβ) and Placental Growth Factor (PLGF) to levels observed in trophoblasts cultured on healthy placental ECM. We conclude the application of 670 nm light can successfully mitigate the damaged placental microenvironment of late onset preeclampsia as depicted by the restored trophoblast behavior. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-54e6262765654285a54734a0879b2177 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-2735 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pregnancy |
| spelling | doaj-art-54e6262765654285a54734a0879b21772025-02-03T01:22:14ZengWileyJournal of Pregnancy2090-27352022-01-01202210.1155/2022/3922368Red Light Mitigates the Deteriorating Placental Extracellular Matrix in Late Onset of Preeclampsia and Improves the Trophoblast BehaviorJakara Griffin0John G. Krolikowski1Kenisha Kounga2Janine Struve3Agnes Keszler4Brian Lindemer5Michelle Bordas6Grant Broeckel7Nicole L. Lohr8Dorothee Weihrauch9Department of AnesthesiologyDepartment of AnesthesiologyDepartment of AnesthesiologyDepartment of Orthopedic SurgeryDepartment of MedicineDepartment of MedicineDepartment of AnesthesiologyDepartment of MedicineDepartment of MedicineDepartment of AnesthesiologyPreeclampsia is a serious pregnancy disorder which in extreme cases may lead to maternal and fetal injury or death. Preexisting conditions which increase oxidative stress, e.g., hypertension and diabetes, increase the mother’s risk to develop preeclampsia. Previously, we established that when the extracellular matrix is exposed to oxidative stress, trophoblast function is impaired, and this may lead to improper placentation. We investigated how the oxidative ECM present in preeclampsia alters the behavior of first trimester extravillous trophoblasts. We demonstrate elevated levels of advanced glycation end products (AGE) and lipid oxidation end product 4-hydroxynonenal in preeclamptic ECM (28%, and 32% increase vs control, respectively) accompanied with 35% and 82% more 3-chlorotyrosine and 3-nitrotyrosine vs control, respectively. Furthermore, we hypothesized that 670 nm phototherapy, which has antioxidant properties, reverses the observed trophoblast dysfunction as depicted in the improved migration and reduction in apoptosis. Since NO is critical for placentation, we examined eNOS activity in preeclamptic placentas compared to healthy ones and found no differences; however, 670 nm light treatment triggered enhanced NO availability presumably by using alternative NO sources. Light exposure decreased apoptosis and restored trophoblast migration to levels in trophoblasts cultured on preeclamptic ECM. Moreover, 670 nm irradiation restored expression of Transforming Growth Factor (TGFβ) and Placental Growth Factor (PLGF) to levels observed in trophoblasts cultured on healthy placental ECM. We conclude the application of 670 nm light can successfully mitigate the damaged placental microenvironment of late onset preeclampsia as depicted by the restored trophoblast behavior.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3922368 |
| spellingShingle | Jakara Griffin John G. Krolikowski Kenisha Kounga Janine Struve Agnes Keszler Brian Lindemer Michelle Bordas Grant Broeckel Nicole L. Lohr Dorothee Weihrauch Red Light Mitigates the Deteriorating Placental Extracellular Matrix in Late Onset of Preeclampsia and Improves the Trophoblast Behavior Journal of Pregnancy |
| title | Red Light Mitigates the Deteriorating Placental Extracellular Matrix in Late Onset of Preeclampsia and Improves the Trophoblast Behavior |
| title_full | Red Light Mitigates the Deteriorating Placental Extracellular Matrix in Late Onset of Preeclampsia and Improves the Trophoblast Behavior |
| title_fullStr | Red Light Mitigates the Deteriorating Placental Extracellular Matrix in Late Onset of Preeclampsia and Improves the Trophoblast Behavior |
| title_full_unstemmed | Red Light Mitigates the Deteriorating Placental Extracellular Matrix in Late Onset of Preeclampsia and Improves the Trophoblast Behavior |
| title_short | Red Light Mitigates the Deteriorating Placental Extracellular Matrix in Late Onset of Preeclampsia and Improves the Trophoblast Behavior |
| title_sort | red light mitigates the deteriorating placental extracellular matrix in late onset of preeclampsia and improves the trophoblast behavior |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3922368 |
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