Interplay of Mycobacterium abscessus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in experimental models of coinfection: Biofilm dynamics and host immune response

The incidence of infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria, mainly Mycobacterium abscessus, is increasing in patients with cystic fibrosis and other chronic pulmonary diseases, leading to an accelerated lung function decline. In most cases, M. abscessus coinfects Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the most comm...

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Main Authors: Víctor Campo-Pérez, Esther Julián, Eduard Torrents
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Virulence
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21505594.2025.2493221
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author Víctor Campo-Pérez
Esther Julián
Eduard Torrents
author_facet Víctor Campo-Pérez
Esther Julián
Eduard Torrents
author_sort Víctor Campo-Pérez
collection DOAJ
description The incidence of infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria, mainly Mycobacterium abscessus, is increasing in patients with cystic fibrosis and other chronic pulmonary diseases, leading to an accelerated lung function decline. In most cases, M. abscessus coinfects Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the most common pathogen in these conditions. However, how these two bacterial species interact during infection remains poorly understood. This study explored their behaviour in three relevant pathogenic settings: dual-species biofilm development using a recently developed method to monitor individual species in dual-species biofilms, coinfection in bronchial epithelial cells, and in vivo coinfection in the Galleria mellonella model. The results demonstrated that both species form stable mixed biofilms and reciprocally inhibit single-biofilm progression. Coinfections in bronchial epithelial cells significantly decreased cell viability, whereas in G. mellonella, coinfections induced lower survival rates than individual infections. Analysis of the immune response triggered by each bacterium in bronchial epithelial cell assays and G. mellonella larvae revealed that P. aeruginosa induces the overexpression of proinflammatory and melanization cascade responses, respectively. In contrast, M. abscessus and P. aeruginosa coinfection significantly inhibited the immune response in both models, resulting in worse consequences for the host than those generated by a single P. aeruginosa infection. Overall, this study highlights the novel role of M. abscessus in suppressing immune responses during coinfection with P. aeruginosa, emphasizing the clinical implications for the management of cystic fibrosis and other pulmonary diseases. Understanding these interactions could inform the development of new therapeutic strategies to mitigate the severity of coinfections in vulnerable patients.
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spelling doaj-art-54e3a4622fbf444ba16a30dffb5bb4bd2025-08-20T03:53:07ZengTaylor & Francis GroupVirulence2150-55942150-56082025-12-0116110.1080/21505594.2025.2493221Interplay of Mycobacterium abscessus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in experimental models of coinfection: Biofilm dynamics and host immune responseVíctor Campo-Pérez0Esther Julián1Eduard Torrents2Bacterial Infections and Antimicrobial Therapy Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, SpainDepartament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainBacterial Infections and Antimicrobial Therapy Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, SpainThe incidence of infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria, mainly Mycobacterium abscessus, is increasing in patients with cystic fibrosis and other chronic pulmonary diseases, leading to an accelerated lung function decline. In most cases, M. abscessus coinfects Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the most common pathogen in these conditions. However, how these two bacterial species interact during infection remains poorly understood. This study explored their behaviour in three relevant pathogenic settings: dual-species biofilm development using a recently developed method to monitor individual species in dual-species biofilms, coinfection in bronchial epithelial cells, and in vivo coinfection in the Galleria mellonella model. The results demonstrated that both species form stable mixed biofilms and reciprocally inhibit single-biofilm progression. Coinfections in bronchial epithelial cells significantly decreased cell viability, whereas in G. mellonella, coinfections induced lower survival rates than individual infections. Analysis of the immune response triggered by each bacterium in bronchial epithelial cell assays and G. mellonella larvae revealed that P. aeruginosa induces the overexpression of proinflammatory and melanization cascade responses, respectively. In contrast, M. abscessus and P. aeruginosa coinfection significantly inhibited the immune response in both models, resulting in worse consequences for the host than those generated by a single P. aeruginosa infection. Overall, this study highlights the novel role of M. abscessus in suppressing immune responses during coinfection with P. aeruginosa, emphasizing the clinical implications for the management of cystic fibrosis and other pulmonary diseases. Understanding these interactions could inform the development of new therapeutic strategies to mitigate the severity of coinfections in vulnerable patients.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21505594.2025.2493221Dual-species biofilmGalleria mellonellanontuberculous mycobacteriapulmonary epitheliaimmunosuppression
spellingShingle Víctor Campo-Pérez
Esther Julián
Eduard Torrents
Interplay of Mycobacterium abscessus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in experimental models of coinfection: Biofilm dynamics and host immune response
Virulence
Dual-species biofilm
Galleria mellonella
nontuberculous mycobacteria
pulmonary epithelia
immunosuppression
title Interplay of Mycobacterium abscessus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in experimental models of coinfection: Biofilm dynamics and host immune response
title_full Interplay of Mycobacterium abscessus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in experimental models of coinfection: Biofilm dynamics and host immune response
title_fullStr Interplay of Mycobacterium abscessus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in experimental models of coinfection: Biofilm dynamics and host immune response
title_full_unstemmed Interplay of Mycobacterium abscessus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in experimental models of coinfection: Biofilm dynamics and host immune response
title_short Interplay of Mycobacterium abscessus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in experimental models of coinfection: Biofilm dynamics and host immune response
title_sort interplay of mycobacterium abscessus and pseudomonas aeruginosa in experimental models of coinfection biofilm dynamics and host immune response
topic Dual-species biofilm
Galleria mellonella
nontuberculous mycobacteria
pulmonary epithelia
immunosuppression
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21505594.2025.2493221
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AT eduardtorrents interplayofmycobacteriumabscessusandpseudomonasaeruginosainexperimentalmodelsofcoinfectionbiofilmdynamicsandhostimmuneresponse