A Comprehensive Study on the Assessment of CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, Nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, and Glass Fiber Chopped Strand (GFCS)-Treated Clay in Terms of Bearing Capacity and Settlement Enhancements

Nanomaterials have been one of the latest trends used by geotechnical engineers for improving insufficient soil criteria. This study aims to assess the usability of CaCO<sub>3</sub>, nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub> and Glass Fiber Chopped Strands (GFCSs) in the improvement procedures f...

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Main Authors: Baki Bağrıaçık, Barış Mahmutluoğlu, Abdulkadir Ürünveren
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Applied Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/14/7779
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author Baki Bağrıaçık
Barış Mahmutluoğlu
Abdulkadir Ürünveren
author_facet Baki Bağrıaçık
Barış Mahmutluoğlu
Abdulkadir Ürünveren
author_sort Baki Bağrıaçık
collection DOAJ
description Nanomaterials have been one of the latest trends used by geotechnical engineers for improving insufficient soil criteria. This study aims to assess the usability of CaCO<sub>3</sub>, nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub> and Glass Fiber Chopped Strands (GFCSs) in the improvement procedures for clay soil media by performing traditional and laboratory model experiments. Clay samples mixed with CaCO<sub>3</sub> at 5%, nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub> at 0.75% and GFCSs at 2.0% separately provided 1.49, 1.68 and 1.86 times increments in the bearing capacity values in comparison with plain clay, respectively. Mixtures of clay, GFCSs at 1.5% and nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub> at 0.75% enabled the most optimal result of 2.58 times improved bearing capacities. Curing durations had a significant effect on increasing the bonding between nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub> and clay which led to further improved conditions. Settlement enhancements of up to 6.80% were recorded for the mixtures of nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub>, GFCSs and clay as well. Thus, improvements were reached in terms of bearing capacity and settlements along with the applicability and economy of the related procedures, of which the details can be seen in the following sections of this study.
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issn 2076-3417
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spelling doaj-art-54d1c74a95e342e88ece41b1740c36db2025-08-20T02:45:43ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-07-011514777910.3390/app15147779A Comprehensive Study on the Assessment of CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, Nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, and Glass Fiber Chopped Strand (GFCS)-Treated Clay in Terms of Bearing Capacity and Settlement EnhancementsBaki Bağrıaçık0Barış Mahmutluoğlu1Abdulkadir Ürünveren2Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana 01330, TurkeyConstruction Department, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Mersin University, Mersin 33110, TurkeyMining Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana 01330, TurkeyNanomaterials have been one of the latest trends used by geotechnical engineers for improving insufficient soil criteria. This study aims to assess the usability of CaCO<sub>3</sub>, nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub> and Glass Fiber Chopped Strands (GFCSs) in the improvement procedures for clay soil media by performing traditional and laboratory model experiments. Clay samples mixed with CaCO<sub>3</sub> at 5%, nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub> at 0.75% and GFCSs at 2.0% separately provided 1.49, 1.68 and 1.86 times increments in the bearing capacity values in comparison with plain clay, respectively. Mixtures of clay, GFCSs at 1.5% and nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub> at 0.75% enabled the most optimal result of 2.58 times improved bearing capacities. Curing durations had a significant effect on increasing the bonding between nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub> and clay which led to further improved conditions. Settlement enhancements of up to 6.80% were recorded for the mixtures of nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub>, GFCSs and clay as well. Thus, improvements were reached in terms of bearing capacity and settlements along with the applicability and economy of the related procedures, of which the details can be seen in the following sections of this study.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/14/7779nano materialglass fiber chopped strandbearing capacitysettlementmodel experimentclay
spellingShingle Baki Bağrıaçık
Barış Mahmutluoğlu
Abdulkadir Ürünveren
A Comprehensive Study on the Assessment of CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, Nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, and Glass Fiber Chopped Strand (GFCS)-Treated Clay in Terms of Bearing Capacity and Settlement Enhancements
Applied Sciences
nano material
glass fiber chopped strand
bearing capacity
settlement
model experiment
clay
title A Comprehensive Study on the Assessment of CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, Nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, and Glass Fiber Chopped Strand (GFCS)-Treated Clay in Terms of Bearing Capacity and Settlement Enhancements
title_full A Comprehensive Study on the Assessment of CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, Nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, and Glass Fiber Chopped Strand (GFCS)-Treated Clay in Terms of Bearing Capacity and Settlement Enhancements
title_fullStr A Comprehensive Study on the Assessment of CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, Nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, and Glass Fiber Chopped Strand (GFCS)-Treated Clay in Terms of Bearing Capacity and Settlement Enhancements
title_full_unstemmed A Comprehensive Study on the Assessment of CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, Nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, and Glass Fiber Chopped Strand (GFCS)-Treated Clay in Terms of Bearing Capacity and Settlement Enhancements
title_short A Comprehensive Study on the Assessment of CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, Nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub>-, and Glass Fiber Chopped Strand (GFCS)-Treated Clay in Terms of Bearing Capacity and Settlement Enhancements
title_sort comprehensive study on the assessment of caco sub 3 sub nano caco sub 3 sub and glass fiber chopped strand gfcs treated clay in terms of bearing capacity and settlement enhancements
topic nano material
glass fiber chopped strand
bearing capacity
settlement
model experiment
clay
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/14/7779
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