Recent advances of edible marine algae-derived sulfated polysaccharides in antiviral treatments: challenges vs. opportunities

Marine polysaccharides, particularly those derived from red, brown, and green algae, have shown promising antiviral activity. Among them, sulfated polysaccharides are particularly notable due to their broad-spectrum antiviral properties. These include direct viral destruction, inhibition of virus ad...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiaoying Dong, Yusong Qiu, Nan Jia, Yinfeng Wu, Qing Nie, Jiahui Wen, Chao Zhao, Yongzhen Zhai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Nutrition
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1561119/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849391902853431296
author Xiaoying Dong
Yusong Qiu
Nan Jia
Nan Jia
Yinfeng Wu
Qing Nie
Jiahui Wen
Jiahui Wen
Chao Zhao
Chao Zhao
Yongzhen Zhai
author_facet Xiaoying Dong
Yusong Qiu
Nan Jia
Nan Jia
Yinfeng Wu
Qing Nie
Jiahui Wen
Jiahui Wen
Chao Zhao
Chao Zhao
Yongzhen Zhai
author_sort Xiaoying Dong
collection DOAJ
description Marine polysaccharides, particularly those derived from red, brown, and green algae, have shown promising antiviral activity. Among them, sulfated polysaccharides are particularly notable due to their broad-spectrum antiviral properties. These include direct viral destruction, inhibition of virus adsorption, disruption of viral transcription and replication, and the stimulation of the host’s antiviral immunity. With low toxicity, minimal drug resistance, and excellent biocompatibility, these polysaccharides represent promising candidates for the development of antiviral medications. For instance, carrageenan, a polysaccharide from red algae, and fucoidan, a polymer from brown algae, have both been proven to effectively inhibit viral infections. Sulfated polysaccharides from green algae, such as those found in Ulva species, also exhibit antiviral properties, including activity against the Japanese encephalitis virus. These polysaccharides function by blocking the attachment of viruses to host cells or interfering with various stages of the viral life cycle. Moreover, marine polysaccharides have been shown to enhance host immune responses, thereby aiding in viral clearance. Although these findings highlight the antiviral potential of marine polysaccharides, most studies have been conducted in vitro or in animal models. Further clinical trials are necessary to validate their effectiveness and safety for therapeutic use.
format Article
id doaj-art-54add8f7ed4844afb86cf778cda067f9
institution Kabale University
issn 2296-861X
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Nutrition
spelling doaj-art-54add8f7ed4844afb86cf778cda067f92025-08-20T03:40:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-03-011210.3389/fnut.2025.15611191561119Recent advances of edible marine algae-derived sulfated polysaccharides in antiviral treatments: challenges vs. opportunitiesXiaoying Dong0Yusong Qiu1Nan Jia2Nan Jia3Yinfeng Wu4Qing Nie5Jiahui Wen6Jiahui Wen7Chao Zhao8Chao Zhao9Yongzhen Zhai10Department of Infectious Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaCollege of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaCollege of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaCollege of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaCollege of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaMarine polysaccharides, particularly those derived from red, brown, and green algae, have shown promising antiviral activity. Among them, sulfated polysaccharides are particularly notable due to their broad-spectrum antiviral properties. These include direct viral destruction, inhibition of virus adsorption, disruption of viral transcription and replication, and the stimulation of the host’s antiviral immunity. With low toxicity, minimal drug resistance, and excellent biocompatibility, these polysaccharides represent promising candidates for the development of antiviral medications. For instance, carrageenan, a polysaccharide from red algae, and fucoidan, a polymer from brown algae, have both been proven to effectively inhibit viral infections. Sulfated polysaccharides from green algae, such as those found in Ulva species, also exhibit antiviral properties, including activity against the Japanese encephalitis virus. These polysaccharides function by blocking the attachment of viruses to host cells or interfering with various stages of the viral life cycle. Moreover, marine polysaccharides have been shown to enhance host immune responses, thereby aiding in viral clearance. Although these findings highlight the antiviral potential of marine polysaccharides, most studies have been conducted in vitro or in animal models. Further clinical trials are necessary to validate their effectiveness and safety for therapeutic use.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1561119/fullmarine polysaccharidessulfated polysaccharidesvirusantiviral mechanismsalgae
spellingShingle Xiaoying Dong
Yusong Qiu
Nan Jia
Nan Jia
Yinfeng Wu
Qing Nie
Jiahui Wen
Jiahui Wen
Chao Zhao
Chao Zhao
Yongzhen Zhai
Recent advances of edible marine algae-derived sulfated polysaccharides in antiviral treatments: challenges vs. opportunities
Frontiers in Nutrition
marine polysaccharides
sulfated polysaccharides
virus
antiviral mechanisms
algae
title Recent advances of edible marine algae-derived sulfated polysaccharides in antiviral treatments: challenges vs. opportunities
title_full Recent advances of edible marine algae-derived sulfated polysaccharides in antiviral treatments: challenges vs. opportunities
title_fullStr Recent advances of edible marine algae-derived sulfated polysaccharides in antiviral treatments: challenges vs. opportunities
title_full_unstemmed Recent advances of edible marine algae-derived sulfated polysaccharides in antiviral treatments: challenges vs. opportunities
title_short Recent advances of edible marine algae-derived sulfated polysaccharides in antiviral treatments: challenges vs. opportunities
title_sort recent advances of edible marine algae derived sulfated polysaccharides in antiviral treatments challenges vs opportunities
topic marine polysaccharides
sulfated polysaccharides
virus
antiviral mechanisms
algae
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1561119/full
work_keys_str_mv AT xiaoyingdong recentadvancesofediblemarinealgaederivedsulfatedpolysaccharidesinantiviraltreatmentschallengesvsopportunities
AT yusongqiu recentadvancesofediblemarinealgaederivedsulfatedpolysaccharidesinantiviraltreatmentschallengesvsopportunities
AT nanjia recentadvancesofediblemarinealgaederivedsulfatedpolysaccharidesinantiviraltreatmentschallengesvsopportunities
AT nanjia recentadvancesofediblemarinealgaederivedsulfatedpolysaccharidesinantiviraltreatmentschallengesvsopportunities
AT yinfengwu recentadvancesofediblemarinealgaederivedsulfatedpolysaccharidesinantiviraltreatmentschallengesvsopportunities
AT qingnie recentadvancesofediblemarinealgaederivedsulfatedpolysaccharidesinantiviraltreatmentschallengesvsopportunities
AT jiahuiwen recentadvancesofediblemarinealgaederivedsulfatedpolysaccharidesinantiviraltreatmentschallengesvsopportunities
AT jiahuiwen recentadvancesofediblemarinealgaederivedsulfatedpolysaccharidesinantiviraltreatmentschallengesvsopportunities
AT chaozhao recentadvancesofediblemarinealgaederivedsulfatedpolysaccharidesinantiviraltreatmentschallengesvsopportunities
AT chaozhao recentadvancesofediblemarinealgaederivedsulfatedpolysaccharidesinantiviraltreatmentschallengesvsopportunities
AT yongzhenzhai recentadvancesofediblemarinealgaederivedsulfatedpolysaccharidesinantiviraltreatmentschallengesvsopportunities