Nitrogen removal from decentralized domestic wastewater in gravel-bed coupled with wood chip under variable hydraulic loading rate
The performance of two gravel beds with wood chip as carbon source with different hydraulic loading rates (HLR) (0.5 m3/(m2·d) of R1 and 0.3 m3/(m2·d) of R2) was evaluated in this study. Results indicated that, during the stable operation period, R2 showed a 25 % increase in total nitrogen removal e...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Desalination and Water Treatment |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398625002358 |
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| Summary: | The performance of two gravel beds with wood chip as carbon source with different hydraulic loading rates (HLR) (0.5 m3/(m2·d) of R1 and 0.3 m3/(m2·d) of R2) was evaluated in this study. Results indicated that, during the stable operation period, R2 showed a 25 % increase in total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE) compared to R1 and achieved 80.09 % efficiency in R2. The analysis of the microbial community found that the higher HLR in R1 improved bacterial alpha diversity, of which Shannon index increased 41.07 % and Richness increased 70.68 % (p < 0.05). Moraxellaceae, a typical saprophytic bacterial community with high relative abundance (23.90 % in R1, 57.86 % in R2) in both systems, demonstrated that wood chips used was involved in the denitrification process in gravel bed by releasing carbon source. Furthermore, the functional genes prediction indicated that there was not a significant difference in the biological metabolic pathways of nitrogen in the process (p > 0.05), yet the lower HLR in R2 had a potential partial nitrification-partial denitrification process. This study confirms the feasibility of gravel bed coupled with wood chip as a sustainable solution for rural wastewater treatment, where HLR is critical for balancing microbial diversity and nitrogen removal efficiency. |
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| ISSN: | 1944-3986 |