Quantum simulation with gauge fixing: From Ising lattice gauge theory to dynamical flux model
Quantum simulation of synthetic dynamic gauge field has attracted much attentions in recent years. There are two traditional ways to simulate gauge theories. One is to directly simulate the full Hamiltonian of gauge theories with local gauge symmetries. And the other is to engineer the projected Ham...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Physical Society
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Physical Review Research |
| Online Access: | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013311 |
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| _version_ | 1850099128103600128 |
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| author | Junsen Wang Xiangxiang Sun Wei Zheng |
| author_facet | Junsen Wang Xiangxiang Sun Wei Zheng |
| author_sort | Junsen Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Quantum simulation of synthetic dynamic gauge field has attracted much attentions in recent years. There are two traditional ways to simulate gauge theories. One is to directly simulate the full Hamiltonian of gauge theories with local gauge symmetries. And the other is to engineer the projected Hamiltonian in one gauge subsector. In this work, we provide the third way towards the simulation of gauge theories based on gauge fixing. To demonstrate this concept, we fix the gauge of an Ising lattice gauge field coupled with spinless fermions on a ladder geometry. After the gauge fixing, this gauge theory is reduced to a simpler model, in which fermions hop on a ladder with a fluctuating dynamical Z_{2} flux. Then we show that this model can be realized via Floquet engineering in ultracold atomic gases. By analytical and numerical studies of this dynamical flux model, we deduce that there is a confinement-to-deconfinement phase transition in the original unfixed gauge theory. This work paves the way to quantum simulate lattice gauge theory using the concept of gauge fixing, relevant both for condensed-matter and high-energy physics. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-545ce3cd7b72437c9e84c0035048d871 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2643-1564 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | American Physical Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physical Review Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-545ce3cd7b72437c9e84c0035048d8712025-08-20T02:40:33ZengAmerican Physical SocietyPhysical Review Research2643-15642025-03-017101331110.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013311Quantum simulation with gauge fixing: From Ising lattice gauge theory to dynamical flux modelJunsen WangXiangxiang SunWei ZhengQuantum simulation of synthetic dynamic gauge field has attracted much attentions in recent years. There are two traditional ways to simulate gauge theories. One is to directly simulate the full Hamiltonian of gauge theories with local gauge symmetries. And the other is to engineer the projected Hamiltonian in one gauge subsector. In this work, we provide the third way towards the simulation of gauge theories based on gauge fixing. To demonstrate this concept, we fix the gauge of an Ising lattice gauge field coupled with spinless fermions on a ladder geometry. After the gauge fixing, this gauge theory is reduced to a simpler model, in which fermions hop on a ladder with a fluctuating dynamical Z_{2} flux. Then we show that this model can be realized via Floquet engineering in ultracold atomic gases. By analytical and numerical studies of this dynamical flux model, we deduce that there is a confinement-to-deconfinement phase transition in the original unfixed gauge theory. This work paves the way to quantum simulate lattice gauge theory using the concept of gauge fixing, relevant both for condensed-matter and high-energy physics.http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013311 |
| spellingShingle | Junsen Wang Xiangxiang Sun Wei Zheng Quantum simulation with gauge fixing: From Ising lattice gauge theory to dynamical flux model Physical Review Research |
| title | Quantum simulation with gauge fixing: From Ising lattice gauge theory to dynamical flux model |
| title_full | Quantum simulation with gauge fixing: From Ising lattice gauge theory to dynamical flux model |
| title_fullStr | Quantum simulation with gauge fixing: From Ising lattice gauge theory to dynamical flux model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantum simulation with gauge fixing: From Ising lattice gauge theory to dynamical flux model |
| title_short | Quantum simulation with gauge fixing: From Ising lattice gauge theory to dynamical flux model |
| title_sort | quantum simulation with gauge fixing from ising lattice gauge theory to dynamical flux model |
| url | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013311 |
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