Socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-positive patients at an ART (anti-retroviral therapy) centre in western Maharashtra: A cross-sectional study

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains a global health challenge, particularly in developing nations like India, with approximately 2.35 million people living with HIV. Socio-demographic factors, including education and socio-economic statu...

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Main Authors: Richa Naik, Swati Ghonge, Sai Mahesh Vajjala
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-03-01
Series:Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1698_24
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author Richa Naik
Swati Ghonge
Sai Mahesh Vajjala
author_facet Richa Naik
Swati Ghonge
Sai Mahesh Vajjala
author_sort Richa Naik
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains a global health challenge, particularly in developing nations like India, with approximately 2.35 million people living with HIV. Socio-demographic factors, including education and socio-economic status, influence infection rates. This study examines the socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV-positive patients at an anti-retroviral therapy (ART) Centre in Maharashtra. Methodology: This single-center, cross-sectional descriptive study assessed the socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV-positive patients at an ART Centre in Western Maharashtra. The sample included 400 participants aged 18 and above, selected via systematic random sampling. Data were collected through a pre-tested questionnaire covering socio-demographic details and clinical parameters, including CD4 counts and opportunistic infections. Statistical analysis was conducted using Jamovi v4.3.2, with ethical clearance obtained from the institutional ethics committee. Informed consent and data confidentiality were maintained. Results: A total of 400 HIV-positive individuals participated in the study, with most aged 21–40 years and a slight female predominance. Half were married, and many had low educational levels, with 308 participants in the upper-lower socio-economic class. Clinical findings showed that 45.5% had a CD4 count of ≤200 cells/μL, indicating advanced immunosuppression. The majority were in WHO Stage II (41.8%) or Stage III (33.3%), with 48.3% experiencing opportunistic infections, predominantly candidiasis (34.3%). Adverse reactions to ART were reported by 22.3% of participants, highlighting treatment challenges. Conclusion: This study highlights the socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV-positive patients in Maharashtra, emphasising the need for tailored public health interventions, partner testing, integrated HIV-TB services, and strengthened public–private partnerships, along with robust IEC activities to enhance awareness and promote safer practices.
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spelling doaj-art-544f966005804339ae7cc8d488d4d0742025-08-20T02:09:37ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Family Medicine and Primary Care2249-48632278-71352025-03-011431104110910.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1698_24Socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-positive patients at an ART (anti-retroviral therapy) centre in western Maharashtra: A cross-sectional studyRicha NaikSwati GhongeSai Mahesh VajjalaIntroduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains a global health challenge, particularly in developing nations like India, with approximately 2.35 million people living with HIV. Socio-demographic factors, including education and socio-economic status, influence infection rates. This study examines the socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV-positive patients at an anti-retroviral therapy (ART) Centre in Maharashtra. Methodology: This single-center, cross-sectional descriptive study assessed the socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV-positive patients at an ART Centre in Western Maharashtra. The sample included 400 participants aged 18 and above, selected via systematic random sampling. Data were collected through a pre-tested questionnaire covering socio-demographic details and clinical parameters, including CD4 counts and opportunistic infections. Statistical analysis was conducted using Jamovi v4.3.2, with ethical clearance obtained from the institutional ethics committee. Informed consent and data confidentiality were maintained. Results: A total of 400 HIV-positive individuals participated in the study, with most aged 21–40 years and a slight female predominance. Half were married, and many had low educational levels, with 308 participants in the upper-lower socio-economic class. Clinical findings showed that 45.5% had a CD4 count of ≤200 cells/μL, indicating advanced immunosuppression. The majority were in WHO Stage II (41.8%) or Stage III (33.3%), with 48.3% experiencing opportunistic infections, predominantly candidiasis (34.3%). Adverse reactions to ART were reported by 22.3% of participants, highlighting treatment challenges. Conclusion: This study highlights the socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV-positive patients in Maharashtra, emphasising the need for tailored public health interventions, partner testing, integrated HIV-TB services, and strengthened public–private partnerships, along with robust IEC activities to enhance awareness and promote safer practices.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1698_24aidsanti-retroviral therapy centrehuman immunodeficiency virus
spellingShingle Richa Naik
Swati Ghonge
Sai Mahesh Vajjala
Socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-positive patients at an ART (anti-retroviral therapy) centre in western Maharashtra: A cross-sectional study
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
aids
anti-retroviral therapy centre
human immunodeficiency virus
title Socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-positive patients at an ART (anti-retroviral therapy) centre in western Maharashtra: A cross-sectional study
title_full Socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-positive patients at an ART (anti-retroviral therapy) centre in western Maharashtra: A cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-positive patients at an ART (anti-retroviral therapy) centre in western Maharashtra: A cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-positive patients at an ART (anti-retroviral therapy) centre in western Maharashtra: A cross-sectional study
title_short Socio-demographic and clinical profiles of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-positive patients at an ART (anti-retroviral therapy) centre in western Maharashtra: A cross-sectional study
title_sort socio demographic and clinical profiles of hiv human immunodeficiency virus positive patients at an art anti retroviral therapy centre in western maharashtra a cross sectional study
topic aids
anti-retroviral therapy centre
human immunodeficiency virus
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1698_24
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