Deep application of controlled-release urea increases the yield and saponin content of Panax notoginseng by regulating soil nitrate distribution
IntroductionThe deep application of controlled-release urea (CRU) offers potential advantages for crops with extended growth periods. However, its effects on P. notoginseng yield and quality, a medicinal plant with a prolonged nutrient acquisition duration, remain unclear.MethodsIn this study, we co...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1505702/full |
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| author | Yun-xia Su Yun-xia Su Yun-xia Su Ping Zhao Li-jie Jia Li-jie Jia Li-jie Jia Yuan-feng Cao Guan-ze Liu Guan-ze Liu Jun-wen Chen Jun-wen Chen Sheng-chao Yang Sheng-chao Yang Yan-li Zhou Guang-qiang Long Guang-qiang Long Guang-qiang Long |
| author_facet | Yun-xia Su Yun-xia Su Yun-xia Su Ping Zhao Li-jie Jia Li-jie Jia Li-jie Jia Yuan-feng Cao Guan-ze Liu Guan-ze Liu Jun-wen Chen Jun-wen Chen Sheng-chao Yang Sheng-chao Yang Yan-li Zhou Guang-qiang Long Guang-qiang Long Guang-qiang Long |
| author_sort | Yun-xia Su |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionThe deep application of controlled-release urea (CRU) offers potential advantages for crops with extended growth periods. However, its effects on P. notoginseng yield and quality, a medicinal plant with a prolonged nutrient acquisition duration, remain unclear.MethodsIn this study, we conducted a two-year field plot experiment to investigate the effect of CRU on P. notoginseng with three placement depths (0, 6, and 12 cm denoted as R0, R6, and R12, respectively) at an application dosage of 250 kg N ha-1 with biochar addition (R6B) and 20% N reduction (R6R) based on the R6, with conventional fertilization (250 kg N ha-1, common urea) serving as the control (CK).ResultsOur results indicated that yields increased by 27.1–37.6% with R0, R6, R12, and R6B, while remaining stable with R6R compared to CK. Simultaneously, the total saponin content in the roots of R6, R6B, and R6R was improved by 14.3–38.1%, compared to CK. The distribution depth of soil NO3⁻-N and plant roots increased with the depth of CRU application, with a high overlap in time and space, indicating P. notoginseng N uptake peaked when CRU was applied at a depth of 6 cm (R6). Structural equation modeling indicated that soil NO3⁻-N supply in specific microareas directly affected the N uptake and increased total saponin content by increasing root length and surface area, thus boosting yield.ConclusionThis study identifies that the deep application of CRU at a depth of 6 cm has the potential to enhance both yield and quality of P. notoginseng and highlights that the spatial-temporal matching of soil NO₃⁻-N and plant roots was the key to applying CRU to ensure high yield and quality. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5447debb60ee49779c423fef82857d05 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-5447debb60ee49779c423fef82857d052025-01-23T06:56:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2025-01-011510.3389/fpls.2024.15057021505702Deep application of controlled-release urea increases the yield and saponin content of Panax notoginseng by regulating soil nitrate distributionYun-xia Su0Yun-xia Su1Yun-xia Su2Ping Zhao3Li-jie Jia4Li-jie Jia5Li-jie Jia6Yuan-feng Cao7Guan-ze Liu8Guan-ze Liu9Jun-wen Chen10Jun-wen Chen11Sheng-chao Yang12Sheng-chao Yang13Yan-li Zhou14Guang-qiang Long15Guang-qiang Long16Guang-qiang Long17Yunnan Agricultural University, College of Environment and Resources, Kunming, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaYunnan Agricultural University National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Kunming, ChinaYunnan Agricultural University, College of Environment and Resources, Kunming, ChinaYunnan Agricultural University, College of Environment and Resources, Kunming, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaYunnan Agricultural University National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Kunming, ChinaYunnan Agricultural University, College of Environment and Resources, Kunming, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaYunnan Agricultural University National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Kunming, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaYunnan Agricultural University National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Kunming, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaYunnan Agricultural University National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Kunming, ChinaGermplasm Bank of Wild Species & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, ChinaYunnan Agricultural University, College of Environment and Resources, Kunming, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaYunnan Agricultural University National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Kunming, ChinaIntroductionThe deep application of controlled-release urea (CRU) offers potential advantages for crops with extended growth periods. However, its effects on P. notoginseng yield and quality, a medicinal plant with a prolonged nutrient acquisition duration, remain unclear.MethodsIn this study, we conducted a two-year field plot experiment to investigate the effect of CRU on P. notoginseng with three placement depths (0, 6, and 12 cm denoted as R0, R6, and R12, respectively) at an application dosage of 250 kg N ha-1 with biochar addition (R6B) and 20% N reduction (R6R) based on the R6, with conventional fertilization (250 kg N ha-1, common urea) serving as the control (CK).ResultsOur results indicated that yields increased by 27.1–37.6% with R0, R6, R12, and R6B, while remaining stable with R6R compared to CK. Simultaneously, the total saponin content in the roots of R6, R6B, and R6R was improved by 14.3–38.1%, compared to CK. The distribution depth of soil NO3⁻-N and plant roots increased with the depth of CRU application, with a high overlap in time and space, indicating P. notoginseng N uptake peaked when CRU was applied at a depth of 6 cm (R6). Structural equation modeling indicated that soil NO3⁻-N supply in specific microareas directly affected the N uptake and increased total saponin content by increasing root length and surface area, thus boosting yield.ConclusionThis study identifies that the deep application of CRU at a depth of 6 cm has the potential to enhance both yield and quality of P. notoginseng and highlights that the spatial-temporal matching of soil NO₃⁻-N and plant roots was the key to applying CRU to ensure high yield and quality.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1505702/fulldeep applicationyieldsaponin contentnitrate nitrogen distributioncontrolled-release urea |
| spellingShingle | Yun-xia Su Yun-xia Su Yun-xia Su Ping Zhao Li-jie Jia Li-jie Jia Li-jie Jia Yuan-feng Cao Guan-ze Liu Guan-ze Liu Jun-wen Chen Jun-wen Chen Sheng-chao Yang Sheng-chao Yang Yan-li Zhou Guang-qiang Long Guang-qiang Long Guang-qiang Long Deep application of controlled-release urea increases the yield and saponin content of Panax notoginseng by regulating soil nitrate distribution Frontiers in Plant Science deep application yield saponin content nitrate nitrogen distribution controlled-release urea |
| title | Deep application of controlled-release urea increases the yield and saponin content of Panax notoginseng by regulating soil nitrate distribution |
| title_full | Deep application of controlled-release urea increases the yield and saponin content of Panax notoginseng by regulating soil nitrate distribution |
| title_fullStr | Deep application of controlled-release urea increases the yield and saponin content of Panax notoginseng by regulating soil nitrate distribution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deep application of controlled-release urea increases the yield and saponin content of Panax notoginseng by regulating soil nitrate distribution |
| title_short | Deep application of controlled-release urea increases the yield and saponin content of Panax notoginseng by regulating soil nitrate distribution |
| title_sort | deep application of controlled release urea increases the yield and saponin content of panax notoginseng by regulating soil nitrate distribution |
| topic | deep application yield saponin content nitrate nitrogen distribution controlled-release urea |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1505702/full |
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