Private Blockchain-Driven Digital Evidence Management Systems: A Collaborative Mining and NFT-Based Framework

Secure Digital Evidence Management Systems (DEMSs) ae crucial for law enforcement agencies, because traditional systems are prone to tampering and unauthorised access. Blockchain technology, particularly private blockchains, offers a solution by providing a centralised and tamper-proof system. This...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Butrus Mbimbi, David Murray, Michael Wilson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Information
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/7/616
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850077171445399552
author Butrus Mbimbi
David Murray
Michael Wilson
author_facet Butrus Mbimbi
David Murray
Michael Wilson
author_sort Butrus Mbimbi
collection DOAJ
description Secure Digital Evidence Management Systems (DEMSs) ae crucial for law enforcement agencies, because traditional systems are prone to tampering and unauthorised access. Blockchain technology, particularly private blockchains, offers a solution by providing a centralised and tamper-proof system. This study proposes a private blockchain using Proof of Work (PoW) to securely manage digital evidence. Miners are assigned specific nonce ranges to accelerate the mining process, called collaborative mining, to enhance the scalability challenges in DEMSs. Transaction data includes digital evidence to generate a Non-Fungible Token (NFT). Miners use NFTs to solve the puzzle according to the assigned difficulty level <i>d</i>, so as to generate a hash using SHA-256 and add it to the ledger. Users can verify the integrity and authenticity of records by re-generating the hash and comparing it with the one stored in the ledger. Our results show that the data was verified with 100% precision. The mining time was <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>2.5</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> s, and the nonce iterations were as high as <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>80</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>3</mn></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. This approach improves the scalability and integrity of digital evidence management by reducing the overall mining time.
format Article
id doaj-art-543c024c87df485cbe036edc46cd187b
institution DOAJ
issn 2078-2489
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Information
spelling doaj-art-543c024c87df485cbe036edc46cd187b2025-08-20T02:45:52ZengMDPI AGInformation2078-24892025-07-0116761610.3390/info16070616Private Blockchain-Driven Digital Evidence Management Systems: A Collaborative Mining and NFT-Based FrameworkButrus Mbimbi0David Murray1Michael Wilson2School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, AustraliaSchool of Information Technology, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, AustraliaSchool of Law and Criminology, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, AustraliaSecure Digital Evidence Management Systems (DEMSs) ae crucial for law enforcement agencies, because traditional systems are prone to tampering and unauthorised access. Blockchain technology, particularly private blockchains, offers a solution by providing a centralised and tamper-proof system. This study proposes a private blockchain using Proof of Work (PoW) to securely manage digital evidence. Miners are assigned specific nonce ranges to accelerate the mining process, called collaborative mining, to enhance the scalability challenges in DEMSs. Transaction data includes digital evidence to generate a Non-Fungible Token (NFT). Miners use NFTs to solve the puzzle according to the assigned difficulty level <i>d</i>, so as to generate a hash using SHA-256 and add it to the ledger. Users can verify the integrity and authenticity of records by re-generating the hash and comparing it with the one stored in the ledger. Our results show that the data was verified with 100% precision. The mining time was <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>2.5</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> s, and the nonce iterations were as high as <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>80</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>3</mn></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. This approach improves the scalability and integrity of digital evidence management by reducing the overall mining time.https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/7/616BlockchainProof of Work (PoW)Collaborative MiningDigital EvidenceNon-Fungible Token (NFT)
spellingShingle Butrus Mbimbi
David Murray
Michael Wilson
Private Blockchain-Driven Digital Evidence Management Systems: A Collaborative Mining and NFT-Based Framework
Information
Blockchain
Proof of Work (PoW)
Collaborative Mining
Digital Evidence
Non-Fungible Token (NFT)
title Private Blockchain-Driven Digital Evidence Management Systems: A Collaborative Mining and NFT-Based Framework
title_full Private Blockchain-Driven Digital Evidence Management Systems: A Collaborative Mining and NFT-Based Framework
title_fullStr Private Blockchain-Driven Digital Evidence Management Systems: A Collaborative Mining and NFT-Based Framework
title_full_unstemmed Private Blockchain-Driven Digital Evidence Management Systems: A Collaborative Mining and NFT-Based Framework
title_short Private Blockchain-Driven Digital Evidence Management Systems: A Collaborative Mining and NFT-Based Framework
title_sort private blockchain driven digital evidence management systems a collaborative mining and nft based framework
topic Blockchain
Proof of Work (PoW)
Collaborative Mining
Digital Evidence
Non-Fungible Token (NFT)
url https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/7/616
work_keys_str_mv AT butrusmbimbi privateblockchaindrivendigitalevidencemanagementsystemsacollaborativeminingandnftbasedframework
AT davidmurray privateblockchaindrivendigitalevidencemanagementsystemsacollaborativeminingandnftbasedframework
AT michaelwilson privateblockchaindrivendigitalevidencemanagementsystemsacollaborativeminingandnftbasedframework