Genital infections in high-risk human papillomavirus positive Paraguayan women aged 30-64 with and without cervical lesions.

<h4>Objective</h4>To determine the prevalence of genital infections (GIs), including sexual transmitted STIs: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis, and opportunistic pathogens that generally do not cause STIs, non-classic STI: Ureapla...

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Main Authors: Alanis Arévalos, Adriana Valenzuela, Pamela Mongelós, Hernán Barrios, María Isabel Rodríguez, Romina Báez, Claudia Centurión, Jaime Vester, Ana Soilán, Marina Ortega, Lorena Meza, Malvina Páez, Amalia Castro, Carmen Cristaldo, Ana Soskin, Gerardo Deluca, Armando Baena, Rolando Herrero, Maribel Almonte, Elena Kasamatsu, Laura Mendoza, ESTAMPA Paraguayan Study Group
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2024-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312947
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author Alanis Arévalos
Adriana Valenzuela
Pamela Mongelós
Hernán Barrios
María Isabel Rodríguez
Romina Báez
Claudia Centurión
Jaime Vester
Ana Soilán
Marina Ortega
Lorena Meza
Malvina Páez
Amalia Castro
Carmen Cristaldo
Ana Soskin
Gerardo Deluca
Armando Baena
Rolando Herrero
Maribel Almonte
Elena Kasamatsu
Laura Mendoza
ESTAMPA Paraguayan Study Group
author_facet Alanis Arévalos
Adriana Valenzuela
Pamela Mongelós
Hernán Barrios
María Isabel Rodríguez
Romina Báez
Claudia Centurión
Jaime Vester
Ana Soilán
Marina Ortega
Lorena Meza
Malvina Páez
Amalia Castro
Carmen Cristaldo
Ana Soskin
Gerardo Deluca
Armando Baena
Rolando Herrero
Maribel Almonte
Elena Kasamatsu
Laura Mendoza
ESTAMPA Paraguayan Study Group
author_sort Alanis Arévalos
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Objective</h4>To determine the prevalence of genital infections (GIs), including sexual transmitted STIs: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis, and opportunistic pathogens that generally do not cause STIs, non-classic STI: Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum and Mycoplasma hominis, in women with high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) infection and their association with cervical lesions.<h4>Methods</h4>A cross-sectional study was carried out including 231 hr-HPV positive women. Of these, 46 has histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (CIN3) or more (including CIN3 and cervical cancer lesions-CIN3+). GIs were detected by multiplex real time PCR. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated to explore possible associations between GIs and the presence or absence of CIN3+ lesions. Additionally, we examined associations between sociodemographic, sexual, and clinical characteristics and the presence of GIs.<h4>Results</h4>In total, there were 174/231 cases of GIs corresponding to an overall prevalence of 75.3% (95%CI: 69.4-80.4), being non-classic STIs the most common (72.3%) compared to STIs (12.6%). The most prevalent non-classic STI and STI were U. parvum (49.8%) and C. trachomatis (7.4%), respectively. The odds of presenting GIs were 3 times higher in women under 46 years compared to older counterparts (OR: 3.32, 95%CI: 1.74-6.16), and in women with a normal Pap smear with inflammation compared to those without inflammation (OR: 3.31, 95%CI: 1.15-9.77). GIs were equally present in women with and without CIN3+ lesions.<h4>Conclusion</h4>We observed an association of GIs with inflammation in the Pap smear, but no association with CIN3+, as some of them are very common and likely part of the normal vaginal flora, suggesting that such infections do not appear to be cofactors in cervical carcinogenesis, although larger prospective studies are needed.
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spelling doaj-art-5432866eaae54a5f85eb145938c046a42025-08-20T02:31:41ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032024-01-011910e031294710.1371/journal.pone.0312947Genital infections in high-risk human papillomavirus positive Paraguayan women aged 30-64 with and without cervical lesions.Alanis ArévalosAdriana ValenzuelaPamela MongelósHernán BarriosMaría Isabel RodríguezRomina BáezClaudia CenturiónJaime VesterAna SoilánMarina OrtegaLorena MezaMalvina PáezAmalia CastroCarmen CristaldoAna SoskinGerardo DelucaArmando BaenaRolando HerreroMaribel AlmonteElena KasamatsuLaura MendozaESTAMPA Paraguayan Study Group<h4>Objective</h4>To determine the prevalence of genital infections (GIs), including sexual transmitted STIs: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis, and opportunistic pathogens that generally do not cause STIs, non-classic STI: Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum and Mycoplasma hominis, in women with high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) infection and their association with cervical lesions.<h4>Methods</h4>A cross-sectional study was carried out including 231 hr-HPV positive women. Of these, 46 has histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (CIN3) or more (including CIN3 and cervical cancer lesions-CIN3+). GIs were detected by multiplex real time PCR. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated to explore possible associations between GIs and the presence or absence of CIN3+ lesions. Additionally, we examined associations between sociodemographic, sexual, and clinical characteristics and the presence of GIs.<h4>Results</h4>In total, there were 174/231 cases of GIs corresponding to an overall prevalence of 75.3% (95%CI: 69.4-80.4), being non-classic STIs the most common (72.3%) compared to STIs (12.6%). The most prevalent non-classic STI and STI were U. parvum (49.8%) and C. trachomatis (7.4%), respectively. The odds of presenting GIs were 3 times higher in women under 46 years compared to older counterparts (OR: 3.32, 95%CI: 1.74-6.16), and in women with a normal Pap smear with inflammation compared to those without inflammation (OR: 3.31, 95%CI: 1.15-9.77). GIs were equally present in women with and without CIN3+ lesions.<h4>Conclusion</h4>We observed an association of GIs with inflammation in the Pap smear, but no association with CIN3+, as some of them are very common and likely part of the normal vaginal flora, suggesting that such infections do not appear to be cofactors in cervical carcinogenesis, although larger prospective studies are needed.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312947
spellingShingle Alanis Arévalos
Adriana Valenzuela
Pamela Mongelós
Hernán Barrios
María Isabel Rodríguez
Romina Báez
Claudia Centurión
Jaime Vester
Ana Soilán
Marina Ortega
Lorena Meza
Malvina Páez
Amalia Castro
Carmen Cristaldo
Ana Soskin
Gerardo Deluca
Armando Baena
Rolando Herrero
Maribel Almonte
Elena Kasamatsu
Laura Mendoza
ESTAMPA Paraguayan Study Group
Genital infections in high-risk human papillomavirus positive Paraguayan women aged 30-64 with and without cervical lesions.
PLoS ONE
title Genital infections in high-risk human papillomavirus positive Paraguayan women aged 30-64 with and without cervical lesions.
title_full Genital infections in high-risk human papillomavirus positive Paraguayan women aged 30-64 with and without cervical lesions.
title_fullStr Genital infections in high-risk human papillomavirus positive Paraguayan women aged 30-64 with and without cervical lesions.
title_full_unstemmed Genital infections in high-risk human papillomavirus positive Paraguayan women aged 30-64 with and without cervical lesions.
title_short Genital infections in high-risk human papillomavirus positive Paraguayan women aged 30-64 with and without cervical lesions.
title_sort genital infections in high risk human papillomavirus positive paraguayan women aged 30 64 with and without cervical lesions
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312947
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