Scientific Machine Learning for Guided Wave and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Propagation: PgNN, PeNN, PINN, and Neural Operator
The governing Partial Differential Equation (PDE) for wave propagation or the wave equation involves multi-scale and multi-dimensional oscillatory phenomena. Wave PDE challenges traditional computational methods due to high computational costs with rigid assumptions. The advent of scientific machine...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| author | Nafisa Mehtaj Sourav Banerjee |
| author_facet | Nafisa Mehtaj Sourav Banerjee |
| author_sort | Nafisa Mehtaj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The governing Partial Differential Equation (PDE) for wave propagation or the wave equation involves multi-scale and multi-dimensional oscillatory phenomena. Wave PDE challenges traditional computational methods due to high computational costs with rigid assumptions. The advent of scientific machine learning (SciML) presents a novel paradigm by embedding physical laws within neural network architectures, enabling efficient and accurate solutions. This study explores the evolution of SciML approaches, focusing on PINNs, and evaluates their application in modeling acoustic, elastic, and guided wave propagation. PINN is a gray-box predictive model that offers the strong predictive capabilities of data-driven models but also adheres to the physical laws. Through theoretical analysis and problem-driven examples, the findings demonstrate that PINNs address key limitations of traditional methods, including discretization errors and computational inefficiencies, while offering robust predictive capabilities. Despite current challenges, such as optimization difficulties and scalability constraints, PINNs hold transformative potential for advancing wave propagation modeling. This comprehensive study underscores the transformative potential of PINN, followed by recommendations on why and how it could advance elastic, acoustic, and guided wave propagation modeling and sets the stage for future research in the field of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM)/Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-542e51df71ed4d0bae4b8380675f2c7d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-542e51df71ed4d0bae4b8380675f2c7d2025-08-20T02:53:23ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-02-01255140110.3390/s25051401Scientific Machine Learning for Guided Wave and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Propagation: PgNN, PeNN, PINN, and Neural OperatorNafisa Mehtaj0Sourav Banerjee1Integrated Material Assessment and Predictive Simulation Laboratory (iMAPS), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Molinaroli College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29201, USAIntegrated Material Assessment and Predictive Simulation Laboratory (iMAPS), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Molinaroli College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29201, USAThe governing Partial Differential Equation (PDE) for wave propagation or the wave equation involves multi-scale and multi-dimensional oscillatory phenomena. Wave PDE challenges traditional computational methods due to high computational costs with rigid assumptions. The advent of scientific machine learning (SciML) presents a novel paradigm by embedding physical laws within neural network architectures, enabling efficient and accurate solutions. This study explores the evolution of SciML approaches, focusing on PINNs, and evaluates their application in modeling acoustic, elastic, and guided wave propagation. PINN is a gray-box predictive model that offers the strong predictive capabilities of data-driven models but also adheres to the physical laws. Through theoretical analysis and problem-driven examples, the findings demonstrate that PINNs address key limitations of traditional methods, including discretization errors and computational inefficiencies, while offering robust predictive capabilities. Despite current challenges, such as optimization difficulties and scalability constraints, PINNs hold transformative potential for advancing wave propagation modeling. This comprehensive study underscores the transformative potential of PINN, followed by recommendations on why and how it could advance elastic, acoustic, and guided wave propagation modeling and sets the stage for future research in the field of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM)/Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE).https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/5/1401scientific machine learningwave propagationphysics-guided neural networkphysics-informed neural networkphysics-encoded neural networkneural operator |
| spellingShingle | Nafisa Mehtaj Sourav Banerjee Scientific Machine Learning for Guided Wave and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Propagation: PgNN, PeNN, PINN, and Neural Operator Sensors scientific machine learning wave propagation physics-guided neural network physics-informed neural network physics-encoded neural network neural operator |
| title | Scientific Machine Learning for Guided Wave and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Propagation: PgNN, PeNN, PINN, and Neural Operator |
| title_full | Scientific Machine Learning for Guided Wave and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Propagation: PgNN, PeNN, PINN, and Neural Operator |
| title_fullStr | Scientific Machine Learning for Guided Wave and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Propagation: PgNN, PeNN, PINN, and Neural Operator |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scientific Machine Learning for Guided Wave and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Propagation: PgNN, PeNN, PINN, and Neural Operator |
| title_short | Scientific Machine Learning for Guided Wave and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Propagation: PgNN, PeNN, PINN, and Neural Operator |
| title_sort | scientific machine learning for guided wave and surface acoustic wave saw propagation pgnn penn pinn and neural operator |
| topic | scientific machine learning wave propagation physics-guided neural network physics-informed neural network physics-encoded neural network neural operator |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/5/1401 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nafisamehtaj scientificmachinelearningforguidedwaveandsurfaceacousticwavesawpropagationpgnnpennpinnandneuraloperator AT souravbanerjee scientificmachinelearningforguidedwaveandsurfaceacousticwavesawpropagationpgnnpennpinnandneuraloperator |