Assessment of Salivary Biomarkers as Predictors of Periodontal Disease Severity in Smokers and Nonsmokers

Assessment of Salivary Biomarkers as Predictors of Periodontal Disease Severity in Smokers and Nonsmokers

Background: Inflammatory periodontal disease exists as a chronic condition in which multiple elements including smoking act to affect. Noninvasive salivary biomarkers represent tools that professionals now utilize to evaluate the severity of periodontal disease. Materials and Methods: A sample of 10...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ravindranath Dhulipalla, Vijaya Krishna Prasad Vudathaneni, Ruparani Bodduru, Swetha Bharathi Nadella, Asritha Kondapaneni, Ramanarayana Boyapati
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences
Subjects:
il-1β
mmp-8
noninvasive diagnostics
periodontal disease
salivary biomarkers
smoking
tnf-α
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_477_25
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