Beneficial or Harmful Role of Macrophages in Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an immune-mediated demyelinating peripheral neuropathy, is characterized by acute weakness of the extremities and areflexia or hyporeflexia. Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a common animal model for GBS, which represents a CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammatory au...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2018-01-01
|
| Series: | Mediators of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4286364 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849406355960496128 |
|---|---|
| author | Donghui Shen Fengna Chu Yue Lang Yunlong Geng Xiangyu Zheng Jie Zhu Kangding Liu |
| author_facet | Donghui Shen Fengna Chu Yue Lang Yunlong Geng Xiangyu Zheng Jie Zhu Kangding Liu |
| author_sort | Donghui Shen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an immune-mediated demyelinating peripheral neuropathy, is characterized by acute weakness of the extremities and areflexia or hyporeflexia. Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a common animal model for GBS, which represents a CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammatory autoimmune demyelination of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and is used to investigate the pathogenic mechanism of GBS. It has been found that macrophages play a critical role in the pathogenesis of both GBS and EAN. Macrophages have been primarily classified into two major phenotypes: proinflammatory macrophages (M1) and anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2). The two different macrophage subsets M1 and M2 may play a decisive role in initiation and development of GBS and EAN. However, recently, it has been indicated that the roles of macrophages in immune regulation and autoimmune diseases are more complex than those suggested by a simple M1-M2 dichotomy. Macrophages might exert either inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effect by secreting pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines, and either inducing the activation of T cells to mediate immune response, resulting in inflammation and demyelination in the PNS, or promoting disease recovery. In this review, we summarize the dual roles of macrophages in GBS and EAN and explore the mechanism of macrophage polarization to provide a potential therapeutic approach for GBS in the future. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-540fadc78eb34198aa95d52073ca0f7b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0962-9351 1466-1861 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mediators of Inflammation |
| spelling | doaj-art-540fadc78eb34198aa95d52073ca0f7b2025-08-20T03:36:25ZengWileyMediators of Inflammation0962-93511466-18612018-01-01201810.1155/2018/42863644286364Beneficial or Harmful Role of Macrophages in Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Experimental Autoimmune NeuritisDonghui Shen0Fengna Chu1Yue Lang2Yunlong Geng3Xiangyu Zheng4Jie Zhu5Kangding Liu6Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaNeuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaNeuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaNeuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaNeuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaNeuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaNeuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaGuillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an immune-mediated demyelinating peripheral neuropathy, is characterized by acute weakness of the extremities and areflexia or hyporeflexia. Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a common animal model for GBS, which represents a CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammatory autoimmune demyelination of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and is used to investigate the pathogenic mechanism of GBS. It has been found that macrophages play a critical role in the pathogenesis of both GBS and EAN. Macrophages have been primarily classified into two major phenotypes: proinflammatory macrophages (M1) and anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2). The two different macrophage subsets M1 and M2 may play a decisive role in initiation and development of GBS and EAN. However, recently, it has been indicated that the roles of macrophages in immune regulation and autoimmune diseases are more complex than those suggested by a simple M1-M2 dichotomy. Macrophages might exert either inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effect by secreting pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines, and either inducing the activation of T cells to mediate immune response, resulting in inflammation and demyelination in the PNS, or promoting disease recovery. In this review, we summarize the dual roles of macrophages in GBS and EAN and explore the mechanism of macrophage polarization to provide a potential therapeutic approach for GBS in the future.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4286364 |
| spellingShingle | Donghui Shen Fengna Chu Yue Lang Yunlong Geng Xiangyu Zheng Jie Zhu Kangding Liu Beneficial or Harmful Role of Macrophages in Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis Mediators of Inflammation |
| title | Beneficial or Harmful Role of Macrophages in Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis |
| title_full | Beneficial or Harmful Role of Macrophages in Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis |
| title_fullStr | Beneficial or Harmful Role of Macrophages in Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beneficial or Harmful Role of Macrophages in Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis |
| title_short | Beneficial or Harmful Role of Macrophages in Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis |
| title_sort | beneficial or harmful role of macrophages in guillain barre syndrome and experimental autoimmune neuritis |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4286364 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT donghuishen beneficialorharmfulroleofmacrophagesinguillainbarresyndromeandexperimentalautoimmuneneuritis AT fengnachu beneficialorharmfulroleofmacrophagesinguillainbarresyndromeandexperimentalautoimmuneneuritis AT yuelang beneficialorharmfulroleofmacrophagesinguillainbarresyndromeandexperimentalautoimmuneneuritis AT yunlonggeng beneficialorharmfulroleofmacrophagesinguillainbarresyndromeandexperimentalautoimmuneneuritis AT xiangyuzheng beneficialorharmfulroleofmacrophagesinguillainbarresyndromeandexperimentalautoimmuneneuritis AT jiezhu beneficialorharmfulroleofmacrophagesinguillainbarresyndromeandexperimentalautoimmuneneuritis AT kangdingliu beneficialorharmfulroleofmacrophagesinguillainbarresyndromeandexperimentalautoimmuneneuritis |