The effect of repetitive and Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on quantitative electroencephalography in major depressive disorder
BackgroundF-8-coil repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and H-1-coil deep repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) have been indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adult patients by applying different treatment protocols. Nevertheless, the evidenc...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1473743/full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841558767767912448 |
|---|---|
| author | Reyhan Ilhan Reyhan Ilhan Mehmet Kemal Arikan Mehmet Kemal Arikan |
| author_facet | Reyhan Ilhan Reyhan Ilhan Mehmet Kemal Arikan Mehmet Kemal Arikan |
| author_sort | Reyhan Ilhan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundF-8-coil repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and H-1-coil deep repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) have been indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adult patients by applying different treatment protocols. Nevertheless, the evidence for long-term electrophysiological alterations in the cortex following prolonged TMS interventions, as assessed by quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG), remains insufficiently explored. This study aims to demonstrate the qEEG-based distinctions between rTMS and dTMS in the management of depression and to evaluate the potential correlation between the electrophysiological changes induced by these two distinct TMS interventions and the clinical improvement in depressive and anxiety symptoms.MethodsA total of 60 patients diagnosed with treatment resistant depression received rTMS (n = 30) or dTMS (n = 30) along with their usual treatments in Kemal Arıkan Psychiatry Clinic. All the participants underwent resting-state qEEG recording before and at the end of 30 sessions of TMS treatment. The significant qEEG changes were then tested for their correlation with the improvement in depression and anxiety.ResultsAfter the course of rTMS and dTMS a considerable reduction is seen in the severity of depression and anxiety. Although improvements in depression and anxiety were observed in both TMS groups, specific neural activity patterns were associated with better outcomes in depression. Patients who exhibited lower alpha activity in the left fronto-central region and higher gamma activity in the right prefrontal region following rTMS showed more significant improvements in depression symptoms. Similarly, those whose beta activity increased in the left prefrontal region but decreased in the right prefrontal region after rTMS tended to have greater reductions in depression and anxiety severity. For patients in the dTMS group, those who demonstrated a decrease in left temporal theta activity after treatment were more likely to experience a substantial improvement in depression severity.ConclusionFollowing 30 sessions of rTMS with a F8 coil and dTMS with an H1 coil, notable alterations in qEEG activity with clinical significance were discerned. The persistence of these changes should be investigated in the subsequent follow-up period. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-53de689181a941fc9367c7302cbe196c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj-art-53de689181a941fc9367c7302cbe196c2025-01-06T06:58:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402025-01-011510.3389/fpsyt.2024.14737431473743The effect of repetitive and Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on quantitative electroencephalography in major depressive disorderReyhan Ilhan0Reyhan Ilhan1Mehmet Kemal Arikan2Mehmet Kemal Arikan3Department of Psychiatry, Kemal Arıkan Psychiatry Clinic, Istanbul, TürkiyeNeuroscience Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Uskudar University, Istanbul, TürkiyeDepartment of Psychiatry, Kemal Arıkan Psychiatry Clinic, Istanbul, TürkiyeDepartment of Mental Health and Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Uskudar University, Istanbul, TürkiyeBackgroundF-8-coil repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and H-1-coil deep repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) have been indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adult patients by applying different treatment protocols. Nevertheless, the evidence for long-term electrophysiological alterations in the cortex following prolonged TMS interventions, as assessed by quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG), remains insufficiently explored. This study aims to demonstrate the qEEG-based distinctions between rTMS and dTMS in the management of depression and to evaluate the potential correlation between the electrophysiological changes induced by these two distinct TMS interventions and the clinical improvement in depressive and anxiety symptoms.MethodsA total of 60 patients diagnosed with treatment resistant depression received rTMS (n = 30) or dTMS (n = 30) along with their usual treatments in Kemal Arıkan Psychiatry Clinic. All the participants underwent resting-state qEEG recording before and at the end of 30 sessions of TMS treatment. The significant qEEG changes were then tested for their correlation with the improvement in depression and anxiety.ResultsAfter the course of rTMS and dTMS a considerable reduction is seen in the severity of depression and anxiety. Although improvements in depression and anxiety were observed in both TMS groups, specific neural activity patterns were associated with better outcomes in depression. Patients who exhibited lower alpha activity in the left fronto-central region and higher gamma activity in the right prefrontal region following rTMS showed more significant improvements in depression symptoms. Similarly, those whose beta activity increased in the left prefrontal region but decreased in the right prefrontal region after rTMS tended to have greater reductions in depression and anxiety severity. For patients in the dTMS group, those who demonstrated a decrease in left temporal theta activity after treatment were more likely to experience a substantial improvement in depression severity.ConclusionFollowing 30 sessions of rTMS with a F8 coil and dTMS with an H1 coil, notable alterations in qEEG activity with clinical significance were discerned. The persistence of these changes should be investigated in the subsequent follow-up period.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1473743/fullEEGTMSMDDdeltathetaalpha |
| spellingShingle | Reyhan Ilhan Reyhan Ilhan Mehmet Kemal Arikan Mehmet Kemal Arikan The effect of repetitive and Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on quantitative electroencephalography in major depressive disorder Frontiers in Psychiatry EEG TMS MDD delta theta alpha |
| title | The effect of repetitive and Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on quantitative electroencephalography in major depressive disorder |
| title_full | The effect of repetitive and Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on quantitative electroencephalography in major depressive disorder |
| title_fullStr | The effect of repetitive and Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on quantitative electroencephalography in major depressive disorder |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of repetitive and Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on quantitative electroencephalography in major depressive disorder |
| title_short | The effect of repetitive and Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on quantitative electroencephalography in major depressive disorder |
| title_sort | effect of repetitive and deep transcranial magnetic stimulation on quantitative electroencephalography in major depressive disorder |
| topic | EEG TMS MDD delta theta alpha |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1473743/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT reyhanilhan theeffectofrepetitiveanddeeptranscranialmagneticstimulationonquantitativeelectroencephalographyinmajordepressivedisorder AT reyhanilhan theeffectofrepetitiveanddeeptranscranialmagneticstimulationonquantitativeelectroencephalographyinmajordepressivedisorder AT mehmetkemalarikan theeffectofrepetitiveanddeeptranscranialmagneticstimulationonquantitativeelectroencephalographyinmajordepressivedisorder AT mehmetkemalarikan theeffectofrepetitiveanddeeptranscranialmagneticstimulationonquantitativeelectroencephalographyinmajordepressivedisorder AT reyhanilhan effectofrepetitiveanddeeptranscranialmagneticstimulationonquantitativeelectroencephalographyinmajordepressivedisorder AT reyhanilhan effectofrepetitiveanddeeptranscranialmagneticstimulationonquantitativeelectroencephalographyinmajordepressivedisorder AT mehmetkemalarikan effectofrepetitiveanddeeptranscranialmagneticstimulationonquantitativeelectroencephalographyinmajordepressivedisorder AT mehmetkemalarikan effectofrepetitiveanddeeptranscranialmagneticstimulationonquantitativeelectroencephalographyinmajordepressivedisorder |