Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Prevention of Cardiovascular Risk

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome is characterised by the presence of apnoea or obstructive hypopnoea during sleep, accompanied by hypoxia. It is estimated that the syndrome affects approximately 10% of men and 15% of women. Diagnosis and treatment rates have increased in recent years, but the...

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Main Authors: María Pilar Resano-Barrio, Ramón Arroyo-Espliguero, María Carmen Viana-Llamas, Olga Mediano
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Radcliffe Medical Media 2020-09-01
Series:European Cardiology Review
Online Access:https://www.ecrjournal.com/articles/obstructive-sleep-apnoea-syndrome
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author María Pilar Resano-Barrio
Ramón Arroyo-Espliguero
María Carmen Viana-Llamas
Olga Mediano
author_facet María Pilar Resano-Barrio
Ramón Arroyo-Espliguero
María Carmen Viana-Llamas
Olga Mediano
author_sort María Pilar Resano-Barrio
collection DOAJ
description Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome is characterised by the presence of apnoea or obstructive hypopnoea during sleep, accompanied by hypoxia. It is estimated that the syndrome affects approximately 10% of men and 15% of women. Diagnosis and treatment rates have increased in recent years, but the condition remains undiagnosed in a high percentage of patients. Recent evidence suggests that OSA may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The relationship between OSA and cardiovascular disease can be explained, at least in part, by the coexistence of cardiovascular risk factors in the two pathologies, such as age, overweight, smoking and sedentary lifestyle. However, OSA has been independently associated with the risk of developing hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, ischaemic heart disease, heart failure and arrhythmias. Clinical trials that have evaluated the efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention have not demonstrated a significant reduction in the incidence or recurrence of cardiovascular events. This article analyses the relationship between OSA and cardiovascular risk and discusses recent clinical trials on the efficacy of CPAP in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention.
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publishDate 2020-09-01
publisher Radcliffe Medical Media
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series European Cardiology Review
spelling doaj-art-53d93c7f48fd46cda42e866a214ed6272025-08-20T01:56:41ZengRadcliffe Medical MediaEuropean Cardiology Review1758-37561758-37642020-09-011510.15420/ecr.2020.10Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Prevention of Cardiovascular RiskMaría Pilar Resano-Barrio0Ramón Arroyo-Espliguero1María Carmen Viana-Llamas2Olga Mediano3Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital, Guadalajara, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, University Hospital, Guadalajara, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, University Hospital, Guadalajara, SpainDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital, Guadalajara, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, SpainObstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome is characterised by the presence of apnoea or obstructive hypopnoea during sleep, accompanied by hypoxia. It is estimated that the syndrome affects approximately 10% of men and 15% of women. Diagnosis and treatment rates have increased in recent years, but the condition remains undiagnosed in a high percentage of patients. Recent evidence suggests that OSA may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The relationship between OSA and cardiovascular disease can be explained, at least in part, by the coexistence of cardiovascular risk factors in the two pathologies, such as age, overweight, smoking and sedentary lifestyle. However, OSA has been independently associated with the risk of developing hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, ischaemic heart disease, heart failure and arrhythmias. Clinical trials that have evaluated the efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention have not demonstrated a significant reduction in the incidence or recurrence of cardiovascular events. This article analyses the relationship between OSA and cardiovascular risk and discusses recent clinical trials on the efficacy of CPAP in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention.https://www.ecrjournal.com/articles/obstructive-sleep-apnoea-syndrome
spellingShingle María Pilar Resano-Barrio
Ramón Arroyo-Espliguero
María Carmen Viana-Llamas
Olga Mediano
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Prevention of Cardiovascular Risk
European Cardiology Review
title Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Prevention of Cardiovascular Risk
title_full Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Prevention of Cardiovascular Risk
title_fullStr Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Prevention of Cardiovascular Risk
title_full_unstemmed Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Prevention of Cardiovascular Risk
title_short Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Prevention of Cardiovascular Risk
title_sort obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome continuous positive airway pressure therapy for prevention of cardiovascular risk
url https://www.ecrjournal.com/articles/obstructive-sleep-apnoea-syndrome
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