Direct observation of distinct bulk and edge nonequilibrium spin accumulation in ultrathin MoTe2

Abstract Low-symmetry two-dimensional (2D) topological materials such as MoTe2 host efficient charge-to-spin conversion (CSC) mechanisms that can be harnessed for novel electronic and spintronic devices. However, the nature of the various CSC mechanisms and their correlation with underlying crystal...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Fangchu Chen, Kamal Das, Bowen Yang, Chuangtang Wang, Shazhou Zhong, Diana Golovanova, He Ren, Tianyang Wang, Xuan Luo, Yuping Sun, Liuyan Zhao, Guo-Xing Miao, Binghai Yan, Adam W. Tsen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61550-2
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849768594740609024
author Fangchu Chen
Kamal Das
Bowen Yang
Chuangtang Wang
Shazhou Zhong
Diana Golovanova
He Ren
Tianyang Wang
Xuan Luo
Yuping Sun
Liuyan Zhao
Guo-Xing Miao
Binghai Yan
Adam W. Tsen
author_facet Fangchu Chen
Kamal Das
Bowen Yang
Chuangtang Wang
Shazhou Zhong
Diana Golovanova
He Ren
Tianyang Wang
Xuan Luo
Yuping Sun
Liuyan Zhao
Guo-Xing Miao
Binghai Yan
Adam W. Tsen
author_sort Fangchu Chen
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Low-symmetry two-dimensional (2D) topological materials such as MoTe2 host efficient charge-to-spin conversion (CSC) mechanisms that can be harnessed for novel electronic and spintronic devices. However, the nature of the various CSC mechanisms and their correlation with underlying crystal symmetries remain unsettled. In this work, we use local spin-sensitive electrochemical potential measurements to directly probe the spatially dependent nonequilibrium spin accumulation in MoTe2 flakes down to four atomic layers. We are able to clearly disentangle contributions originating from the spin Hall and Rashba-Edelstein effects and uncover an abundance of unconventional spin polarizations that develop uniquely in the sample bulk and edges with decreasing thickness. Using ab-initio calculations, we construct a unified understanding of all the observed CSC components in relation to the material dimensionality and stacking arrangement. Our findings not only illuminate previous CSC results on MoTe2 but also have important ramifications for future devices that can exploit the local and layer-dependent spin properties of this 2D topological material.
format Article
id doaj-art-53d62b18c1144bb7acce501aa951d592
institution DOAJ
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-53d62b18c1144bb7acce501aa951d5922025-08-20T03:03:44ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-011611810.1038/s41467-025-61550-2Direct observation of distinct bulk and edge nonequilibrium spin accumulation in ultrathin MoTe2Fangchu Chen0Kamal Das1Bowen Yang2Chuangtang Wang3Shazhou Zhong4Diana Golovanova5He Ren6Tianyang Wang7Xuan Luo8Yuping Sun9Liuyan Zhao10Guo-Xing Miao11Binghai Yan12Adam W. Tsen13Institute for Quantum Computing, University of WaterlooDepartment of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of ScienceInstitute for Quantum Computing, University of WaterlooDepartment of Physics, University of MichiganInstitute for Quantum Computing, University of WaterlooDepartment of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of ScienceInstitute for Quantum Computing, University of WaterlooKey Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of SciencesDepartment of Physics, University of MichiganInstitute for Quantum Computing, University of WaterlooDepartment of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of ScienceInstitute for Quantum Computing, University of WaterlooAbstract Low-symmetry two-dimensional (2D) topological materials such as MoTe2 host efficient charge-to-spin conversion (CSC) mechanisms that can be harnessed for novel electronic and spintronic devices. However, the nature of the various CSC mechanisms and their correlation with underlying crystal symmetries remain unsettled. In this work, we use local spin-sensitive electrochemical potential measurements to directly probe the spatially dependent nonequilibrium spin accumulation in MoTe2 flakes down to four atomic layers. We are able to clearly disentangle contributions originating from the spin Hall and Rashba-Edelstein effects and uncover an abundance of unconventional spin polarizations that develop uniquely in the sample bulk and edges with decreasing thickness. Using ab-initio calculations, we construct a unified understanding of all the observed CSC components in relation to the material dimensionality and stacking arrangement. Our findings not only illuminate previous CSC results on MoTe2 but also have important ramifications for future devices that can exploit the local and layer-dependent spin properties of this 2D topological material.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61550-2
spellingShingle Fangchu Chen
Kamal Das
Bowen Yang
Chuangtang Wang
Shazhou Zhong
Diana Golovanova
He Ren
Tianyang Wang
Xuan Luo
Yuping Sun
Liuyan Zhao
Guo-Xing Miao
Binghai Yan
Adam W. Tsen
Direct observation of distinct bulk and edge nonequilibrium spin accumulation in ultrathin MoTe2
Nature Communications
title Direct observation of distinct bulk and edge nonequilibrium spin accumulation in ultrathin MoTe2
title_full Direct observation of distinct bulk and edge nonequilibrium spin accumulation in ultrathin MoTe2
title_fullStr Direct observation of distinct bulk and edge nonequilibrium spin accumulation in ultrathin MoTe2
title_full_unstemmed Direct observation of distinct bulk and edge nonequilibrium spin accumulation in ultrathin MoTe2
title_short Direct observation of distinct bulk and edge nonequilibrium spin accumulation in ultrathin MoTe2
title_sort direct observation of distinct bulk and edge nonequilibrium spin accumulation in ultrathin mote2
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61550-2
work_keys_str_mv AT fangchuchen directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT kamaldas directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT bowenyang directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT chuangtangwang directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT shazhouzhong directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT dianagolovanova directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT heren directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT tianyangwang directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT xuanluo directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT yupingsun directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT liuyanzhao directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT guoxingmiao directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT binghaiyan directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2
AT adamwtsen directobservationofdistinctbulkandedgenonequilibriumspinaccumulationinultrathinmote2