Targeting cuproptosis for cancer therapy: Focus on the anti-tumor immune system

Copper (Cu) is an indispensable micronutrient that maintains signaling pathways and biological homeostasis in almost all cell types; however, its excess affects the tricarboxylic acid cycle, causes the accumulation of fatty acylated proteins, destabilization of iron–sulfur cluster proteins, and incr...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xuan Zhang, Xiaohong Han
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949713224000569
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849713216892960768
author Xuan Zhang
Xiaohong Han
author_facet Xuan Zhang
Xiaohong Han
author_sort Xuan Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Copper (Cu) is an indispensable micronutrient that maintains signaling pathways and biological homeostasis in almost all cell types; however, its excess affects the tricarboxylic acid cycle, causes the accumulation of fatty acylated proteins, destabilization of iron–sulfur cluster proteins, and increases the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species, leading to proteotoxic stress and cell death. Cuproptosis, a form of Cu-dependent cell death, differs from other types of regulated cell death (RCD) and was first reported in Science in 2022. Recently, the RCD pathways have been targeted in cancer therapy. However, the escape of apoptosis in tumor cells causes resistance to treatment and tumor recurrence. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study the alternative mechanisms of cancer cell mortality. Compared to normal patients, a significant increase in serum Cu ion levels has been observed in patients with tumors. Moreover, tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis are associated with cuproptosis. Thus, exploring cancer signaling pathways related to cuproptosis will provide a new perspective for the development of anti-cancer drugs. Importantly, cuproptosis is closely associated with the modulation of anti-tumor immunity. The expression of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) is significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration and the immune checkpoint programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Based on these findings, a series of cuproptosis-related drugs have been used in tumor-targeted combination therapy or as immune synergists. Therefore, elucidating the role of cuproptosis per cancer stage and in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is helpful in clarifying the potential value of Cu in the treatment of specific cancers. In this review, we summarize specific cancer signaling pathways related to cuproptosis and cancer treatment based on the regulation of Cu concentration. The combination of these two approaches may help researchers develop more therapies targeting cuproptosis-related pathways. Importantly, we focused on the effect of cuproptosis on the TIME and systematically discussed the role of CRGs in tumor immunity considering CRG-related anti-tumor immune signaling pathways, tumor prognosis scoring system, anti-tumor immunotherapy, and biological experiments and bioinformatics prediction models, to provide new ideas for the development of anticancer therapy targeting cuproptosis-related pathways.
format Article
id doaj-art-53cb5cccae704224be16c0b01e3f89af
institution DOAJ
issn 2949-7132
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy
spelling doaj-art-53cb5cccae704224be16c0b01e3f89af2025-08-20T03:14:01ZengElsevierCancer Pathogenesis and Therapy2949-71322025-05-013322624310.1016/j.cpt.2024.07.005Targeting cuproptosis for cancer therapy: Focus on the anti-tumor immune systemXuan Zhang0Xiaohong Han1Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical PK & PD Investigation for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, ChinaCorresponding author: Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical PK & PD Investigation for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.; Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical PK & PD Investigation for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, ChinaCopper (Cu) is an indispensable micronutrient that maintains signaling pathways and biological homeostasis in almost all cell types; however, its excess affects the tricarboxylic acid cycle, causes the accumulation of fatty acylated proteins, destabilization of iron–sulfur cluster proteins, and increases the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species, leading to proteotoxic stress and cell death. Cuproptosis, a form of Cu-dependent cell death, differs from other types of regulated cell death (RCD) and was first reported in Science in 2022. Recently, the RCD pathways have been targeted in cancer therapy. However, the escape of apoptosis in tumor cells causes resistance to treatment and tumor recurrence. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study the alternative mechanisms of cancer cell mortality. Compared to normal patients, a significant increase in serum Cu ion levels has been observed in patients with tumors. Moreover, tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis are associated with cuproptosis. Thus, exploring cancer signaling pathways related to cuproptosis will provide a new perspective for the development of anti-cancer drugs. Importantly, cuproptosis is closely associated with the modulation of anti-tumor immunity. The expression of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) is significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration and the immune checkpoint programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Based on these findings, a series of cuproptosis-related drugs have been used in tumor-targeted combination therapy or as immune synergists. Therefore, elucidating the role of cuproptosis per cancer stage and in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is helpful in clarifying the potential value of Cu in the treatment of specific cancers. In this review, we summarize specific cancer signaling pathways related to cuproptosis and cancer treatment based on the regulation of Cu concentration. The combination of these two approaches may help researchers develop more therapies targeting cuproptosis-related pathways. Importantly, we focused on the effect of cuproptosis on the TIME and systematically discussed the role of CRGs in tumor immunity considering CRG-related anti-tumor immune signaling pathways, tumor prognosis scoring system, anti-tumor immunotherapy, and biological experiments and bioinformatics prediction models, to provide new ideas for the development of anticancer therapy targeting cuproptosis-related pathways.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949713224000569CuproptosisCopper homeostasisImmunotherapyDrug synergism
spellingShingle Xuan Zhang
Xiaohong Han
Targeting cuproptosis for cancer therapy: Focus on the anti-tumor immune system
Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy
Cuproptosis
Copper homeostasis
Immunotherapy
Drug synergism
title Targeting cuproptosis for cancer therapy: Focus on the anti-tumor immune system
title_full Targeting cuproptosis for cancer therapy: Focus on the anti-tumor immune system
title_fullStr Targeting cuproptosis for cancer therapy: Focus on the anti-tumor immune system
title_full_unstemmed Targeting cuproptosis for cancer therapy: Focus on the anti-tumor immune system
title_short Targeting cuproptosis for cancer therapy: Focus on the anti-tumor immune system
title_sort targeting cuproptosis for cancer therapy focus on the anti tumor immune system
topic Cuproptosis
Copper homeostasis
Immunotherapy
Drug synergism
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949713224000569
work_keys_str_mv AT xuanzhang targetingcuproptosisforcancertherapyfocusontheantitumorimmunesystem
AT xiaohonghan targetingcuproptosisforcancertherapyfocusontheantitumorimmunesystem