Effect of Haplo-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Timing on Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Without Histocompatible Matched Sibling Donor

Dan Fan,1,* Fang Xiao,1,* Jiayi Zhao,2,* Xue Qian Yan,1 Qiang Liu,1 Li Liu,1 Wen Qing Wang,1 Wei Wei Qin1 1Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, People’s Republic of China; 2Shanghai Institute of Hematology,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Fan D, Xiao F, Zhao J, Yan XQ, Liu Q, Liu L, Wang WQ, Qin WW
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Dove Medical Press 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Blood Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.dovepress.com/effect-of-haplo-allogeneic-hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplantation-tim-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JBM
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849433540353064960
author Fan D
Xiao F
Zhao J
Yan XQ
Liu Q
Liu L
Wang WQ
Qin WW
author_facet Fan D
Xiao F
Zhao J
Yan XQ
Liu Q
Liu L
Wang WQ
Qin WW
author_sort Fan D
collection DOAJ
description Dan Fan,1,* Fang Xiao,1,* Jiayi Zhao,2,* Xue Qian Yan,1 Qiang Liu,1 Li Liu,1 Wen Qing Wang,1 Wei Wei Qin1 1Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, People’s Republic of China; 2Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wei Wei Qin, Email vivianq1126@126.comBackground: Comparative studies on frontline haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT) versus salvage haplo-HSCT after immunosuppressive therapy (IST) failure in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) are limited. To evaluate the effects of different transplantation timing on patient survival, the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and the risk of infection on the outcomes of patients with SAA.Methods: This retrospective study included 82 SAA patients who underwent haplo-HSCT using the “Beijing protocol”. Patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT within 3 months after diagnosis were in the first-line HSCT group, and patients who were treated with initial IST and followed with allogeneic HSCT after treatment failure or relapse were in the salvage HSCT group. Patients were categorized into the frontline HSCT group (n=40, 48.8%) and the salvage HSCT group (n=42, 51.2%) based on transplantation timing. All 82 patients received grafts from related haploidentical donors. Follow-up was until January 1, 2024, and all patients were followed for more than 12 months with a median follow-up of 49 (12– 126) months, except for dead cases.Results: Multivariate analysis identified salvage HSCT (HR: 5.344, 95% CI: 1.904– 14.995), ferritin levels > 1000 (HR: 5.588, 95% CI: 1.696– 18.414), and CMV infection (HR: 11.909, 95% CI: 2.335– 60.725) as independent risk factors for graft failure. The overall survival rate was significantly higher in the front HSCT group (90%, 36/40) compared to the salvage HSCT group (71.4%, 30/42) with mortality rates of 10.0% (4/40) and 28.6% (12/42), respectively (p=0.029). The expected 5-year OS was significantly higher in the frontline HSCT group compared to the salvage group. Salvage HSCT, ECOG score ≥ 1, and ferritin levels > 1000 were identified as independent risk factors for prognosis.Conclusion: Frontline haplo-HSCT demonstrates superior survival and safety compared to salvage haplo-HSCT in young SAA patients without a matched sibling donor, warranting further clinical adoption.Keywords: salvage haploidentical transplantation, frontline haploidentical transplantation, severe aplastic anemia, immunosuppressive therapy
format Article
id doaj-art-53c8ea4413fc4c8bb02b5f1062098b04
institution Kabale University
issn 1179-2736
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Dove Medical Press
record_format Article
series Journal of Blood Medicine
spelling doaj-art-53c8ea4413fc4c8bb02b5f1062098b042025-08-20T03:27:00ZengDove Medical PressJournal of Blood Medicine1179-27362025-06-01Volume 16Issue 1293306103995Effect of Haplo-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Timing on Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Without Histocompatible Matched Sibling DonorFan D0Xiao F1Zhao J2Yan XQ3Liu Q4Liu L5Wang WQ6Qin WW7department of hematologydepartment of hematologydepartment of hematologydepartment of hematologydepartment of hematologydepartment of hematologydepartment of hematologydepartment of hematologyDan Fan,1,* Fang Xiao,1,* Jiayi Zhao,2,* Xue Qian Yan,1 Qiang Liu,1 Li Liu,1 Wen Qing Wang,1 Wei Wei Qin1 1Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, People’s Republic of China; 2Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wei Wei Qin, Email vivianq1126@126.comBackground: Comparative studies on frontline haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT) versus salvage haplo-HSCT after immunosuppressive therapy (IST) failure in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) are limited. To evaluate the effects of different transplantation timing on patient survival, the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and the risk of infection on the outcomes of patients with SAA.Methods: This retrospective study included 82 SAA patients who underwent haplo-HSCT using the “Beijing protocol”. Patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT within 3 months after diagnosis were in the first-line HSCT group, and patients who were treated with initial IST and followed with allogeneic HSCT after treatment failure or relapse were in the salvage HSCT group. Patients were categorized into the frontline HSCT group (n=40, 48.8%) and the salvage HSCT group (n=42, 51.2%) based on transplantation timing. All 82 patients received grafts from related haploidentical donors. Follow-up was until January 1, 2024, and all patients were followed for more than 12 months with a median follow-up of 49 (12– 126) months, except for dead cases.Results: Multivariate analysis identified salvage HSCT (HR: 5.344, 95% CI: 1.904– 14.995), ferritin levels > 1000 (HR: 5.588, 95% CI: 1.696– 18.414), and CMV infection (HR: 11.909, 95% CI: 2.335– 60.725) as independent risk factors for graft failure. The overall survival rate was significantly higher in the front HSCT group (90%, 36/40) compared to the salvage HSCT group (71.4%, 30/42) with mortality rates of 10.0% (4/40) and 28.6% (12/42), respectively (p=0.029). The expected 5-year OS was significantly higher in the frontline HSCT group compared to the salvage group. Salvage HSCT, ECOG score ≥ 1, and ferritin levels > 1000 were identified as independent risk factors for prognosis.Conclusion: Frontline haplo-HSCT demonstrates superior survival and safety compared to salvage haplo-HSCT in young SAA patients without a matched sibling donor, warranting further clinical adoption.Keywords: salvage haploidentical transplantation, frontline haploidentical transplantation, severe aplastic anemia, immunosuppressive therapyhttps://www.dovepress.com/effect-of-haplo-allogeneic-hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplantation-tim-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JBMsalvage haploidentical transplantationfrontline haploidentical transplantationsevere aplastic anemiaimmunosuppressive therapy;
spellingShingle Fan D
Xiao F
Zhao J
Yan XQ
Liu Q
Liu L
Wang WQ
Qin WW
Effect of Haplo-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Timing on Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Without Histocompatible Matched Sibling Donor
Journal of Blood Medicine
salvage haploidentical transplantation
frontline haploidentical transplantation
severe aplastic anemia
immunosuppressive therapy;
title Effect of Haplo-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Timing on Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Without Histocompatible Matched Sibling Donor
title_full Effect of Haplo-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Timing on Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Without Histocompatible Matched Sibling Donor
title_fullStr Effect of Haplo-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Timing on Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Without Histocompatible Matched Sibling Donor
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Haplo-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Timing on Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Without Histocompatible Matched Sibling Donor
title_short Effect of Haplo-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Timing on Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Without Histocompatible Matched Sibling Donor
title_sort effect of haplo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation timing on patients with severe aplastic anemia without histocompatible matched sibling donor
topic salvage haploidentical transplantation
frontline haploidentical transplantation
severe aplastic anemia
immunosuppressive therapy;
url https://www.dovepress.com/effect-of-haplo-allogeneic-hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplantation-tim-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JBM
work_keys_str_mv AT fand effectofhaploallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantationtimingonpatientswithsevereaplasticanemiawithouthistocompatiblematchedsiblingdonor
AT xiaof effectofhaploallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantationtimingonpatientswithsevereaplasticanemiawithouthistocompatiblematchedsiblingdonor
AT zhaoj effectofhaploallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantationtimingonpatientswithsevereaplasticanemiawithouthistocompatiblematchedsiblingdonor
AT yanxq effectofhaploallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantationtimingonpatientswithsevereaplasticanemiawithouthistocompatiblematchedsiblingdonor
AT liuq effectofhaploallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantationtimingonpatientswithsevereaplasticanemiawithouthistocompatiblematchedsiblingdonor
AT liul effectofhaploallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantationtimingonpatientswithsevereaplasticanemiawithouthistocompatiblematchedsiblingdonor
AT wangwq effectofhaploallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantationtimingonpatientswithsevereaplasticanemiawithouthistocompatiblematchedsiblingdonor
AT qinww effectofhaploallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantationtimingonpatientswithsevereaplasticanemiawithouthistocompatiblematchedsiblingdonor