A pilot study of intraoperative melphalan to prevent recurrent PVR: the IOMPVR study

Abstract Background Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a major cause of failure in cases of retinal detachment (RD) repair. Intravitreal melphalan, a known inhibitor of cellular proliferation, offers a novel therapeutic approach to reduce PVR recurrence and improve outcomes. We evaluated the s...

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Main Authors: Carlos A. Moreira-Neto, Jose S Pulido, Luca Bongiovanni de Miranda Gonçalves, Gabriel Nunes Cavalcanti, Acacio Souza Lima, José de Paula Barbosa Neto, Daniel Lavinsky, Talita Virginia Fernandes de Oliveira, Fernando Ejii Ogata, Lucas Zago Ribeiro, Luiz Fernando Teixeira, Flavia Borelli Gomes do Nascimento, Luiz H. Lima, Octaviano Jr. Magalhães, Michel Eid Farah, Maurício Maia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:International Journal of Retina and Vitreous
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40942-025-00675-4
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author Carlos A. Moreira-Neto
Jose S Pulido
Luca Bongiovanni de Miranda Gonçalves
Gabriel Nunes Cavalcanti
Acacio Souza Lima
José de Paula Barbosa Neto
Daniel Lavinsky
Talita Virginia Fernandes de Oliveira
Fernando Ejii Ogata
Lucas Zago Ribeiro
Luiz Fernando Teixeira
Flavia Borelli Gomes do Nascimento
Luiz H. Lima
Octaviano Jr. Magalhães
Michel Eid Farah
Maurício Maia
author_facet Carlos A. Moreira-Neto
Jose S Pulido
Luca Bongiovanni de Miranda Gonçalves
Gabriel Nunes Cavalcanti
Acacio Souza Lima
José de Paula Barbosa Neto
Daniel Lavinsky
Talita Virginia Fernandes de Oliveira
Fernando Ejii Ogata
Lucas Zago Ribeiro
Luiz Fernando Teixeira
Flavia Borelli Gomes do Nascimento
Luiz H. Lima
Octaviano Jr. Magalhães
Michel Eid Farah
Maurício Maia
author_sort Carlos A. Moreira-Neto
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a major cause of failure in cases of retinal detachment (RD) repair. Intravitreal melphalan, a known inhibitor of cellular proliferation, offers a novel therapeutic approach to reduce PVR recurrence and improve outcomes. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of 5 µg/0.1 ml intravitreal melphalan at the end of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) before silicone oil (SO) injection in eyes with primary PVR related to rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) with a minimal 90-day follow-up period. Methods This prospective, cross-sectional, interventional pilot study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology of the Federal University of São Paulo in patients with primary RRD and PVR. Patients were included who were aged 18 to 85 years with PVR grade CP2 or worse secondary to RRDs in eyes without having undergone a previous RRD surgery. They underwent PPV + scleral buckle + fluid air exchange followed by intravitreal injection of 5 µg/0.1 ml melphalan (270 mOsm) and SO injection. Results Six eyes of six patients were enrolled. Ocular examination and imaging showed no retinal toxicity. The logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity improved from the mean ± standard deviation preoperatively of 2.11 ± 0.22 to 0.89 ± 0.37 at 30 and to 0.84 ± 0.42 at 90 days postoperative (P < 0.001). Optical coherence tomography identified intraretinal cysts in five of six eyes and outer retinal layer loss in all study eyes. Only one of six eyes developed a recurrent localized RD on day 90 unrelated to recurrent PVR. PVR recurrence was not observed during the study follow-up. Conclusions In this pilot study, the preliminary data showed that PPV followed by intravitreal injection of 5 µg/0.1 ml melphalan was not related to ocular toxicity. The absence of PVR recurrence at 3 months follow-up in these complex PVR eyes is an interesting finding that justifies further investigation.
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spelling doaj-art-53a59e5a8ffb46a18b97d6800abcb54e2025-08-20T03:52:24ZengBMCInternational Journal of Retina and Vitreous2056-99202025-05-0111111210.1186/s40942-025-00675-4A pilot study of intraoperative melphalan to prevent recurrent PVR: the IOMPVR studyCarlos A. Moreira-Neto0Jose S Pulido1Luca Bongiovanni de Miranda Gonçalves2Gabriel Nunes Cavalcanti3Acacio Souza Lima4José de Paula Barbosa Neto5Daniel Lavinsky6Talita Virginia Fernandes de Oliveira7Fernando Ejii Ogata8Lucas Zago Ribeiro9Luiz Fernando Teixeira10Flavia Borelli Gomes do Nascimento11Luiz H. Lima12Octaviano Jr. Magalhães13Michel Eid Farah14Maurício Maia15Department of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Department of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Wills Eye InstituteDepartment of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Department of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Department of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Department of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Department of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Department of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Vitreoretinal Unit, Hospital de Olhos do ParanaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Department of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Department of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Department of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Department of Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM)Abstract Background Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a major cause of failure in cases of retinal detachment (RD) repair. Intravitreal melphalan, a known inhibitor of cellular proliferation, offers a novel therapeutic approach to reduce PVR recurrence and improve outcomes. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of 5 µg/0.1 ml intravitreal melphalan at the end of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) before silicone oil (SO) injection in eyes with primary PVR related to rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) with a minimal 90-day follow-up period. Methods This prospective, cross-sectional, interventional pilot study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology of the Federal University of São Paulo in patients with primary RRD and PVR. Patients were included who were aged 18 to 85 years with PVR grade CP2 or worse secondary to RRDs in eyes without having undergone a previous RRD surgery. They underwent PPV + scleral buckle + fluid air exchange followed by intravitreal injection of 5 µg/0.1 ml melphalan (270 mOsm) and SO injection. Results Six eyes of six patients were enrolled. Ocular examination and imaging showed no retinal toxicity. The logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity improved from the mean ± standard deviation preoperatively of 2.11 ± 0.22 to 0.89 ± 0.37 at 30 and to 0.84 ± 0.42 at 90 days postoperative (P < 0.001). Optical coherence tomography identified intraretinal cysts in five of six eyes and outer retinal layer loss in all study eyes. Only one of six eyes developed a recurrent localized RD on day 90 unrelated to recurrent PVR. PVR recurrence was not observed during the study follow-up. Conclusions In this pilot study, the preliminary data showed that PPV followed by intravitreal injection of 5 µg/0.1 ml melphalan was not related to ocular toxicity. The absence of PVR recurrence at 3 months follow-up in these complex PVR eyes is an interesting finding that justifies further investigation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40942-025-00675-4MelphalanPars plana vitrectomyProliferative vitreoretinopathyR hegmatogenous retinal detachment
spellingShingle Carlos A. Moreira-Neto
Jose S Pulido
Luca Bongiovanni de Miranda Gonçalves
Gabriel Nunes Cavalcanti
Acacio Souza Lima
José de Paula Barbosa Neto
Daniel Lavinsky
Talita Virginia Fernandes de Oliveira
Fernando Ejii Ogata
Lucas Zago Ribeiro
Luiz Fernando Teixeira
Flavia Borelli Gomes do Nascimento
Luiz H. Lima
Octaviano Jr. Magalhães
Michel Eid Farah
Maurício Maia
A pilot study of intraoperative melphalan to prevent recurrent PVR: the IOMPVR study
International Journal of Retina and Vitreous
Melphalan
Pars plana vitrectomy
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy
R hegmatogenous retinal detachment
title A pilot study of intraoperative melphalan to prevent recurrent PVR: the IOMPVR study
title_full A pilot study of intraoperative melphalan to prevent recurrent PVR: the IOMPVR study
title_fullStr A pilot study of intraoperative melphalan to prevent recurrent PVR: the IOMPVR study
title_full_unstemmed A pilot study of intraoperative melphalan to prevent recurrent PVR: the IOMPVR study
title_short A pilot study of intraoperative melphalan to prevent recurrent PVR: the IOMPVR study
title_sort pilot study of intraoperative melphalan to prevent recurrent pvr the iompvr study
topic Melphalan
Pars plana vitrectomy
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy
R hegmatogenous retinal detachment
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40942-025-00675-4
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