SpO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> Correlates with PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> (P/F) and Radiological Biomarkers of Severity: A Retrospective Study on COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients

SpO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> Correlates with PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> (P/F) and Radiological Biomarkers of Severity: A Retrospective Study on COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients

<b>Background:</b> In patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, the estimation of PaO<sub>2</sub> represents the method of choice for monitoring a patient’s oxygenation status and assessing disease severity. The aim of this study is, therefore, to investigate the correlation between...

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Main Authors: Alberto Marra, Vito D’Agnano, Raffaella Pagliaro, Fabio Perrotta, Ilaria Di Fiore, Antonio D’Orologio, Filippo Scialò, Angela Schiattarella, Andrea Bianco, Roberto Parrella
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Biomedicines
Subjects:
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
SpO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub>
SF ratio
HRCT
laboratory biomarkers
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/5/1072
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Summary:<b>Background:</b> In patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, the estimation of PaO<sub>2</sub> represents the method of choice for monitoring a patient’s oxygenation status and assessing disease severity. The aim of this study is, therefore, to investigate the correlation between SpO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> and PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub>, as well as radiological and laboratory biomarkers of severity. <b>Methods:</b> In this monocentric observational, analytical, retrospective large cohort study, consecutive patients with a confirmed diagnosis of pneumonia from SARS-CoV-2, hospitalized at the Cotugno Hospital—AORN dei Colli—of Naples, between 1 September 2020 and 28 February 2022 were considered for study inclusion. Patients with missing data were excluded. <b>Results:</b> We included 585 patients (median age 63 [22–95]). Mean PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> was 203 [66–433], whilst mean SpO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> was 240 [81–471]. We found that P/F ratio could be predicted from S/F ratio, as described by the linear regression equation (P/F = 13.273 + 0.790 × S/F). In addition, we found that SpO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> ratio significantly correlated with HRCT score and laboratory markers of severity, including IL-6, D-Dimer, and NLR. <b>Conclusions</b>: SpO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> ratio represents a highly useful resource as a valid surrogate of P/F ratio in patients with COVID pneumonia, also correlating with other biomarkers of severity, such as HRCT score and key laboratory markers.
ISSN:2227-9059

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