Dynamic Control of Sodium Cold Trap Purification Temperature Using LSTM System Identification

This study investigates the dynamic regulation of the sodium cold trap purification temperature at Argonne National Laboratory’s liquid sodium test facility, employing long short-term memory (LSTM) system identification techniques. The investigation introduces an innovative hybrid approach by integr...

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Main Authors: Rita Appiah, Alexander Heifetz, Derek Kultgen, Lefteri H. Tsoukalas, Richard B. Vilim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Energies
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/24/6257
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author Rita Appiah
Alexander Heifetz
Derek Kultgen
Lefteri H. Tsoukalas
Richard B. Vilim
author_facet Rita Appiah
Alexander Heifetz
Derek Kultgen
Lefteri H. Tsoukalas
Richard B. Vilim
author_sort Rita Appiah
collection DOAJ
description This study investigates the dynamic regulation of the sodium cold trap purification temperature at Argonne National Laboratory’s liquid sodium test facility, employing long short-term memory (LSTM) system identification techniques. The investigation introduces an innovative hybrid approach by integrating model predictive control (MPC) based on first principles dynamic models with a multi-step time–frequency LSTM model in predicting the temperature profiles of a sodium cold trap purification system. The long short-term memory–model predictive controller (LSTM-MPC) model employs a sliding window scheme to gather training samples for multi-step prediction, leveraging historical data to construct predictive models that capture the non-linearities of the complex system dynamics without explicitly modeling the underlying physical processes. The performance of the LSTM-MPC and MPC were evaluated through simulation experiments, where both models were assessed on their capacity to maintain the cold trap temperature within predefined set-points while minimizing deviations and overshoots. Results obtained show how the data-driven LSTM-MPC model demonstrates stability and adaptability. In contrast, the traditional MPC model exhibits irregularities, particularly evident as overshoots around set-point limits, which can potentially compromise its effectiveness over long prediction time intervals. The findings obtained offer valuable insights into integrating data-driven techniques for enhancing real-time monitoring systems.
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spelling doaj-art-539f2cc9e9774b719aa0b38acff928f22025-08-20T02:43:29ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732024-12-011724625710.3390/en17246257Dynamic Control of Sodium Cold Trap Purification Temperature Using LSTM System IdentificationRita Appiah0Alexander Heifetz1Derek Kultgen2Lefteri H. Tsoukalas3Richard B. Vilim4Nuclear Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USANuclear Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USANuclear Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USASchool of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USANuclear Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USAThis study investigates the dynamic regulation of the sodium cold trap purification temperature at Argonne National Laboratory’s liquid sodium test facility, employing long short-term memory (LSTM) system identification techniques. The investigation introduces an innovative hybrid approach by integrating model predictive control (MPC) based on first principles dynamic models with a multi-step time–frequency LSTM model in predicting the temperature profiles of a sodium cold trap purification system. The long short-term memory–model predictive controller (LSTM-MPC) model employs a sliding window scheme to gather training samples for multi-step prediction, leveraging historical data to construct predictive models that capture the non-linearities of the complex system dynamics without explicitly modeling the underlying physical processes. The performance of the LSTM-MPC and MPC were evaluated through simulation experiments, where both models were assessed on their capacity to maintain the cold trap temperature within predefined set-points while minimizing deviations and overshoots. Results obtained show how the data-driven LSTM-MPC model demonstrates stability and adaptability. In contrast, the traditional MPC model exhibits irregularities, particularly evident as overshoots around set-point limits, which can potentially compromise its effectiveness over long prediction time intervals. The findings obtained offer valuable insights into integrating data-driven techniques for enhancing real-time monitoring systems.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/24/6257sodium fast reactorssodium cold trap purificationmodeling and simulationLSTM-MPCsystem identificationmulti-step prediction
spellingShingle Rita Appiah
Alexander Heifetz
Derek Kultgen
Lefteri H. Tsoukalas
Richard B. Vilim
Dynamic Control of Sodium Cold Trap Purification Temperature Using LSTM System Identification
Energies
sodium fast reactors
sodium cold trap purification
modeling and simulation
LSTM-MPC
system identification
multi-step prediction
title Dynamic Control of Sodium Cold Trap Purification Temperature Using LSTM System Identification
title_full Dynamic Control of Sodium Cold Trap Purification Temperature Using LSTM System Identification
title_fullStr Dynamic Control of Sodium Cold Trap Purification Temperature Using LSTM System Identification
title_full_unstemmed Dynamic Control of Sodium Cold Trap Purification Temperature Using LSTM System Identification
title_short Dynamic Control of Sodium Cold Trap Purification Temperature Using LSTM System Identification
title_sort dynamic control of sodium cold trap purification temperature using lstm system identification
topic sodium fast reactors
sodium cold trap purification
modeling and simulation
LSTM-MPC
system identification
multi-step prediction
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/24/6257
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AT lefterihtsoukalas dynamiccontrolofsodiumcoldtrappurificationtemperatureusinglstmsystemidentification
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