Effects of energy drinks on mental health and academic performance of university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

<h4>Objectives</h4>Energy drink (ED) consumption is frequently observed among higher education students and is often associated with increased concentration and academic performance. However, the purported benefits are not fully supported by scientific evidence. This protocol details met...

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Main Authors: Danyla Rafaela Oliveira Batista, Kaio Vinicius C Silva, Miguel Torres, Woska Pires da Costa, Manuel Monfort-Pañego, Priscilla Rayanne E Silva, Matias Noll
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0319533
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author Danyla Rafaela Oliveira Batista
Kaio Vinicius C Silva
Miguel Torres
Woska Pires da Costa
Manuel Monfort-Pañego
Priscilla Rayanne E Silva
Matias Noll
author_facet Danyla Rafaela Oliveira Batista
Kaio Vinicius C Silva
Miguel Torres
Woska Pires da Costa
Manuel Monfort-Pañego
Priscilla Rayanne E Silva
Matias Noll
author_sort Danyla Rafaela Oliveira Batista
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Objectives</h4>Energy drink (ED) consumption is frequently observed among higher education students and is often associated with increased concentration and academic performance. However, the purported benefits are not fully supported by scientific evidence. This protocol details methods for a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of ED on university students' mental health and academic performance.<h4>Methods</h4>The PECO framework will guide the search strategy, and the protocol will follow the PRISMA-P 2015, PRESS 2015, and PRISMA-S guidelines. The searches will be conducted in the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid, PubMed, Embase, FSTA, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus. The GRADE recommendations and the Downs and Black scale will assess study quality and bias. All statistical analyses will be conducted using Comprehensive Meta-analysis software. We will use Cochran's Q with p < 0.05 to indicate significant heterogeneity and I² to quantify heterogeneity between studies. The Trim and Fill technique and Egger's regression test will be applied to evaluate the funnel plot that will be generated.<h4>Results</h4>Carrying out the systematic review proposed by this protocol will provide evidence on the short-, medium-, and long-term effects of ED use on academic performance and mental health among higher education students.<h4>Conclusion</h4>A deeper understanding of ED consumption among higher education students can inform the development of evidence-based educational and public health policies to promote student well-being and mitigate associated health risks.<h4>Register on prospero</h4>CRD42024580044.
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spelling doaj-art-5381d17a22a94ce58baa5da2085a9b112025-08-20T02:17:25ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01203e031953310.1371/journal.pone.0319533Effects of energy drinks on mental health and academic performance of university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.Danyla Rafaela Oliveira BatistaKaio Vinicius C SilvaMiguel TorresWoska Pires da CostaManuel Monfort-PañegoPriscilla Rayanne E SilvaMatias Noll<h4>Objectives</h4>Energy drink (ED) consumption is frequently observed among higher education students and is often associated with increased concentration and academic performance. However, the purported benefits are not fully supported by scientific evidence. This protocol details methods for a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of ED on university students' mental health and academic performance.<h4>Methods</h4>The PECO framework will guide the search strategy, and the protocol will follow the PRISMA-P 2015, PRESS 2015, and PRISMA-S guidelines. The searches will be conducted in the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid, PubMed, Embase, FSTA, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus. The GRADE recommendations and the Downs and Black scale will assess study quality and bias. All statistical analyses will be conducted using Comprehensive Meta-analysis software. We will use Cochran's Q with p < 0.05 to indicate significant heterogeneity and I² to quantify heterogeneity between studies. The Trim and Fill technique and Egger's regression test will be applied to evaluate the funnel plot that will be generated.<h4>Results</h4>Carrying out the systematic review proposed by this protocol will provide evidence on the short-, medium-, and long-term effects of ED use on academic performance and mental health among higher education students.<h4>Conclusion</h4>A deeper understanding of ED consumption among higher education students can inform the development of evidence-based educational and public health policies to promote student well-being and mitigate associated health risks.<h4>Register on prospero</h4>CRD42024580044.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0319533
spellingShingle Danyla Rafaela Oliveira Batista
Kaio Vinicius C Silva
Miguel Torres
Woska Pires da Costa
Manuel Monfort-Pañego
Priscilla Rayanne E Silva
Matias Noll
Effects of energy drinks on mental health and academic performance of university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.
PLoS ONE
title Effects of energy drinks on mental health and academic performance of university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.
title_full Effects of energy drinks on mental health and academic performance of university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.
title_fullStr Effects of energy drinks on mental health and academic performance of university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.
title_full_unstemmed Effects of energy drinks on mental health and academic performance of university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.
title_short Effects of energy drinks on mental health and academic performance of university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.
title_sort effects of energy drinks on mental health and academic performance of university students a systematic review and meta analysis protocol
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0319533
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