Distillation study of light bio-oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio-gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol E85
The increasing demand for renewable energy sources highlights the importance of pyrolysis as a sustainable method for converting biomass into valuable products. In this study, palm fresh fruit was pyrolyzed in a 120 L batch-type reactor at 450, 550, 650, and 700 °C at a heating rate of 2–5 °C/min. T...
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Energy Nexus |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772427125000737 |
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| author | Sittinun Tawkaew Nathawat Unsomsri Pichai Asadamongkon Surachai Narrat Jansri Songkran Wiriyasart Sommas Kaewluan |
| author_facet | Sittinun Tawkaew Nathawat Unsomsri Pichai Asadamongkon Surachai Narrat Jansri Songkran Wiriyasart Sommas Kaewluan |
| author_sort | Sittinun Tawkaew |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The increasing demand for renewable energy sources highlights the importance of pyrolysis as a sustainable method for converting biomass into valuable products. In this study, palm fresh fruit was pyrolyzed in a 120 L batch-type reactor at 450, 550, 650, and 700 °C at a heating rate of 2–5 °C/min. The production of pyrolysis liquid product (PLP) yie ld is 57.50 %, 62.88 %, 52.53 %, and 47.77 %, respectively. The pyrolysis at 550 °C shows a 62.88 % yield of PLP, 10.27 % biochar, and 26.85 % pyrolysis gases. As the pyrolysis temperature increased, the gas yield slightly increased, whereas the biochar yield decreased. The PLP was distilled at 200 °C to separate into light bio-oil (LBO), wood vinegar (WV), and heavy bio-oil (HBO), yielding 11.91 % LBO, 41.60 % WV, and 46.45 % HBO. The GC–MS of LBO showed that the five components with the highest peak intensities were 1-octene, octane, 1-nonene, nonane, and 1-decene, with respective area percentages of 14.31 %, 8.3 9 %, 18.26 %, 8.01 %, and 8.05 %. The ratios of the blended LBO with gasohol E85 were 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50. The properties of the blended LBO were determined using TGA and a standard test method for distillation. Blending LBO with gasohol E85 in a 60:40 ratio produced fuel that met the gasoline standards for distillation volume fractions. The resulting fuel exhibited a heating value of 36 MJ/kg, which was 35 % higher than that of gasohol E85, highlighting the potential of LBO as a high-quality biofuel and its contribution to renewable energy development. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-537915dbd34a4e27ae24a5dc948093f3 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2772-4271 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Energy Nexus |
| spelling | doaj-art-537915dbd34a4e27ae24a5dc948093f32025-08-20T03:21:30ZengElsevierEnergy Nexus2772-42712025-06-011810043210.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432Distillation study of light bio-oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio-gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol E85Sittinun Tawkaew0Nathawat Unsomsri1Pichai Asadamongkon2Surachai Narrat Jansri3Songkran Wiriyasart4Sommas Kaewluan5Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, ThailandBiofuel and Bioenergy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (BBT R&D), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, ThailandBiofuel and Bioenergy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (BBT R&D), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, ThailandAsian Development College for Community Economy and Technology (adiCET), Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Khilek, Mae Rim, Chiang Mai 50180, ThailandThermal Solution and Energy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (TSET R&D), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, ThailandBiofuel and Bioenergy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (BBT R&D), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, Thailand; Corresponding author.The increasing demand for renewable energy sources highlights the importance of pyrolysis as a sustainable method for converting biomass into valuable products. In this study, palm fresh fruit was pyrolyzed in a 120 L batch-type reactor at 450, 550, 650, and 700 °C at a heating rate of 2–5 °C/min. The production of pyrolysis liquid product (PLP) yie ld is 57.50 %, 62.88 %, 52.53 %, and 47.77 %, respectively. The pyrolysis at 550 °C shows a 62.88 % yield of PLP, 10.27 % biochar, and 26.85 % pyrolysis gases. As the pyrolysis temperature increased, the gas yield slightly increased, whereas the biochar yield decreased. The PLP was distilled at 200 °C to separate into light bio-oil (LBO), wood vinegar (WV), and heavy bio-oil (HBO), yielding 11.91 % LBO, 41.60 % WV, and 46.45 % HBO. The GC–MS of LBO showed that the five components with the highest peak intensities were 1-octene, octane, 1-nonene, nonane, and 1-decene, with respective area percentages of 14.31 %, 8.3 9 %, 18.26 %, 8.01 %, and 8.05 %. The ratios of the blended LBO with gasohol E85 were 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50. The properties of the blended LBO were determined using TGA and a standard test method for distillation. Blending LBO with gasohol E85 in a 60:40 ratio produced fuel that met the gasoline standards for distillation volume fractions. The resulting fuel exhibited a heating value of 36 MJ/kg, which was 35 % higher than that of gasohol E85, highlighting the potential of LBO as a high-quality biofuel and its contribution to renewable energy development.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772427125000737Palm fresh fruitPyrolysisLight bio-oilBio-gasolineEnergy efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Sittinun Tawkaew Nathawat Unsomsri Pichai Asadamongkon Surachai Narrat Jansri Songkran Wiriyasart Sommas Kaewluan Distillation study of light bio-oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio-gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol E85 Energy Nexus Palm fresh fruit Pyrolysis Light bio-oil Bio-gasoline Energy efficiency |
| title | Distillation study of light bio-oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio-gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol E85 |
| title_full | Distillation study of light bio-oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio-gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol E85 |
| title_fullStr | Distillation study of light bio-oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio-gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol E85 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distillation study of light bio-oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio-gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol E85 |
| title_short | Distillation study of light bio-oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio-gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol E85 |
| title_sort | distillation study of light bio oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol e85 |
| topic | Palm fresh fruit Pyrolysis Light bio-oil Bio-gasoline Energy efficiency |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772427125000737 |
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