Immunological Responses and Protection in the Largemouth Bass (<i>Microterus salmoides</i>) Immunized with Inactivated Vaccine Against Largemouth Bass Ranavirus (LMBRaV)
The largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBRaV) caused significant mortality and economic loss in the largemouth bass aquaculture industry around the world, including China. Vaccination is an efficient method for virus defense. In this study, an inactivated LMBRaV vaccine was prepared, and the prevention eff...
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2025-03-01
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| author | Tao Yang Jiale Zhai Chenyang Li Lingbing Zeng Yiqun Li Wenzhi Liu Yan Meng Yuding Fan Zhenyu Huang Yong Zhou Nan Jiang |
| author_facet | Tao Yang Jiale Zhai Chenyang Li Lingbing Zeng Yiqun Li Wenzhi Liu Yan Meng Yuding Fan Zhenyu Huang Yong Zhou Nan Jiang |
| author_sort | Tao Yang |
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| description | The largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBRaV) caused significant mortality and economic loss in the largemouth bass aquaculture industry around the world, including China. Vaccination is an efficient method for virus defense. In this study, an inactivated LMBRaV vaccine was prepared, and the prevention effect as well as the immune responses were analyzed after the primary and the secondary immunization. Compared to the control group, the counts of leucocytes and erythrocytes increased and peaked at day 14 after the primary immunization, and the proportions of leucocytes, including lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils, were also up-regulation after the primary immunization. Serum neutralizing antibody titers increased and peaked (1:128) at day 28 after the primary immunization. Following the secondary immunization, antibody titers were increased to a higher level (1:512) at 28 days after the secondary immunization. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated varying degrees of up-regulation of <i>mhc II</i>, <i>igM</i>, <i>il-1β</i>, and <i>cd8α</i> transcriptions in the head kidney, which showed that innate and adaptive immune responses were both induced after the primary and the secondary immunization. After challenge with LMBRaV, the relative percent survival rates (RPS) for primary and secondary immunization with inactivated LMBRaV vaccine were determined to be 62.92% and 95.51%, respectively. Therefore, this study suggests that utilizing an inactivated LMBRaV vaccine could induce efficient immune responses and antibody, which might provide a potential efficient countermeasure for LMBRaV prevention. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-534e080ac9a74692ba855c52afdbbe9e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj-art-534e080ac9a74692ba855c52afdbbe9e2025-08-20T03:43:50ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-03-0115680310.3390/ani15060803Immunological Responses and Protection in the Largemouth Bass (<i>Microterus salmoides</i>) Immunized with Inactivated Vaccine Against Largemouth Bass Ranavirus (LMBRaV)Tao Yang0Jiale Zhai1Chenyang Li2Lingbing Zeng3Yiqun Li4Wenzhi Liu5Yan Meng6Yuding Fan7Zhenyu Huang8Yong Zhou9Nan Jiang10Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaTongwei Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Tongwei Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, ChinaDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDivision of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaDivision of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaDivision of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaDivision of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaDivision of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDivision of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaThe largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBRaV) caused significant mortality and economic loss in the largemouth bass aquaculture industry around the world, including China. Vaccination is an efficient method for virus defense. In this study, an inactivated LMBRaV vaccine was prepared, and the prevention effect as well as the immune responses were analyzed after the primary and the secondary immunization. Compared to the control group, the counts of leucocytes and erythrocytes increased and peaked at day 14 after the primary immunization, and the proportions of leucocytes, including lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils, were also up-regulation after the primary immunization. Serum neutralizing antibody titers increased and peaked (1:128) at day 28 after the primary immunization. Following the secondary immunization, antibody titers were increased to a higher level (1:512) at 28 days after the secondary immunization. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated varying degrees of up-regulation of <i>mhc II</i>, <i>igM</i>, <i>il-1β</i>, and <i>cd8α</i> transcriptions in the head kidney, which showed that innate and adaptive immune responses were both induced after the primary and the secondary immunization. After challenge with LMBRaV, the relative percent survival rates (RPS) for primary and secondary immunization with inactivated LMBRaV vaccine were determined to be 62.92% and 95.51%, respectively. Therefore, this study suggests that utilizing an inactivated LMBRaV vaccine could induce efficient immune responses and antibody, which might provide a potential efficient countermeasure for LMBRaV prevention.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/6/803largemouth basslargemouth bass ranavirusinactivated vaccinerelative percent survival ratesimmune response |
| spellingShingle | Tao Yang Jiale Zhai Chenyang Li Lingbing Zeng Yiqun Li Wenzhi Liu Yan Meng Yuding Fan Zhenyu Huang Yong Zhou Nan Jiang Immunological Responses and Protection in the Largemouth Bass (<i>Microterus salmoides</i>) Immunized with Inactivated Vaccine Against Largemouth Bass Ranavirus (LMBRaV) Animals largemouth bass largemouth bass ranavirus inactivated vaccine relative percent survival rates immune response |
| title | Immunological Responses and Protection in the Largemouth Bass (<i>Microterus salmoides</i>) Immunized with Inactivated Vaccine Against Largemouth Bass Ranavirus (LMBRaV) |
| title_full | Immunological Responses and Protection in the Largemouth Bass (<i>Microterus salmoides</i>) Immunized with Inactivated Vaccine Against Largemouth Bass Ranavirus (LMBRaV) |
| title_fullStr | Immunological Responses and Protection in the Largemouth Bass (<i>Microterus salmoides</i>) Immunized with Inactivated Vaccine Against Largemouth Bass Ranavirus (LMBRaV) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunological Responses and Protection in the Largemouth Bass (<i>Microterus salmoides</i>) Immunized with Inactivated Vaccine Against Largemouth Bass Ranavirus (LMBRaV) |
| title_short | Immunological Responses and Protection in the Largemouth Bass (<i>Microterus salmoides</i>) Immunized with Inactivated Vaccine Against Largemouth Bass Ranavirus (LMBRaV) |
| title_sort | immunological responses and protection in the largemouth bass i microterus salmoides i immunized with inactivated vaccine against largemouth bass ranavirus lmbrav |
| topic | largemouth bass largemouth bass ranavirus inactivated vaccine relative percent survival rates immune response |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/6/803 |
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