Correlation of Baseline Clinical Characteristics as Risk Factors for Pneumonia in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

Background: Pneumonia is a major cause of death during chemotherapy for acute leukemia. Here we are presenting the correlation of baseline characteristics and pneumonia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) which affect the overall outcome of patients with ALL. Methods: We conducted...

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Main Authors: Prachi Singh, Ankit Pachauri, Nishant Verma
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: National Board of Examinations 2025-03-01
Series:National Board of Examinations Journal of Medical Sciences
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Online Access:https://natboard.edu.in/ejournal/articledtl?x=Sld5eVpvNFhwTE1ieTViblJXQjBwUT09
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author Prachi Singh
Ankit Pachauri
Nishant Verma
author_facet Prachi Singh
Ankit Pachauri
Nishant Verma
author_sort Prachi Singh
collection DOAJ
description Background: Pneumonia is a major cause of death during chemotherapy for acute leukemia. Here we are presenting the correlation of baseline characteristics and pneumonia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) which affect the overall outcome of patients with ALL. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study for one year and 6 months duration in which 77 pediatric patients with newly diagnosed acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) who underwent chemotherapy in a tertiary care hospital. Result: Twenty-eight of the 77 pediatric participants in the trial got pneumonia while receiving therapy. There were 41 children (53.2%) older than five years, and 36 (46.7%) less than five. 18% (14/77) of the children were T ALL, and 82% (63/77) were B ALL. The male to female ratio was 5.4:1. Of the patients, 75% (58/77) were classified as high risk and 25% (19/77) as low risk. CNS/testicular involvement occurred at some stage during treatment in 15% (12/77). Of the 37 pneumonia cases, fever was the most common presenting symptom (97%) followed by respiratory distress (60%) and ANC<500 (75%). Cough was the less frequent presenting complaint. Thus, radiographic criteria were taken into consideration in order to diagnose pneumonia. Conclusion: The risk factors for development of pneumonia in children with ALL were age<5yr, baseline TLC of >50,000, induction phase of chemotherapy and these were statistically significant in our study.
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spelling doaj-art-5346801adc424cafadb686ee17ebf5282025-08-20T02:00:51ZengNational Board of ExaminationsNational Board of Examinations Journal of Medical Sciences2583-75242025-03-01Volume 3325526510.61770/NBEJMS.2025.v03.i03.002Correlation of Baseline Clinical Characteristics as Risk Factors for Pneumonia in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)Prachi Singh0Ankit Pachauri1Nishant Verma2Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Saraswati Medical College, Unnao, U.P.Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Saraswati Medical College, Unnao, U.P.Additional Professor, Department of Pediatrics, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, U.P.Background: Pneumonia is a major cause of death during chemotherapy for acute leukemia. Here we are presenting the correlation of baseline characteristics and pneumonia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) which affect the overall outcome of patients with ALL. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study for one year and 6 months duration in which 77 pediatric patients with newly diagnosed acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) who underwent chemotherapy in a tertiary care hospital. Result: Twenty-eight of the 77 pediatric participants in the trial got pneumonia while receiving therapy. There were 41 children (53.2%) older than five years, and 36 (46.7%) less than five. 18% (14/77) of the children were T ALL, and 82% (63/77) were B ALL. The male to female ratio was 5.4:1. Of the patients, 75% (58/77) were classified as high risk and 25% (19/77) as low risk. CNS/testicular involvement occurred at some stage during treatment in 15% (12/77). Of the 37 pneumonia cases, fever was the most common presenting symptom (97%) followed by respiratory distress (60%) and ANC<500 (75%). Cough was the less frequent presenting complaint. Thus, radiographic criteria were taken into consideration in order to diagnose pneumonia. Conclusion: The risk factors for development of pneumonia in children with ALL were age<5yr, baseline TLC of >50,000, induction phase of chemotherapy and these were statistically significant in our study.https://natboard.edu.in/ejournal/articledtl?x=Sld5eVpvNFhwTE1ieTViblJXQjBwUT09pneumoniaacute leukemiapneumonia in allacute lymphoblastic leukemia
spellingShingle Prachi Singh
Ankit Pachauri
Nishant Verma
Correlation of Baseline Clinical Characteristics as Risk Factors for Pneumonia in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
National Board of Examinations Journal of Medical Sciences
pneumonia
acute leukemia
pneumonia in all
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
title Correlation of Baseline Clinical Characteristics as Risk Factors for Pneumonia in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
title_full Correlation of Baseline Clinical Characteristics as Risk Factors for Pneumonia in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
title_fullStr Correlation of Baseline Clinical Characteristics as Risk Factors for Pneumonia in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
title_full_unstemmed Correlation of Baseline Clinical Characteristics as Risk Factors for Pneumonia in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
title_short Correlation of Baseline Clinical Characteristics as Risk Factors for Pneumonia in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
title_sort correlation of baseline clinical characteristics as risk factors for pneumonia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia all
topic pneumonia
acute leukemia
pneumonia in all
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
url https://natboard.edu.in/ejournal/articledtl?x=Sld5eVpvNFhwTE1ieTViblJXQjBwUT09
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AT nishantverma correlationofbaselineclinicalcharacteristicsasriskfactorsforpneumoniainchildrenwithacutelymphoblasticleukemiaall