City-scale GPS data reveals impact of spatial configuration and dedicated infrastructure on e-scooter route choice

Abstract Shared e-scooter use has rapidly expanded in major cities worldwide, offering promising solutions for sustainable transport and new data sources to advance the science of cities. This study leverages a city-scale GPS dataset of 14,029 e-scooter trips recorded over a three-month period in 20...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hans-Heinrich Schumann, He Haitao, Adrian Meister, Asya Natapov, Mohammed Quddus
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06938-2
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849333068007997440
author Hans-Heinrich Schumann
He Haitao
Adrian Meister
Asya Natapov
Mohammed Quddus
author_facet Hans-Heinrich Schumann
He Haitao
Adrian Meister
Asya Natapov
Mohammed Quddus
author_sort Hans-Heinrich Schumann
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Shared e-scooter use has rapidly expanded in major cities worldwide, offering promising solutions for sustainable transport and new data sources to advance the science of cities. This study leverages a city-scale GPS dataset of 14,029 e-scooter trips recorded over a three-month period in 2021 within the Mannheim/Ludwigshafen metropolitan area in Germany. For the first time, our analysis integrates the discrete choice modelling framework with space syntax theory using such large-scale revealed preference data, uncovering new insights into the impact of spatial configuration on routing behaviour. The results highlight the significant role of spatial configuration in e-scooter routing, with space syntax metrics consistently improving model performance and suggesting that riders avoid both places that are not well-integrated on a regional and highly accessible on a local level. Results also reveal that dedicated bicycle infrastructure, including bike lanes and tracks, reduces perceived travel distance by over 51% for e-scooter riders. Additionally, riders exhibit context-dependent behaviour, favouring pedestrian spaces during busy weekdays while avoiding them at other times. These insights can guide policymakers in designing micro-mobility-friendly urban environments.
format Article
id doaj-art-53317e4a53c44ce1b3eab97f1db840f2
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-53317e4a53c44ce1b3eab97f1db840f22025-08-20T03:46:00ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111510.1038/s41598-025-06938-2City-scale GPS data reveals impact of spatial configuration and dedicated infrastructure on e-scooter route choiceHans-Heinrich Schumann0He Haitao1Adrian Meister2Asya Natapov3Mohammed Quddus4School of Architecture, Building and Civil Engineering, Loughborough UniversitySchool of Architecture, Building and Civil Engineering, Loughborough UniversityInstitute for Transport Planning and Systems (IVT), ETH ZurichSchool of Architecture, Building and Civil Engineering, Loughborough UniversityCentre for Transport Engineering and Modelling, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College LondonAbstract Shared e-scooter use has rapidly expanded in major cities worldwide, offering promising solutions for sustainable transport and new data sources to advance the science of cities. This study leverages a city-scale GPS dataset of 14,029 e-scooter trips recorded over a three-month period in 2021 within the Mannheim/Ludwigshafen metropolitan area in Germany. For the first time, our analysis integrates the discrete choice modelling framework with space syntax theory using such large-scale revealed preference data, uncovering new insights into the impact of spatial configuration on routing behaviour. The results highlight the significant role of spatial configuration in e-scooter routing, with space syntax metrics consistently improving model performance and suggesting that riders avoid both places that are not well-integrated on a regional and highly accessible on a local level. Results also reveal that dedicated bicycle infrastructure, including bike lanes and tracks, reduces perceived travel distance by over 51% for e-scooter riders. Additionally, riders exhibit context-dependent behaviour, favouring pedestrian spaces during busy weekdays while avoiding them at other times. These insights can guide policymakers in designing micro-mobility-friendly urban environments.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06938-2
spellingShingle Hans-Heinrich Schumann
He Haitao
Adrian Meister
Asya Natapov
Mohammed Quddus
City-scale GPS data reveals impact of spatial configuration and dedicated infrastructure on e-scooter route choice
Scientific Reports
title City-scale GPS data reveals impact of spatial configuration and dedicated infrastructure on e-scooter route choice
title_full City-scale GPS data reveals impact of spatial configuration and dedicated infrastructure on e-scooter route choice
title_fullStr City-scale GPS data reveals impact of spatial configuration and dedicated infrastructure on e-scooter route choice
title_full_unstemmed City-scale GPS data reveals impact of spatial configuration and dedicated infrastructure on e-scooter route choice
title_short City-scale GPS data reveals impact of spatial configuration and dedicated infrastructure on e-scooter route choice
title_sort city scale gps data reveals impact of spatial configuration and dedicated infrastructure on e scooter route choice
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06938-2
work_keys_str_mv AT hansheinrichschumann cityscalegpsdatarevealsimpactofspatialconfigurationanddedicatedinfrastructureonescooterroutechoice
AT hehaitao cityscalegpsdatarevealsimpactofspatialconfigurationanddedicatedinfrastructureonescooterroutechoice
AT adrianmeister cityscalegpsdatarevealsimpactofspatialconfigurationanddedicatedinfrastructureonescooterroutechoice
AT asyanatapov cityscalegpsdatarevealsimpactofspatialconfigurationanddedicatedinfrastructureonescooterroutechoice
AT mohammedquddus cityscalegpsdatarevealsimpactofspatialconfigurationanddedicatedinfrastructureonescooterroutechoice