Incidence of primary care chest pain consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis with routine care data

Abstract Background The COVID-19 lockdown had profound effects on society and healthcare. Cardiology departments reported declines in chest pain evaluations and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) diagnoses. However, the pattern of chest pain in primary care is not clear yet. This study aims to assess the...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Simone van den Bulk, Jasper W. A. van Egeraat, Annelieke H. J. Petrus, Mattijs E. Numans, Tobias N. Bonten
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:BMC Primary Care
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-024-02676-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850134139814019072
author Simone van den Bulk
Jasper W. A. van Egeraat
Annelieke H. J. Petrus
Mattijs E. Numans
Tobias N. Bonten
author_facet Simone van den Bulk
Jasper W. A. van Egeraat
Annelieke H. J. Petrus
Mattijs E. Numans
Tobias N. Bonten
author_sort Simone van den Bulk
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The COVID-19 lockdown had profound effects on society and healthcare. Cardiology departments reported declines in chest pain evaluations and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) diagnoses. However, the pattern of chest pain in primary care is not clear yet. This study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the number of patients presenting with chest pain in primary care. Methods Routine primary care data from the Extramural LUMC (Leiden University Medical Center) Academic Network (ELAN) in the Netherlands were used. Chest pain consultations from January 2017 to December 2020 were included. An interrupted time series analysis was performed to compare the incidence rate (IR) of chest pain consultations during the COVID-19 lockdown to the expected IR. Secondary outcomes were the type of consultations, referral proportions, and the IR of registered ACS diagnoses. Results In total 9,908 chest pain consultations were included. During the COVID-19 lockdown the IR was 6.16 per 1000 person-years while the expected IR was 7.55 (95% CI 7.03–8.12). The immediate effect of the lockdown yielded an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.62 (95% CI 0.50–0.77). A similar decrease was seen for ACS diagnoses (IRR 0.62, 95% CI 0.48–0.79), with no compensatory increase after the lockdown (IRR 1.04, 95% CI 0.89–1.21). Face-to-face consultations shifted to telephone consultations (p < 0.001) and hospital referrals decreased (9.9% vs. 19.0% (p < 0.001)). Conclusions During the COVID-19 lockdown the number of chest pain consultations and registered ACS diagnoses in primary care decreased significantly. In addition, fewer patients were assessed face-to-face and fewer patients were referred to the hospital.
format Article
id doaj-art-52e858e098ef4c9cbf71c6cc8c0a6d1d
institution OA Journals
issn 2731-4553
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Primary Care
spelling doaj-art-52e858e098ef4c9cbf71c6cc8c0a6d1d2025-08-20T02:31:47ZengBMCBMC Primary Care2731-45532024-12-012511710.1186/s12875-024-02676-yIncidence of primary care chest pain consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis with routine care dataSimone van den Bulk0Jasper W. A. van Egeraat1Annelieke H. J. Petrus2Mattijs E. Numans3Tobias N. Bonten4Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical CenterDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical CenterDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical CenterDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical CenterDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical CenterAbstract Background The COVID-19 lockdown had profound effects on society and healthcare. Cardiology departments reported declines in chest pain evaluations and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) diagnoses. However, the pattern of chest pain in primary care is not clear yet. This study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the number of patients presenting with chest pain in primary care. Methods Routine primary care data from the Extramural LUMC (Leiden University Medical Center) Academic Network (ELAN) in the Netherlands were used. Chest pain consultations from January 2017 to December 2020 were included. An interrupted time series analysis was performed to compare the incidence rate (IR) of chest pain consultations during the COVID-19 lockdown to the expected IR. Secondary outcomes were the type of consultations, referral proportions, and the IR of registered ACS diagnoses. Results In total 9,908 chest pain consultations were included. During the COVID-19 lockdown the IR was 6.16 per 1000 person-years while the expected IR was 7.55 (95% CI 7.03–8.12). The immediate effect of the lockdown yielded an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.62 (95% CI 0.50–0.77). A similar decrease was seen for ACS diagnoses (IRR 0.62, 95% CI 0.48–0.79), with no compensatory increase after the lockdown (IRR 1.04, 95% CI 0.89–1.21). Face-to-face consultations shifted to telephone consultations (p < 0.001) and hospital referrals decreased (9.9% vs. 19.0% (p < 0.001)). Conclusions During the COVID-19 lockdown the number of chest pain consultations and registered ACS diagnoses in primary care decreased significantly. In addition, fewer patients were assessed face-to-face and fewer patients were referred to the hospital.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-024-02676-yChest painCOVID-19Primary health careRoutinely collected health dataInterrupted time series analysis
spellingShingle Simone van den Bulk
Jasper W. A. van Egeraat
Annelieke H. J. Petrus
Mattijs E. Numans
Tobias N. Bonten
Incidence of primary care chest pain consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis with routine care data
BMC Primary Care
Chest pain
COVID-19
Primary health care
Routinely collected health data
Interrupted time series analysis
title Incidence of primary care chest pain consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis with routine care data
title_full Incidence of primary care chest pain consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis with routine care data
title_fullStr Incidence of primary care chest pain consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis with routine care data
title_full_unstemmed Incidence of primary care chest pain consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis with routine care data
title_short Incidence of primary care chest pain consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis with routine care data
title_sort incidence of primary care chest pain consultations during the covid 19 pandemic an interrupted time series analysis with routine care data
topic Chest pain
COVID-19
Primary health care
Routinely collected health data
Interrupted time series analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-024-02676-y
work_keys_str_mv AT simonevandenbulk incidenceofprimarycarechestpainconsultationsduringthecovid19pandemicaninterruptedtimeseriesanalysiswithroutinecaredata
AT jasperwavanegeraat incidenceofprimarycarechestpainconsultationsduringthecovid19pandemicaninterruptedtimeseriesanalysiswithroutinecaredata
AT anneliekehjpetrus incidenceofprimarycarechestpainconsultationsduringthecovid19pandemicaninterruptedtimeseriesanalysiswithroutinecaredata
AT mattijsenumans incidenceofprimarycarechestpainconsultationsduringthecovid19pandemicaninterruptedtimeseriesanalysiswithroutinecaredata
AT tobiasnbonten incidenceofprimarycarechestpainconsultationsduringthecovid19pandemicaninterruptedtimeseriesanalysiswithroutinecaredata