The Impacts of Direct, Indirect, and Metalinguistic Feedback Strategies on Iraqi Students’ Writing Performance in EGP Courses
Recent research has focused on Written Corrective Feedback (WCF) as a viable approach to the instruction of second language writing that enables learners to self-correct their written output. The present study strived to determine the use of various WCF strategies in English for General Purposes...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin,
2025-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies |
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| Online Access: | https://jmrels.journals.ikiu.ac.ir/article_3692.html |
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| author | Mohammad Zohrabi Nava Nourdad Israa Abbas Alsaadi |
| author_facet | Mohammad Zohrabi Nava Nourdad Israa Abbas Alsaadi |
| author_sort | Mohammad Zohrabi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recent research has focused on Written Corrective Feedback (WCF) as a
viable approach to the instruction of second language writing that enables
learners to self-correct their written output. The present study strived to
determine the use of various WCF strategies in English for General
Purposes (EGP) courses. Accordingly, it used a mixed-methods design to
examine the utility of WCF in foreign language context of Iraq. To this
end, in the quantitative phase, the researchers selected 104 intermediatelevel nursing students in four EGP classes of a public university in Iraq
as the participants. Then, they assigned the learners to three experimental
groups including direct, indirect, and metalinguistic groups and a control
group. In addition, in the qualitative phase, the researchers randomly
selected 10 students in each of the experimental groups and probed their
perspectives on their relevant treatment using a researcher-developed
semi-structured interview protocol. Additionally, the researchers used
paired-samples t-test and one-way ANOVA to perform the data analysis
in SPSS 25. Lastly, they took advantage of thematic analysis for
analyzing the qualitative data of the study. Based on the results, all of the
examined WCF strategies ameliorated nursing students’ writing
performance. However, direct and metalinguistic WCF strategies were
more efficacious than the indirect strategy. Moreover, the qualitative
findings indicated that the participants had a preference for direct and
metalinguistic WCF strategies. The results can have practical
implications regarding the use of WCF strategies in Iraqi context. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-52da8da2146d49818d2b6bd680d937a9 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2676-5985 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-10-01 |
| publisher | Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies |
| spelling | doaj-art-52da8da2146d49818d2b6bd680d937a92025-08-20T02:59:42ZengImam Khomeini International University, Qazvin,Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies2676-59852025-10-01124127153The Impacts of Direct, Indirect, and Metalinguistic Feedback Strategies on Iraqi Students’ Writing Performance in EGP CoursesMohammad Zohrabi0Nava Nourdad1 Israa Abbas Alsaadi2Department of English Language, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IranDepartment of English Language, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IranDepartment of English Language, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IranRecent research has focused on Written Corrective Feedback (WCF) as a viable approach to the instruction of second language writing that enables learners to self-correct their written output. The present study strived to determine the use of various WCF strategies in English for General Purposes (EGP) courses. Accordingly, it used a mixed-methods design to examine the utility of WCF in foreign language context of Iraq. To this end, in the quantitative phase, the researchers selected 104 intermediatelevel nursing students in four EGP classes of a public university in Iraq as the participants. Then, they assigned the learners to three experimental groups including direct, indirect, and metalinguistic groups and a control group. In addition, in the qualitative phase, the researchers randomly selected 10 students in each of the experimental groups and probed their perspectives on their relevant treatment using a researcher-developed semi-structured interview protocol. Additionally, the researchers used paired-samples t-test and one-way ANOVA to perform the data analysis in SPSS 25. Lastly, they took advantage of thematic analysis for analyzing the qualitative data of the study. Based on the results, all of the examined WCF strategies ameliorated nursing students’ writing performance. However, direct and metalinguistic WCF strategies were more efficacious than the indirect strategy. Moreover, the qualitative findings indicated that the participants had a preference for direct and metalinguistic WCF strategies. The results can have practical implications regarding the use of WCF strategies in Iraqi context.https://jmrels.journals.ikiu.ac.ir/article_3692.htmlenglish for general purposesdirectindirectand metalinguistic feedback strategieswcf |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Zohrabi Nava Nourdad Israa Abbas Alsaadi The Impacts of Direct, Indirect, and Metalinguistic Feedback Strategies on Iraqi Students’ Writing Performance in EGP Courses Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies english for general purposes direct indirect and metalinguistic feedback strategies wcf |
| title | The Impacts of Direct, Indirect, and Metalinguistic Feedback Strategies on Iraqi Students’ Writing Performance in EGP Courses |
| title_full | The Impacts of Direct, Indirect, and Metalinguistic Feedback Strategies on Iraqi Students’ Writing Performance in EGP Courses |
| title_fullStr | The Impacts of Direct, Indirect, and Metalinguistic Feedback Strategies on Iraqi Students’ Writing Performance in EGP Courses |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impacts of Direct, Indirect, and Metalinguistic Feedback Strategies on Iraqi Students’ Writing Performance in EGP Courses |
| title_short | The Impacts of Direct, Indirect, and Metalinguistic Feedback Strategies on Iraqi Students’ Writing Performance in EGP Courses |
| title_sort | impacts of direct indirect and metalinguistic feedback strategies on iraqi students writing performance in egp courses |
| topic | english for general purposes direct indirect and metalinguistic feedback strategies wcf |
| url | https://jmrels.journals.ikiu.ac.ir/article_3692.html |
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