Sugarcane Bagasse as the Source of Nanocrystalline Cellulose for Gelatin-Free Capsule Shell

Gelatin-free capsules are possibly produced through an innovation which involves utilizing environmentally friendly materials derived from plants such as bagasse which are produced into nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). This research was conducted to report the extraction and characterization of NCC...

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Main Authors: Zakir Sabara, Alfirah Mutmainnah, Ummu Kalsum, Irma Nur Afiah, Ismalia Husna, Antomi Saregar, null Irzaman, Rofiqul Umam
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2022-01-01
Series:International Journal of Biomaterials
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9889127
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author Zakir Sabara
Alfirah Mutmainnah
Ummu Kalsum
Irma Nur Afiah
Ismalia Husna
Antomi Saregar
null Irzaman
Rofiqul Umam
author_facet Zakir Sabara
Alfirah Mutmainnah
Ummu Kalsum
Irma Nur Afiah
Ismalia Husna
Antomi Saregar
null Irzaman
Rofiqul Umam
author_sort Zakir Sabara
collection DOAJ
description Gelatin-free capsules are possibly produced through an innovation which involves utilizing environmentally friendly materials derived from plants such as bagasse which are produced into nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). This research was conducted to report the extraction and characterization of NCC from the abundant industrial plantation waste of sugarcane and its application as the base material for gelatin-free capsule shell material. The process involved using different concentrations of NCC at 1%, 2%, 4%, and 7% (in wt. %) with the addition of 1% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (in wt. %) and 1% carbopol (in wt. %). Moreover, the NCC capsules obtained from sugarcane bagasse were tested for moisture content, tensile strength, elongation, solubility, and pH. The results showed that sugarcane bagasse contains 40–50% cellulose, 6.15%–9.5% moisture content which indicates they are potentially better in terms of storage, 7.25–7.85 pH, and 0.05–0.136 MPa gel strength, and the elongation value ranges from 7.19 to 87.51%. These values were discovered to have satisfied the standard requirements as indicated by the optimal concentration of 4% NCC +1% HPMC, which is in line with the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS), thereby leading to the consideration of the material safe to be used as raw material in making capsule shells.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1687-8795
language English
publishDate 2022-01-01
publisher Wiley
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series International Journal of Biomaterials
spelling doaj-art-52cae381ec484789a89e9aebd091cf802025-08-20T03:36:34ZengWileyInternational Journal of Biomaterials1687-87952022-01-01202210.1155/2022/9889127Sugarcane Bagasse as the Source of Nanocrystalline Cellulose for Gelatin-Free Capsule ShellZakir Sabara0Alfirah Mutmainnah1Ummu Kalsum2Irma Nur Afiah3Ismalia Husna4Antomi Saregar5null Irzaman6Rofiqul Umam7Faculty of Industrial TechnologyFaculty of Industrial TechnologyFaculty of Industrial TechnologyFaculty of Industrial TechnologyDepartment of ParasitologyDepartment of Physics EducationDepartment of PhysicsDepartment of Applied Chemistry for EnvironmentGelatin-free capsules are possibly produced through an innovation which involves utilizing environmentally friendly materials derived from plants such as bagasse which are produced into nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). This research was conducted to report the extraction and characterization of NCC from the abundant industrial plantation waste of sugarcane and its application as the base material for gelatin-free capsule shell material. The process involved using different concentrations of NCC at 1%, 2%, 4%, and 7% (in wt. %) with the addition of 1% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (in wt. %) and 1% carbopol (in wt. %). Moreover, the NCC capsules obtained from sugarcane bagasse were tested for moisture content, tensile strength, elongation, solubility, and pH. The results showed that sugarcane bagasse contains 40–50% cellulose, 6.15%–9.5% moisture content which indicates they are potentially better in terms of storage, 7.25–7.85 pH, and 0.05–0.136 MPa gel strength, and the elongation value ranges from 7.19 to 87.51%. These values were discovered to have satisfied the standard requirements as indicated by the optimal concentration of 4% NCC +1% HPMC, which is in line with the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS), thereby leading to the consideration of the material safe to be used as raw material in making capsule shells.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9889127
spellingShingle Zakir Sabara
Alfirah Mutmainnah
Ummu Kalsum
Irma Nur Afiah
Ismalia Husna
Antomi Saregar
null Irzaman
Rofiqul Umam
Sugarcane Bagasse as the Source of Nanocrystalline Cellulose for Gelatin-Free Capsule Shell
International Journal of Biomaterials
title Sugarcane Bagasse as the Source of Nanocrystalline Cellulose for Gelatin-Free Capsule Shell
title_full Sugarcane Bagasse as the Source of Nanocrystalline Cellulose for Gelatin-Free Capsule Shell
title_fullStr Sugarcane Bagasse as the Source of Nanocrystalline Cellulose for Gelatin-Free Capsule Shell
title_full_unstemmed Sugarcane Bagasse as the Source of Nanocrystalline Cellulose for Gelatin-Free Capsule Shell
title_short Sugarcane Bagasse as the Source of Nanocrystalline Cellulose for Gelatin-Free Capsule Shell
title_sort sugarcane bagasse as the source of nanocrystalline cellulose for gelatin free capsule shell
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9889127
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