Reaction kinetics and molecular characterization of the compounds formed by photosensitized degradation of the plastic additive bisphenol A in the atmospheric aqueous phase
Abstract Bisphenol A (BPA, 4,4'-(propane-2,2-diyl)diphenol) is a common plasticizer that is very widespread in the environment and is also found at significant concentrations in the global oceans, due to contamination by plastics. Here we show that triplet sensitization is an important degradat...
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Nature Portfolio
2024-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82865-y |
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| author | Yiting Wang Qingxin Deng Yiqun Wang Pan Li Biao Jin Jiangping Liu Peng Cheng Marcello Brigante Dario D’Antuono Luca Carena Hui Chen Davide Vione Sasho Gligorovski |
| author_facet | Yiting Wang Qingxin Deng Yiqun Wang Pan Li Biao Jin Jiangping Liu Peng Cheng Marcello Brigante Dario D’Antuono Luca Carena Hui Chen Davide Vione Sasho Gligorovski |
| author_sort | Yiting Wang |
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| description | Abstract Bisphenol A (BPA, 4,4'-(propane-2,2-diyl)diphenol) is a common plasticizer that is very widespread in the environment and is also found at significant concentrations in the global oceans, due to contamination by plastics. Here we show that triplet sensitization is an important degradation pathway for BPA in natural surface waters, which could prevail if the water dissolved organic carbon is above 2–3 mgC L−1. Bromide levels as per seawater conditions have the potential to slow down BPA photodegradation, a phenomenon that could not be offset by reaction of BPA with Br2 •− (second-order reaction rate constant of (2.54 ± 0.09) × 108 M−1 s−1). Ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry revealed that the presence of inorganic salts (NaCl and NaBr) markedly increased the complexity of the observed CHO product compounds formed upon photosensitized degradation of BPA. The obtained results suggest that bisphenols can be efficiently removed by photosensitized reactions and generate higher number of oligomers and polyaromatic compounds in the sea surface and liquid water of marine aerosols compared to freshwaters and/or dilute cloud-water. Considering that polyaromatic compounds absorb solar actinic radiation, these results suggest that inorganic salts could significantly affect the photosensitized degradation of bisphenols and consequently influence the light-absorbing properties of marine aerosols and, ultimately, the Earth’s radiative balance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-52bd3c336c89444d8f5e8c289056f5a5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-52bd3c336c89444d8f5e8c289056f5a52025-01-05T12:26:22ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-12-0114111210.1038/s41598-024-82865-yReaction kinetics and molecular characterization of the compounds formed by photosensitized degradation of the plastic additive bisphenol A in the atmospheric aqueous phaseYiting Wang0Qingxin Deng1Yiqun Wang2Pan Li3Biao Jin4Jiangping Liu5Peng Cheng6Marcello Brigante7Dario D’Antuono8Luca Carena9Hui Chen10Davide Vione11Sasho Gligorovski12Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai UniversityState Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesState Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesState Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesState Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesFaculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and TechnologyInstitut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS, Université Clermont AuvergneInstitut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS, Université Clermont AuvergneDipartimento di Chimica, Università di TorinoDipartimento di Chimica, Università di TorinoKey Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai UniversityDipartimento di Chimica, Università di TorinoState Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesAbstract Bisphenol A (BPA, 4,4'-(propane-2,2-diyl)diphenol) is a common plasticizer that is very widespread in the environment and is also found at significant concentrations in the global oceans, due to contamination by plastics. Here we show that triplet sensitization is an important degradation pathway for BPA in natural surface waters, which could prevail if the water dissolved organic carbon is above 2–3 mgC L−1. Bromide levels as per seawater conditions have the potential to slow down BPA photodegradation, a phenomenon that could not be offset by reaction of BPA with Br2 •− (second-order reaction rate constant of (2.54 ± 0.09) × 108 M−1 s−1). Ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry revealed that the presence of inorganic salts (NaCl and NaBr) markedly increased the complexity of the observed CHO product compounds formed upon photosensitized degradation of BPA. The obtained results suggest that bisphenols can be efficiently removed by photosensitized reactions and generate higher number of oligomers and polyaromatic compounds in the sea surface and liquid water of marine aerosols compared to freshwaters and/or dilute cloud-water. Considering that polyaromatic compounds absorb solar actinic radiation, these results suggest that inorganic salts could significantly affect the photosensitized degradation of bisphenols and consequently influence the light-absorbing properties of marine aerosols and, ultimately, the Earth’s radiative balance.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82865-yPhotochemistryBisphenolsAromatic compoundsSea surfaceAerosolsClouds |
| spellingShingle | Yiting Wang Qingxin Deng Yiqun Wang Pan Li Biao Jin Jiangping Liu Peng Cheng Marcello Brigante Dario D’Antuono Luca Carena Hui Chen Davide Vione Sasho Gligorovski Reaction kinetics and molecular characterization of the compounds formed by photosensitized degradation of the plastic additive bisphenol A in the atmospheric aqueous phase Scientific Reports Photochemistry Bisphenols Aromatic compounds Sea surface Aerosols Clouds |
| title | Reaction kinetics and molecular characterization of the compounds formed by photosensitized degradation of the plastic additive bisphenol A in the atmospheric aqueous phase |
| title_full | Reaction kinetics and molecular characterization of the compounds formed by photosensitized degradation of the plastic additive bisphenol A in the atmospheric aqueous phase |
| title_fullStr | Reaction kinetics and molecular characterization of the compounds formed by photosensitized degradation of the plastic additive bisphenol A in the atmospheric aqueous phase |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reaction kinetics and molecular characterization of the compounds formed by photosensitized degradation of the plastic additive bisphenol A in the atmospheric aqueous phase |
| title_short | Reaction kinetics and molecular characterization of the compounds formed by photosensitized degradation of the plastic additive bisphenol A in the atmospheric aqueous phase |
| title_sort | reaction kinetics and molecular characterization of the compounds formed by photosensitized degradation of the plastic additive bisphenol a in the atmospheric aqueous phase |
| topic | Photochemistry Bisphenols Aromatic compounds Sea surface Aerosols Clouds |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82865-y |
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