Bitter Perception and Effects of Foods Rich in Bitter Compounds on Human Health: A Comprehensive Review
Bitter food, because of its unique taste, is not popular with the public, and is even considered to be difficult to swallow. By binding to specific sites of bitter receptors (26 hTAS2Rs), bitter compounds activate the downstream signaling pathways mediated by G protein, which convert chemical signal...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-11-01
|
| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/23/3747 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850261211970535424 |
|---|---|
| author | Kaina Qiao Mingxia Zhao Yan Huang Li Liang Yuyu Zhang |
| author_facet | Kaina Qiao Mingxia Zhao Yan Huang Li Liang Yuyu Zhang |
| author_sort | Kaina Qiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bitter food, because of its unique taste, is not popular with the public, and is even considered to be difficult to swallow. By binding to specific sites of bitter receptors (26 hTAS2Rs), bitter compounds activate the downstream signaling pathways mediated by G protein, which convert chemical signals into electrical signals that are ultimately transmitted to the brain to produce the bitter perception. The intensity of bitterness is mainly determined by the hydrophobic recognition region of bitter receptors. The bitter compounds in foods mainly include alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenoids, amino acids, etc. Foods rich in bitter taste are mostly natural such as beans, nuts, and coffee, etc. Studies have proven that bitter foods have biological activities such as preventing hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, antioxidant, and exhibit neuroprotective effects and other biological activities. The purpose of this review is to explore the bitter perception and the biological activity of bitter compounds, clarify the mechanism of their action on human health, and provide theoretical guidance for the development and application of functional foods. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-52ab87d7020b4d428cd9cb01036a4e4d |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj-art-52ab87d7020b4d428cd9cb01036a4e4d2025-08-20T01:55:28ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582024-11-011323374710.3390/foods13233747Bitter Perception and Effects of Foods Rich in Bitter Compounds on Human Health: A Comprehensive ReviewKaina Qiao0Mingxia Zhao1Yan Huang2Li Liang3Yuyu Zhang4Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan · Beijing Technology and Business University, Luohe 462300, ChinaFood Laboratory of Zhongyuan · Luohe Food Engineering Vocational University, Luohe 462300, ChinaFood Laboratory of Zhongyuan · Beijing Technology and Business University, Luohe 462300, ChinaFood Laboratory of Zhongyuan · Beijing Technology and Business University, Luohe 462300, ChinaFood Laboratory of Zhongyuan · Beijing Technology and Business University, Luohe 462300, ChinaBitter food, because of its unique taste, is not popular with the public, and is even considered to be difficult to swallow. By binding to specific sites of bitter receptors (26 hTAS2Rs), bitter compounds activate the downstream signaling pathways mediated by G protein, which convert chemical signals into electrical signals that are ultimately transmitted to the brain to produce the bitter perception. The intensity of bitterness is mainly determined by the hydrophobic recognition region of bitter receptors. The bitter compounds in foods mainly include alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenoids, amino acids, etc. Foods rich in bitter taste are mostly natural such as beans, nuts, and coffee, etc. Studies have proven that bitter foods have biological activities such as preventing hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, antioxidant, and exhibit neuroprotective effects and other biological activities. The purpose of this review is to explore the bitter perception and the biological activity of bitter compounds, clarify the mechanism of their action on human health, and provide theoretical guidance for the development and application of functional foods.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/23/3747bitter tastebitter perceptionbitter compoundshealth benefits |
| spellingShingle | Kaina Qiao Mingxia Zhao Yan Huang Li Liang Yuyu Zhang Bitter Perception and Effects of Foods Rich in Bitter Compounds on Human Health: A Comprehensive Review Foods bitter taste bitter perception bitter compounds health benefits |
| title | Bitter Perception and Effects of Foods Rich in Bitter Compounds on Human Health: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full | Bitter Perception and Effects of Foods Rich in Bitter Compounds on Human Health: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_fullStr | Bitter Perception and Effects of Foods Rich in Bitter Compounds on Human Health: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bitter Perception and Effects of Foods Rich in Bitter Compounds on Human Health: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_short | Bitter Perception and Effects of Foods Rich in Bitter Compounds on Human Health: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_sort | bitter perception and effects of foods rich in bitter compounds on human health a comprehensive review |
| topic | bitter taste bitter perception bitter compounds health benefits |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/23/3747 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kainaqiao bitterperceptionandeffectsoffoodsrichinbittercompoundsonhumanhealthacomprehensivereview AT mingxiazhao bitterperceptionandeffectsoffoodsrichinbittercompoundsonhumanhealthacomprehensivereview AT yanhuang bitterperceptionandeffectsoffoodsrichinbittercompoundsonhumanhealthacomprehensivereview AT liliang bitterperceptionandeffectsoffoodsrichinbittercompoundsonhumanhealthacomprehensivereview AT yuyuzhang bitterperceptionandeffectsoffoodsrichinbittercompoundsonhumanhealthacomprehensivereview |