The influence of different negative feedback on the decay of self-deception
IntroductionThough some studies have found the positive influences of moderate self-deception on individuals and society, there are many that have shown its negative influences on individuals and society. Long-term self-deception will have negative influences which could cause high individual losses...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1499089/full |
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| author | Juan Liu Juan Liu Juan Liu Wenjun Ding Wenjun Ding Liying Deng Min Tan Min Tan Peipei Guan |
| author_facet | Juan Liu Juan Liu Juan Liu Wenjun Ding Wenjun Ding Liying Deng Min Tan Min Tan Peipei Guan |
| author_sort | Juan Liu |
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| description | IntroductionThough some studies have found the positive influences of moderate self-deception on individuals and society, there are many that have shown its negative influences on individuals and society. Long-term self-deception will have negative influences which could cause high individual losses and even social disasters. Therefore, it is essential to abate the decay of self-deception to avoid its negative influences and help individuals to better monitor themselves.MethodsIn this research, we explored the impact of various types of negative feedback on the decay of self-deception using a forward-looking paradigm with three conditions: no-feedback, ambiguous negative feedback, and real negative feedback. The experiment under each condition was tested four times. The negative feedback was provided after Tests 2 and 3.ResultsThe results indicated that, in Test 1 of both Experiments 1 and 2, the answer group demonstrated notably stronger positive beliefs and a higher propensity for cheating compared to the control group. Additionally, self-deception was more pronounced under the no-feedback than under the negative feedback in the subsequent three tests. Furthermore, the condition of ambiguous negative feedback led to greater self-deception in the final three tests compared to the condition of real negative feedback in Experiment 2. The results also revealed that self-deception gradually diminished with real feedback in the answer group.DiscussionThe findings showed that both ambiguous and real negative feedback reduce self-deception, although real negative feedback having a greater effect than ambiguous feedback. Additionally, the reduction of self-deception was fundamentally related to a decrease in unrealistic positive beliefs, and this decline in self-deception was also influenced by monetary rewards. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-527f740e54154711a219221f33df6fa4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj-art-527f740e54154711a219221f33df6fa42025-01-23T06:56:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782025-01-011510.3389/fpsyg.2024.14990891499089The influence of different negative feedback on the decay of self-deceptionJuan Liu0Juan Liu1Juan Liu2Wenjun Ding3Wenjun Ding4Liying Deng5Min Tan6Min Tan7Peipei Guan8School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaCognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory for Big Data of Basic Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaSchool of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory for Big Data of Basic Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaSchool of Design, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, ChinaSchool of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaCognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, ChinaKing’s College London, London, United KingdomIntroductionThough some studies have found the positive influences of moderate self-deception on individuals and society, there are many that have shown its negative influences on individuals and society. Long-term self-deception will have negative influences which could cause high individual losses and even social disasters. Therefore, it is essential to abate the decay of self-deception to avoid its negative influences and help individuals to better monitor themselves.MethodsIn this research, we explored the impact of various types of negative feedback on the decay of self-deception using a forward-looking paradigm with three conditions: no-feedback, ambiguous negative feedback, and real negative feedback. The experiment under each condition was tested four times. The negative feedback was provided after Tests 2 and 3.ResultsThe results indicated that, in Test 1 of both Experiments 1 and 2, the answer group demonstrated notably stronger positive beliefs and a higher propensity for cheating compared to the control group. Additionally, self-deception was more pronounced under the no-feedback than under the negative feedback in the subsequent three tests. Furthermore, the condition of ambiguous negative feedback led to greater self-deception in the final three tests compared to the condition of real negative feedback in Experiment 2. The results also revealed that self-deception gradually diminished with real feedback in the answer group.DiscussionThe findings showed that both ambiguous and real negative feedback reduce self-deception, although real negative feedback having a greater effect than ambiguous feedback. Additionally, the reduction of self-deception was fundamentally related to a decrease in unrealistic positive beliefs, and this decline in self-deception was also influenced by monetary rewards.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1499089/fullself-deceptionnegative feedbackdecaypositive beliefscheating |
| spellingShingle | Juan Liu Juan Liu Juan Liu Wenjun Ding Wenjun Ding Liying Deng Min Tan Min Tan Peipei Guan The influence of different negative feedback on the decay of self-deception Frontiers in Psychology self-deception negative feedback decay positive beliefs cheating |
| title | The influence of different negative feedback on the decay of self-deception |
| title_full | The influence of different negative feedback on the decay of self-deception |
| title_fullStr | The influence of different negative feedback on the decay of self-deception |
| title_full_unstemmed | The influence of different negative feedback on the decay of self-deception |
| title_short | The influence of different negative feedback on the decay of self-deception |
| title_sort | influence of different negative feedback on the decay of self deception |
| topic | self-deception negative feedback decay positive beliefs cheating |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1499089/full |
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