One-pot green synthesis of BSA-capped O-CQDs as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for sensitive and selective detection of promethazine drug

Reliability in biosensing technologies is crucial for the accurate detection and measurement of target molecules, prompting strategies to minimise non-specific binding events that may result in inaccurate findings. This work reports on bovine serum albumin (BSA)-capped oxygen rich carbon quantum dot...

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Main Authors: S. Viji, A. Dinesh, K. Radhakrishnan, L. Srimathi Priya, C. Sivasankari, Madhappan Santhamoorthy, Manikandan Ayyar, V. Mohanavel, Mohamed Hashem, Hassan Fouad, G. Ramachandran, S. Santhoshkumar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-02-01
Series:Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214180425000224
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author S. Viji
A. Dinesh
K. Radhakrishnan
L. Srimathi Priya
C. Sivasankari
Madhappan Santhamoorthy
Manikandan Ayyar
V. Mohanavel
Mohamed Hashem
Hassan Fouad
G. Ramachandran
S. Santhoshkumar
author_facet S. Viji
A. Dinesh
K. Radhakrishnan
L. Srimathi Priya
C. Sivasankari
Madhappan Santhamoorthy
Manikandan Ayyar
V. Mohanavel
Mohamed Hashem
Hassan Fouad
G. Ramachandran
S. Santhoshkumar
author_sort S. Viji
collection DOAJ
description Reliability in biosensing technologies is crucial for the accurate detection and measurement of target molecules, prompting strategies to minimise non-specific binding events that may result in inaccurate findings. This work reports on bovine serum albumin (BSA)-capped oxygen rich carbon quantum dots (O-CQDs) to improve the accuracy of promethazine sensing. The CQDs were produced utilizing a hydrothermal technique with apple juice as a sustainable carbon source. BSA-Caped O-CQDs improve their biocompatibility and stability in physiological conditions while also reducing non-specific interactions with other biomolecules. Several spectroscopic methods, such as fluorescence, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were used to evaluate this enhanced specificity and sensitivity. Obtained results show that BSA-O-CQDs had higher specificity for promethazine Furthermore, their ability to resolve non-specific binding was assessed under simulated physiological backgrounds, demonstrating their promise for robust biosensing applications. This sensor method achieved a high selectivity with LOD of 0.2 μM from range of 10–90 μM indicating its suitability for precise promethazine measurement in environmental samples. The primary advantages of this technique include simplified sample preparation together with economic advantages which make it a critical instrument for public health monitoring as well as cutting-edge pharmaceutical research. Sustainable O-CQDs demonstrate the potential for creating environmentally friendly biosensors.
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spelling doaj-art-5262b7740492482bb2c4acc1777f85792025-02-09T05:00:26ZengElsevierSensing and Bio-Sensing Research2214-18042025-02-0147100756One-pot green synthesis of BSA-capped O-CQDs as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for sensitive and selective detection of promethazine drugS. Viji0A. Dinesh1K. Radhakrishnan2L. Srimathi Priya3C. Sivasankari4Madhappan Santhamoorthy5Manikandan Ayyar6V. Mohanavel7Mohamed Hashem8Hassan Fouad9G. Ramachandran10S. Santhoshkumar11Department of Chemistry, Dr. Ambedkar Govt. Arts College (Autonomous), affiliated to the University of Madras, Vyasarpadi, Chennai 600 039, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, K. Ramakrishnan College of Engineering (Autonomous), Affiliated to the Anna University, Samayapuram, Trichy 621112, Tamil Nadu, India; Corresponding authors.Department of Chemistry, Centre for Material Chemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641021, India; Corresponding authors.Department of Natural Resource Management, Horticultural College and Research Institute (HC & RI), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Periyakulam 625 604, Tamil Nadu, India; Corresponding authors.Department of Chemistry, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore 641013, Tamil Nadu 641021, India.School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Centre for Material Chemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641021, IndiaCentre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Selaiyur, Chennai 600073, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre for Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401 Punjab, IndiaDepartment of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O Box. 12372, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaApplied Medical Science Dept. Community College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, Dr. Ambedkar Govt. Arts College (Autonomous), affiliated to the University of Madras, Vyasarpadi, Chennai 600 039, Tamil Nadu, India; Corresponding authors.Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.Reliability in biosensing technologies is crucial for the accurate detection and measurement of target molecules, prompting strategies to minimise non-specific binding events that may result in inaccurate findings. This work reports on bovine serum albumin (BSA)-capped oxygen rich carbon quantum dots (O-CQDs) to improve the accuracy of promethazine sensing. The CQDs were produced utilizing a hydrothermal technique with apple juice as a sustainable carbon source. BSA-Caped O-CQDs improve their biocompatibility and stability in physiological conditions while also reducing non-specific interactions with other biomolecules. Several spectroscopic methods, such as fluorescence, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were used to evaluate this enhanced specificity and sensitivity. Obtained results show that BSA-O-CQDs had higher specificity for promethazine Furthermore, their ability to resolve non-specific binding was assessed under simulated physiological backgrounds, demonstrating their promise for robust biosensing applications. This sensor method achieved a high selectivity with LOD of 0.2 μM from range of 10–90 μM indicating its suitability for precise promethazine measurement in environmental samples. The primary advantages of this technique include simplified sample preparation together with economic advantages which make it a critical instrument for public health monitoring as well as cutting-edge pharmaceutical research. Sustainable O-CQDs demonstrate the potential for creating environmentally friendly biosensors.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214180425000224Green synthesisBSA-O-CQDsFluorescent sensingPromethazine
spellingShingle S. Viji
A. Dinesh
K. Radhakrishnan
L. Srimathi Priya
C. Sivasankari
Madhappan Santhamoorthy
Manikandan Ayyar
V. Mohanavel
Mohamed Hashem
Hassan Fouad
G. Ramachandran
S. Santhoshkumar
One-pot green synthesis of BSA-capped O-CQDs as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for sensitive and selective detection of promethazine drug
Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research
Green synthesis
BSA-O-CQDs
Fluorescent sensing
Promethazine
title One-pot green synthesis of BSA-capped O-CQDs as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for sensitive and selective detection of promethazine drug
title_full One-pot green synthesis of BSA-capped O-CQDs as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for sensitive and selective detection of promethazine drug
title_fullStr One-pot green synthesis of BSA-capped O-CQDs as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for sensitive and selective detection of promethazine drug
title_full_unstemmed One-pot green synthesis of BSA-capped O-CQDs as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for sensitive and selective detection of promethazine drug
title_short One-pot green synthesis of BSA-capped O-CQDs as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for sensitive and selective detection of promethazine drug
title_sort one pot green synthesis of bsa capped o cqds as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for sensitive and selective detection of promethazine drug
topic Green synthesis
BSA-O-CQDs
Fluorescent sensing
Promethazine
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214180425000224
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