Red blood cell count and cystatin C as the specific biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy from diabetes mellitus: a case–control study

Abstract Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the blood physiological indicators for this eye disease are less reported. Here, we systemically investigated healthy controls, DR patients and DM patients from 2014 to 2022 in Sichuan Provi...

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Main Authors: Zheng Li, Jie Li, Jie Zhong, Chao Qu, Mingyan Du, Huaping Tian, Haojue Xu, Fang Hao, Lulin Huang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80797-1
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author Zheng Li
Jie Li
Jie Zhong
Chao Qu
Mingyan Du
Huaping Tian
Haojue Xu
Fang Hao
Lulin Huang
author_facet Zheng Li
Jie Li
Jie Zhong
Chao Qu
Mingyan Du
Huaping Tian
Haojue Xu
Fang Hao
Lulin Huang
author_sort Zheng Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the blood physiological indicators for this eye disease are less reported. Here, we systemically investigated healthy controls, DR patients and DM patients from 2014 to 2022 in Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital (Chengdu, China). We found the leukocyte count, urea, and direct bilirubin in the DR patients were significantly increased (P < 0.001) compared with the controls. The ratios of aspartate aminotransferase/alanine transaminase, total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, and red cell distribution width were lower in the DR patients than in the controls (P < 0.001). Notably, Red blood cell count (mean [SD] = 4.54 [0.67] 10E12/L, OR = 0.75) was significantly decreased (P < 0.001), and cystatin C level (mean [SD] = 1.42 [1.13] mg/L, OR = 1.90) was significantly increased in the DR patients compared with the controls (P < 0.001). However, these two indicators were not significantly different between the DM patients and the controls (P = 0.87 and P = 0.14, respectively). Our results showed that red blood cell count and cystatin C are specific biomarkers for DR patients.
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issn 2045-2322
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publishDate 2024-11-01
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spelling doaj-art-520842088f464423bbc8854e327ecdbd2025-08-20T02:49:17ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-11-011411610.1038/s41598-024-80797-1Red blood cell count and cystatin C as the specific biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy from diabetes mellitus: a case–control studyZheng Li0Jie Li1Jie Zhong2Chao Qu3Mingyan Du4Huaping Tian5Haojue Xu6Fang Hao7Lulin Huang8Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and the Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and TechnologySichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and the Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and TechnologyOphthalmology department of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaOphthalmology department of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and the Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and TechnologySichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and the Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and TechnologySichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and the Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and TechnologySichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and the Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and TechnologySichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and the Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and TechnologyAbstract Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the blood physiological indicators for this eye disease are less reported. Here, we systemically investigated healthy controls, DR patients and DM patients from 2014 to 2022 in Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital (Chengdu, China). We found the leukocyte count, urea, and direct bilirubin in the DR patients were significantly increased (P < 0.001) compared with the controls. The ratios of aspartate aminotransferase/alanine transaminase, total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, and red cell distribution width were lower in the DR patients than in the controls (P < 0.001). Notably, Red blood cell count (mean [SD] = 4.54 [0.67] 10E12/L, OR = 0.75) was significantly decreased (P < 0.001), and cystatin C level (mean [SD] = 1.42 [1.13] mg/L, OR = 1.90) was significantly increased in the DR patients compared with the controls (P < 0.001). However, these two indicators were not significantly different between the DM patients and the controls (P = 0.87 and P = 0.14, respectively). Our results showed that red blood cell count and cystatin C are specific biomarkers for DR patients.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80797-1Diabetic retinopathyDiabetes mellitusRed blood cell countCystatin CBiomarkers
spellingShingle Zheng Li
Jie Li
Jie Zhong
Chao Qu
Mingyan Du
Huaping Tian
Haojue Xu
Fang Hao
Lulin Huang
Red blood cell count and cystatin C as the specific biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy from diabetes mellitus: a case–control study
Scientific Reports
Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetes mellitus
Red blood cell count
Cystatin C
Biomarkers
title Red blood cell count and cystatin C as the specific biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy from diabetes mellitus: a case–control study
title_full Red blood cell count and cystatin C as the specific biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy from diabetes mellitus: a case–control study
title_fullStr Red blood cell count and cystatin C as the specific biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy from diabetes mellitus: a case–control study
title_full_unstemmed Red blood cell count and cystatin C as the specific biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy from diabetes mellitus: a case–control study
title_short Red blood cell count and cystatin C as the specific biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy from diabetes mellitus: a case–control study
title_sort red blood cell count and cystatin c as the specific biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy from diabetes mellitus a case control study
topic Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetes mellitus
Red blood cell count
Cystatin C
Biomarkers
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80797-1
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